Flashcards for Unit 1
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Flashcards for Unit 1
Anything that has mass & occupies space.
MatterMatter
How many fundamental units in the SI system?
77
Physical quantity that must be measured. It cannot be calculated.
Fundamental or Fundamental or Base UnitBase Unit
A unit defined as a combination of fundamental units.
Derived UnitDerived Unit
Unit of Mass
Unit of Time
Unit of Length
Unit of Temperature
Unit of Amount of Substance
Unit of Capacity(Space or Volume)
KilogramKilogram
SecondSecond
MeterMeter
KelvinKelvin
MoleMole
Liter, milliliter, cubic Liter, milliliter, cubic centimetercentimeter
Liter
Metric Unit of Volume: Metric Unit of Volume: 10 cm X 10 cm 10 cm10 cm X 10 cm 10 cm
Derived Unit
? cm3 = 1 Liter
1000 cm1000 cm33 = 1 Liter = 1 Liter
Derived Unit
? milliliter = 1 Liter
1000 mL = 1 Liter1000 mL = 1 Liter
Derived Unit
? milliliter = 1 cm3
1 mL = 1 cm1 mL = 1 cm33
Derived Unit
What is the mass of 1 liter of pure H2O?
1 kilogram1 kilogram
Mass/Mass/Volume Volume relationshiprelationship
What is the volume of 1 kilogram of pure H2O?
1 Liter1 Liter
Mass/Mass/Volume Volume relationshiprelationship
What is the volume of 1 gram of pure H2O?
1 milliliter1 milliliter
Mass/Mass/Volume Volume relationshiprelationship
What is the mass of 1 cm3 of pure H2O?
1 gram1 gram
Mass/Mass/Volume Volume relationshiprelationship
Freezing Point of water in the Kelvin scale.
273 K273 K
Physical Constant
Boiling Point of water in the Kelvin scale.
373 K373 K
Physical Constant
Freezing Point of water in the centigrade scale.
00 C C
Physical Constant
Boiling Point of water in the centigrade scale.
100100 C C
Physical Constant
Ice / water equilibrium
Another name for Another name for freezing point.freezing point.
Steam / water equilibrium
Another name for Another name for boiling point.boiling point.
? cm in 1 meter
100 cm = 1 100 cm = 1 metermeter
Conversion Fact
? mm in 1 meter
1000 mm = 1 1000 mm = 1 metermeter
Conversion Fact
? m in 1 km
1000 m = 1 1000 m = 1 kilometerkilometer
Conversion Fact
? mg in 1 g
1000 mg = 1 1000 mg = 1 gramgram
Conversion Fact
Density
Mass / VolumeMass / Volume
Density
Describes how matter Describes how matter is packed into space.is packed into space.
Units of Density
grams / cmgrams / cm33 for solids for solids
grams / ml for liquidsgrams / ml for liquids
Density
DD
MM
VV
Accuracy
How close a measured How close a measured value is to an accepted value is to an accepted value.value.
Precision
How close a series of How close a series of measurements are to measurements are to one another.one another.
High Precision
Low ScatterLow Scatter
Percent Error
Measured value – Accepted valueMeasured value – Accepted value x 100% x 100%
Table T, reference tables
Accepted valueAccepted value
C to K
Table T, reference tables
K = K = C + 273C + 273
Scientific Notation
The number is written as a The number is written as a product of 2 numbers:product of 2 numbers:
- a number between 1 & - a number between 1 & 1010
- a power of 10 - a power of 10
2 X 10-3
Negative exponent so the Negative exponent so the number is between 0 and 1:number is between 0 and 1:0.0020.002
5 X 102
Positive exponent so the Positive exponent so the number is greater than 1:number is greater than 1:500500
Significant Figures
All known digits plus All known digits plus 1 estimated digit.1 estimated digit.
Report 1 place past the cailbration!Report 1 place past the cailbration!
5400.145 cm
Decimal Present – Pacific Decimal Present – Pacific sidesideStart counting at 1Start counting at 1stst nonzero nonzero ##
7 sig figs
0.0175 g
Decimal Present – Pacific Decimal Present – Pacific sidesideStart counting at 1Start counting at 1stst nonzero nonzero ##
3 sig figs
4855 g
Decimal Absent – Atlantic Decimal Absent – Atlantic sidesideStart counting at 1Start counting at 1stst nonzero nonzero ##
4 sig figs
4000 mm
Decimal Absent – Atlantic Decimal Absent – Atlantic sidesideStart counting at 1Start counting at 1stst nonzero nonzero ##
1 sig fig
Significant Figures: Rule for Addition and Subtraction
Answer has same number of Answer has same number of decimal placesdecimal places as the addend as the addend with the with the leastleast number of number of decimal places.decimal places.
28.0 cm28.0 cm23.538 cm23.538 cm25.68 cm 25.68 cm ++
77.218 cm77.218 cm
But what But what do you do you report?report?
77.2 cm is correct! 77.2 cm is correct!
Significant Figures: Rule for Multiplication & Division
Answer has same number of Answer has same number of significant figuressignificant figures as the factor as the factor with the with the leastleast number of number of significant figures.significant figures.
24 m X 3.26 m = 78.24 m2But what do you report?But what do you report?
78 m78 m22 is correct! is correct!
An aluminum cube has a mass of 4.75 grams. The dimensions of the cube are 1.2 cm X 1.2 cm X 1.2 cm. What is the density of the cube?
a)a) 2.749 g/cm2.749 g/cm33
b)b) 2.75 g/cm2.75 g/cm33
““Volume” = 1.728 cmVolume” = 1.728 cm33
c) 2.7 g/cmc) 2.7 g/cm33
d) 0.36 cmd) 0.36 cm33/g/g
3 sig figs3 sig figs
2 sf2 sf
A solution contains 43.875 grams of NaCl dissolved in 1. Liter of H2O. What is the molarity expressed to the correct sig figs?
58.5 grams of NaCl = 1 mole. 58.5 grams of NaCl = 1 mole. Calculated from P.T.Calculated from P.T.
43.875 g 1 mole = 0.75 moles 43.875 g 1 mole = 0.75 moles 58.5 grams 58.5 grams
0.75 moles/1. Liter = 0.75 M 0.75 moles/1. Liter = 0.75 M 0.8 M0.8 M
5 sig figs5 sig figs1 sig fig1 sig fig
Data Table
2 columns plus title2 columns plus title
independent variable – controlled by independent variable – controlled by scientist (column 1)scientist (column 1)
dependent variable – measured dependent variable – measured variable (column 2)variable (column 2)
Graph
2 axes plus title2 axes plus title
independent variable – controlled by independent variable – controlled by scientist (column 1) – GOES on X-AXISscientist (column 1) – GOES on X-AXIS
dependent variable – measured dependent variable – measured variable (column 2) – GOES on Y-AXISvariable (column 2) – GOES on Y-AXIS
Linear Relationship X-axisX-axis
Y-a
xis
Y-a
xis
Y = mX + bY = mX + b
Direct Relationship X-axisX-axis
Y-a
xis
Y-a
xis
Y = mXY = mX
Inverse Relationship X-axisX-axis
Y-a
xis
Y-a
xis
XY = k where XY = k where k is a constantk is a constant
Graph of a ConstantX-axisX-axis
Y-a
xis
Y-a
xis
Related Documents
