Fire safety training by Bablu Kumar Deo 05.05.2015

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

1) COMBUSTION PROCESS.1) COMBUSTION PROCESS.2) MAJOR CAUSES OF FIRE.2) MAJOR CAUSES OF FIRE.3) TYPE OF FIRE CLASSES.3) TYPE OF FIRE CLASSES.4) DIFFERENT TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS.4) DIFFERENT TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS.5) HOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER.5) HOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER.6) HOW FIRE EXTINGUISHERS WORK.6) HOW FIRE EXTINGUISHERS WORK.7) UNDERSTAND BASIC FIRE FIGHTING CONCEPTS.7) UNDERSTAND BASIC FIRE FIGHTING CONCEPTS.

I) RACEI) RACEII) PASSII) PASS

8) PREVENTION AND PRECAUTION FROM FIRES.8) PREVENTION AND PRECAUTION FROM FIRES.I) STOP, DROP & ROLLI) STOP, DROP & ROLLII) II)

FIRE SAFETY TRAINING

UNDERSTAND OF COMBUSTION PROCESS.

BASIC PRINCIPLE OF FIRE SAFETY

1. Enough OXYGENOXYGEN to sustain combustion.

2. Enough HEATHEAT to reach ignition temperature.

3. Some FUELFUEL or combustible material.

Together, they produce the CHEMICALCHEMICAL REACTION REACTION that is fire.

Three things must be present at the same time to produce

fire:

Take away any of these things and Take away any of these things and the fire will be extinguished.the fire will be extinguished.

MAJOR CAUSES OF FIRES Carelessness with

smoking, matches & open fire.

Miss-use of electricity (overloading a circuit or over use of extension cords).

Improper rubbish disposal.

Improper storage of flammables materials.

Schedule PM work not done in heater, furnace & others heating elements.

DD

TYPE-A: Trash, Wood, paper

Type-C Electrical Equipment

Type-B: Liquids, Grease

COMBUSTIBLE

METALS

Type-D

wood paper cloth etc.

• gasoline

• oil

• grease

• other solvents

• computers

• fax machine

• other energized electrical equip.

• magnesium

• sodium

• potassium

• titanium

• other flammable metals

TYPE OF FIRE CLASSES

Type-K: Cooking Media

• Fires involving combustible oils, lards and fats in commercial cooking.

CLASS K FIRESCLASS K FIRES

TYPE OF FIRE CLASSES

DIFFERENT TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS.

TYPE-A(WATER)

NOTE: DON’T USE ON OILS. FATS, LIVE ELECTRICS.

TYPE-A (WATER) FIRE EXTINGUISHER:

USE FOR CLASS “A” FIRES LIKE -Ordinary combustibles materials.

DIFFERENT TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS.

TYPE-BC (CO2 GAS) FIRE EXTINGUISHER:

USE FOR CLASS “B” & “C” FIRES LIKE - ELECTRIC & BURNING LIQUIDS.

TYPE-BC(GAS)

DIFFERENT TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS.

TYPE-AB (FOAM) FIRE EXTINGUISHER:

USE FOR CLASS “B” FIRES LIKE – CHEMICALS, BURNING LIQUIDS.

NOTE: INEFFECTIVE ON DEEP COOKING OIL FIRES, DON’T USE ON LIVE ELECTRICS.

TYPE-AB(Foam)

DIFFERENT TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS.

TYPE-BC (DCP) FIRE EXTINGUISHER:

USE FOR CLASS “BC” FIRES LIKE –BURNING LIQUIDS, ELECTRIC.TYPE-BC (DCP)

DIFFERENT TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS.

TYPE-ABC FIRE EXTINGUISHER:

USE FOR CLASS “ABC” FIRES LIKE –BURNING LIQUIDS, ELECTRIC, ORDINARY COMBUSTIBLES.

TYPE-ABC

SSweep side to sideweep side to side

AAim low at the im low at the base of flamesbase of flames

SSqueeze thequeeze thehandlehandle

PPull the pinull the pinP

A

S

S

UNDERSTAND BASIC FIRE FIGHTING CONCEPTS

It’s easy to remember how to use a fire extinguisher if you remember the acronym PASS:

HOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHERHOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

PPull the pin…

This will This will allow you allow you to to discharge discharge the the extinguisextinguisherher

HOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHERHOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

Hit the Hit the fuel.fuel.

If you aim If you aim at the at the flames...flames... … the extinguishing agent will fly right through and do no good.

AAim at the base of the fire…

HOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHERHOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

This This depresses a depresses a button that button that releases releases the the pressurized pressurized extinguishiextinguishing agent. ng agent.

SSqueeze the top handle…

HOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHERHOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

.. until the .. until the fire is fire is completelycompletely out. out. Start using the extinguisher from a safe distance away, then slowly move forward. Once the fire is out, keep an eye on the area in case it re-ignites.

SSweep from side to side…

HOW FIRE EXTINGUISHERS WORK.

1) Water extinguishers are filled with regular tap water.2) Normally pressurized with air cartridge. 3) The most common way to remove heat is to spray water

on the fire.

TYPE-A (Water)TYPE-A (Water) extinguish fire by taking away

the “heat” element of the Fire Triangle.

HOW FIRE EXTINGUISHERS WORK.

1) AFFF extinguishers are filled with regular tap water AND AFFF LIQUID.

2) Normally pressurized with air cartridge. 3) The AFFF creating a blanket of foam and cutting the

supply of oxygen between Fuel and Flame.

TYPE-AB (AFFF - FOAM)TYPE-AB Foam fire extinguishers work by covering a

burning flammable liquid with a blanket of foam.

HOW FIRE EXTINGUISHERS WORK.

1) Type-BC GAS extinguishers are filled with non-flammable carbon dioxide gas under extreme pressure. 

2) CO2 are designed for flammable liquid and electrical fires only. 3) CO2 may be ineffective at extinguishing Class A fires. 

TYPE-BC (GAS)TYPE-BC GAS Carbon dioxide extinguishes work by displacing

oxygen and taking away the oxygen element of the fire triangle.

HOW FIRE EXTINGUISHERS WORK.

1) DCP extinguishers are filled with Sodium Bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, or monoammonium phosphate. 

2) Normally pressurized with air cartridge. 3) Dry chemical fire extinguisher is to blanket the fuel with an inert

solid. 

TYPE-BC (POWDER)TYPE-BC(DCP) dry chemical extinguisher sprays a very fine powder

of SODIUM BICARBONATE, potassium bicarbonate, or monoammonium phosphate. These solids coat the

fuel and smother the fire.

HOW FIRE EXTINGUISHERS WORK.

1) TYPE-ABC fire extinguishers are filled with a fine yellow powder and Nitrogen is used to pressurize the extinguishers.

2) An "ABC" extinguisher will have a label like this, indicating that it may be used on class A,B, and C fires. 

3) TYPE-ABC fire extinguisher is to blanket the fuel with an inert powder. 

TYPE-ABC TYPE-ABC extinguishers put out fire by coating the fuel with a thin

layer of dust, separating the fuel from the oxygen in the air. 

RACE upon discovery of fire or smokefire or smoke

Rescue: Remove persons in immediate from danger!

Alarm: Alert others and Emergency Services.

Contain: Contain fire and smoke (close doors)

Extinguish: xtinguish: Extinguish Extinguish &/or Evacuate.

UNDERSTAND BASIC FIRE FIGHTING CONCEPTS

R

A

C

E

PREVENTION AND PRECAUTION DURING FIRES

IF YOUR CLOTHES / BODY CATCH FIRE THAN

STOPDO NOT RUN, STOP WHERE YOU ARE.

DROP DROP TO THE

GROUND.

ROLL COVER YOUR FACE

WITH YOUR HAND AND ROLL OVER AND OVER

UNTIL THE FIRE IS OUT.

FIRE FIGHTING DECISION CRETERIA KNOW: YOUR DEPARTMENT EMERGENCY PROCEDURES AND

EVACAUTION ROUTES.

KNOW: LOCATIONS OF EXTINGUISHERS IN YOUR AREA AND HOW TO USE THEM.

ALWAYS: SOUND THE ALARM REGARDLESS OF FIRE SIZE.

AVOID: SMOKY CONDITIONS.

ENSURE: AREA IS EVACUATED.

DO NOT: ATTEMPT TO FIGHT UNLESS. Alarm is soundedFire is small and containedYou have safe egress route (can be reached without exposure

to fire)Available extinguishers are rated for size and type of fire

If in doubt, IMMEDIATE evacuate!

“DON’T ATTEMPT TO FIGHT UNLESS YOU ARE TRAINED”

Fires can be very dangerous and you should always be certain that you will not endanger yourself or others when

attempting to put out a fire.

For this reason, when a fire is discovered…

RULES FOR FIGHTING FIRES.

1. Assist any person in immediate danger to safety, if it can be accomplished without risk to yourself.

2. Call to our Security or activate the building fire alarm. The fire alarm will notify the fire department and other building occupants and shut off the air handling system to prevent the spread of smoke.

If the fire is small (and Only after having done these 2 things), you may attempt to use an extinguisher to put it out.

However . However . . . .. . .

. . . before deciding to fight the fire, keep these things in mind:

1. Know what is burning. If you don’t know what’s burning, you won’t know what kind of extinguisher to use.

2. Even if you have an ABC fire extinguisher, there may be something in the fire that is going to explode or produce toxic fumes.

Chances are you will know what’s burning, or at least have a pretty good idea, but if you don’t, let the fire department handle it.

RULES FOR FIGHTING FIRES.

. . . before deciding to fight the fire, keep these things in mind:

Rules for Fighting FiresRules for Fighting Fires

3. Is the fire spreading rapidly beyond the point where it started? The time to use an extinguisher is at the beginning stages of the fire.

4. If the fire is already spreading quickly, it is best to simply pull the fire alarm and evacuate the building.

As you evacuate a building, close doors and windows behind you as you leave. This will help to slow the spread of smoke and fire.

Do not fight the fire if:

Rules for Fighting FiresRules for Fighting Fires

You don’t have adequate or appropriate equipment. If you don’t have the correct type or large enough extinguisher, it is best not to try fighting the fire.

You might inhale toxic smoke. When synthetic materials such as the nylon in carpeting or foam padding in a sofa burn, they can produce hydrogen cyanide, acrolein, and ammonia in addition to carbon monoxide. These gases can be fatal in very small amounts.

Your instincts tell you not to. If you are uncomfortable with the situation for any reason, just let the fire department do their job.

Rules for Fighting FiresRules for Fighting FiresThe final rule is to always position yourself with an exit or means of escape at your back before you attempt to use an extinguisher to put out a fire.

In case the extinguisher malfunctions, or something unexpected happens, you need to be able to get out quickly. You don’t want to become trapped.

Always Report the Use of a Fire Always Report the Use of a Fire ExtinguisherExtinguisher

Report any use of a fire extinguisher to EHS as soon as possible. The extinguisher must be inspected and refilled to make sure it is ready for use in an emergency.

THANKS

Presented byBablu Kumar Deo