Fire Safety & Burn Mgt.Training.ppt

Fire Statistics in Asian Fire Statistics in Asian CountriesCountries

Sl Sl NoNo

CountryCountry Number of Number of Fire in 2010Fire in 2010

Maximum Maximum Types of FireTypes of Fire

Maximum Maximum Causes of FireCauses of Fire

11 BangladeshBangladesh 14,92114,921 12298 12298 (Structures)(Structures)

Electric Short Electric Short CircuitCircuit

22 Hong KongHong Kong 40,60440,604 5522 (Structures)5522 (Structures) Over CookingOver Cooking

33 India (Delhi)India (Delhi) 19,85119,851 11891 11891 (Structures)(Structures)

Electric Short Electric Short CircuitCircuit

44 Japan (Tokio)Japan (Tokio) 15,51115,511 3210 (Structures)3210 (Structures) ArsonArson

55 Korea Korea 2,95,2962,95,296 26904 26904 (Structures)(Structures)

Careless NessCareless Ness

66 Malaysia Malaysia 29,34129,341 5219 (Structures)5219 (Structures) ElectricityElectricity

77 SingapureSingapure 4,6004,600 3857 (Structures)3857 (Structures) Light Thrown DownLight Thrown Down

Fire Safety Management Fire Safety Management TrainingTraining

OSHA MUSTS…..OSHA MUSTS…..DEVELOP & IMPLEMENT ACTON PLANS FOR:DEVELOP & IMPLEMENT ACTON PLANS FOR:

1.1. FIREFIRE

2.2. WORKPLACE VIOLENCEWORKPLACE VIOLENCE

3.3. CHEMICAL RELEASESCHEMICAL RELEASES

NOT LIMITED TO JUST THESE 3 BUT OSHA NOT LIMITED TO JUST THESE 3 BUT OSHA DEMANDS THESE 3.DEMANDS THESE 3.

Law of the land -Fire Safety Code

HR Policy 2013

Industrial Law

BNBC Code – 2006

Fire Department Recommendation

Fire Safety Fire Safety ManagementManagement

Save Your Life , Your Business

Your Good Will

Protect Property, Equipment, Assets and Operational continuity.

Objective:

Fire Safety Fire Safety ManagementManagement

It’s real, it does happen, and it could happen to you.

If you think, It will never happen to you, consider this

What is our lesson? what should we do to protect our self, our family, our colleagues against fire

Preventive actions Rather than curative actions

Dangers of FireDangers of Fire

Q: What are the Dangers of Fire?Q: What are the Dangers of Fire?

Fumes Fumes Suffocation Suffocation SmokeSmokeBurn Burn Structural DamageStructural Damage

Know the Causes of fireKnow the Causes of fire

Careless smoking Careless smoking

Electric Sparks / Short CircuitsElectric Sparks / Short Circuits

Hazardous storage of flammable materialsHazardous storage of flammable materials

CarelessnessCarelessness & Ignorance& Ignorance

ArsonArson

Mechanical heat & sparkMechanical heat & sparkOverheating of electric equipment Overheating of electric equipment Naked lights Naked lights Rubbish burning Rubbish burning SabotageSabotage

Minimising fire hazardsMinimising fire hazards

Good housekeeping;Good housekeeping;

Managing laundries;Managing laundries;

Managing kitchen areas;Managing kitchen areas;

Managing storage;Managing storage;

Dangerous substances, storage, display and use;Dangerous substances, storage, display and use;

Maintenance of equipment and machinery;Maintenance of equipment and machinery;

Electrical safety; andElectrical safety; and

Managing building work and alterations. Managing building work and alterations.

Security Measure against arson & Security Measure against arson & sabotagesabotage

Ensure physical security Ensure physical security

Ensure access control procedure Ensure access control procedure

Integrated manned, electronic systemIntegrated manned, electronic system

Background screening of the employees Background screening of the employees

The fire triangle

The fire triangle or combustion

triangle is a simple model for

understanding the ingredients

necessary for most fires.

The triangle illustrates a fire requires three elements: heat,

fuel, and an oxidizing agent (usually oxygen)

Without sufficient heat, a fire cannot begin, and it cannot continue.

Without fuel, a fire will stop.

Without sufficient oxygen, a fire cannot begin, and it cannot continue.

The fire tetrahedron is an addition to the fire

triangle. It adds the requirement for the

presence of the chemical reaction which is the

process of fire.

Extinguishing methods: To stop a combustion

reaction, one of the three elements of the fire-

triangle has to be removed:

Suppression of the Combustible Material (Fuel)

Suppression of the Activation Energy (Heat)

Suppression of the Oxidizer (oxygen)

Fuel Source Class of Fire Extinguishing Agent

Ordinary combustibles A Water; chemical foam; dry chemical powder(e.g. trash, wood, paper, cloth)

Flammable liquids B Carbon dioxide (CO2); dry chemical powder(e.g. oil, grease, tar, aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) gasoline, thinnerspaints Electricity C CO2; dry chemical powder(e.g. live electrical equipment)

Combustible metals D Dry powder (suitable for the specific(e.g. magnesium, combustible metal involved)titanium)

Combustible Cooking K Co2, Dry chemical powder (e.g. cooking oils; animal fats, vegetable fats)

Water can’t be used on certain type of fires such as Electrical fires, Hydrocarbon fires Metal fires , Fat fires .

Water: The most well-known and by far the

most used extinguishing agent. Water is

available almost everywhere, it is cheap, it cools

the best, it is extremely easy to handle and it is

completely safe.

Carbon dioxide: Carbon dioxide is a non-flammable

gas that takes away the oxygen element of the fire

triangle. Without oxygen, there is no fire.

CO2 is very cold as it comes out of the extinguisher,

so it cools the fuel as well

Foam: Foam was invented as a way to retain the

excellent extinguishing properties of water but

to eliminate its drawbacks

Dry Chemical Powder: Dry chemical extinguishers

put out fire by coating the fuel with a thin layer of

dust. This separates the fuel from the oxygen in

the air.

The powder also works to interrupt the chemical

reaction of fire.

Mono ammonium phosphate, sodium

bicarbonate, are commonly used as dry chemical

extinguishers

The stages of fire :

Stage 1:

Ignition - This is the only stage at which

a fire extinguisher can be used safely,

when the flame is relatively small

Stage 2: Stage 2:

Critical Critical - - Fire begins to engulf large Fire begins to engulf large

areas and a huge amount of areas and a huge amount of

extinguishing agent is required to put it extinguishing agent is required to put it

out. Only sophisticated sprinkler out. Only sophisticated sprinkler

systems will prove useful at this pointsystems will prove useful at this point

Stage 3: Stage 3:

Blaze Blaze - - By now the fire is out of control. It By now the fire is out of control. It

can only be put out with thousands of can only be put out with thousands of

liters of extinguishing agent. Only a fire liters of extinguishing agent. Only a fire

brigade might be able to tackle it. Not so brigade might be able to tackle it. Not so

much to put out the fire, but to prevent it much to put out the fire, but to prevent it

from spreading to neighboring properties.from spreading to neighboring properties.

What to do in case of fire ?

102

Call 102

What to do, if your clothing catches fire ?

How to escape from the smoke & How to prevent smoke from entering the room ?

Case Study of Some Case Study of Some Important Fire IncidentsImportant Fire Incidents

BSEC Building Fire, 26 Feb, 2007 Dead – 03, Injured - BSEC Building Fire, 26 Feb, 2007 Dead – 03, Injured - 5555

Some Devastating Fire Incident in Dhaka City

Bashundhara City Fire 13 March, 2009, Dead – 07, Injured Bashundhara City Fire 13 March, 2009, Dead – 07, Injured 3535

Some Devastating Fire Incident in Dhaka City

Classification of FireClassification of Fire

Class of Fire Description

A class Fire involving solid materials such as wood, paper or textiles.

B class Fire involving flammable liquids such as petrol, diesel or oils.

C class Fire involving gases.

D class Fire involving Metal.

K class Hot oil Fire

Fire Detection SystemFire Detection System

Smoke & Heat DetectorSmoke & Heat Detector

Break Glass StationBreak Glass Station

Fire panel boardFire panel board

Fire bellFire bell

Fire Protection SystemFire Protection System

Types of fire ExtinguisherTypes of fire Extinguisher

1) CO2 type 1) CO2 type

2) Dry chemical Powder type 2) Dry chemical Powder type

3) Foam Chemical3) Foam Chemical

4) Dry Powder4) Dry Powder

Prevent Safety Solutions www.preventbd.comPrevent Safety Solutions www.preventbd.com

Colour codeColour code

1) Water type 1) Water type (Red)(Red)

2) CO2 type 2) CO2 type (Black)(Black)

3) Dry chemical Powder type 3) Dry chemical Powder type (Blue)(Blue)

4) Foam Chemical 4) Foam Chemical (Cream)(Cream)

ExtinguishersExtinguishers

Water Type

CO 2 Type DCP Type Foam Type

Colour code standardization as per British Standard

FIRE EXTINGUISHERFIRE EXTINGUISHER

Dry Chemical PowderCO2

DRY CHEMICAL POWDER DRY CHEMICAL POWDER

STUCTURE: STUCTURE: It is made of mild steel It is made of mild steel Explosive pressure :7000 bar Explosive pressure :7000 bar Testing pressure :5000 bar Testing pressure :5000 bar Discharging duration:12- 15 Discharging duration:12- 15

Second. Second. Shooting range : 4.5 m.Shooting range : 4.5 m. Chemical: Chemical:

- Chellate powder 45%, - Chellate powder 45%,

- Bitumen 45 % and- Bitumen 45 % and

- Sodium strait 10%. - Sodium strait 10%. Fire Rating : 12-15 second.Fire Rating : 12-15 second.

CO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHERCO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER

STRUCTURE:STRUCTURE: It is made of mild steel.It is made of mild steel. Explosive pressure :7000 bar Explosive pressure :7000 bar Testing pressure :5000 bar Testing pressure :5000 bar Working pressure :14 barWorking pressure :14 bar Shooting range :4.5meterShooting range :4.5meter Discharging duration:12-15 SecondDischarging duration:12-15 Second Refilling heat and pressure:71.1 Refilling heat and pressure:71.1 Degree and 31.1 bar. Degree and 31.1 bar. Chemical: only Co2 gas. Chemical: only Co2 gas.

FIRE EXTINGUISHER FIRE EXTINGUISHER (CYLINDER)(CYLINDER)

DRY POWDER CHEMICALDRY POWDER CHEMICAL

MANOMETERMANOMETER

FIRE EXTINGUISHER VALVEFIRE EXTINGUISHER VALVE

TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERTYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERDRY CHEMICAL POWDERDRY CHEMICAL POWDER

METER TYPE ORDINARY

CONSTRACTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERCONSTRACTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER

CARTIDGE AND CYLINDER CHEMICAL POWDER

Fire Cart / Fire PointFire Cart / Fire PointFire Warden ShoesFire Warden ShoesSearch light Search light Helmet Helmet Breathing apparatusBreathing apparatusWhistle Whistle BlanketBlanketMusk Musk CutterCutterFire DressFire DressStretcher Stretcher FlagFlagFire Extinguisher Fire Extinguisher Water drum Water drum First Aid Box First Aid Box Fire HookFire Hook

Check list for Fire Extinguisher’s set-upCheck list for Fire Extinguisher’s set-up

Are the Extinguishers suitable for the purpose?Are the Extinguishers suitable for the purpose?

Are the Extinguishers visible or does their position need indicating?Are the Extinguishers visible or does their position need indicating?

Are their enough Extinguishers sited throughout the premises?Are their enough Extinguishers sited throughout the premises?

Are the right types of Extinguishers located closed to the fire Are the right types of Extinguishers located closed to the fire hazard?hazard?

Can the user get to them without exposing themselves to risk?Can the user get to them without exposing themselves to risk?

Have you taken steps to prevent the misuse of extinguishers?Have you taken steps to prevent the misuse of extinguishers?

Do you check the pressure?Do you check the pressure?

Are those who test & maintain the equipment competent to do so?Are those who test & maintain the equipment competent to do so?

Setting height-1 meter for (larger extinguisher) and 1.5 meter (for Setting height-1 meter for (larger extinguisher) and 1.5 meter (for smaller one) to the level of handlesmaller one) to the level of handle

Availability -1XDCP 6kg. For 90 square meter floor space & less Availability -1XDCP 6kg. For 90 square meter floor space & less than 30 meter travel distancethan 30 meter travel distance

• Communications• General employee’s action• Telephone operator’s action• CFW’s action • Fire warden’s action• Command post• Assemble Point

EMERGENCY PLANEMERGENCY PLAN

Fire Warden Fire Warden

Rescue Party

First AidParty

Fire Fighting Party

FW

Fire warden role in emergencyFire warden role in emergency

Fire fighting with the existing fire fighting equipment Fire fighting with the existing fire fighting equipment

Rescue & search Rescue & search

Sweeping of the premises Sweeping of the premises

Guidance on leave the building Guidance on leave the building

Shutting down vital or dangers equipment Shutting down vital or dangers equipment

First Aid First Aid

Liaising with the fire and rescue service on arrival Liaising with the fire and rescue service on arrival

Performing a supervisory/managing role. Performing a supervisory/managing role.

Taken the charge at the assemble area Taken the charge at the assemble area

Roll call Roll call

General Employee’sGeneral Employee’s actionaction ( (Do’s)Do’s)

Know / familiarize with your premises Know / familiarize with your premises Know / familiarize with your fire safety Know / familiarize with your fire safety facilities Remain calmfacilities Remain calmCall your emergency numberCall your emergency numberFeel every door before you open itFeel every door before you open itFollow the exit sign Follow the exit sign Leave building by the nearest exitLeave building by the nearest exitIf you trapped in smoke then crawlIf you trapped in smoke then crawl

Report to the assemble pointReport to the assemble pointUse stairUse stair

If your clothes catch If your clothes catch fire, stop, drop and rollfire, stop, drop and roll

Fire action (Fire action (Dont’s)Dont’s) General EmployeesGeneral Employees

Do not shout Do not shout Fire… Fire….Fire… Fire….

Do not waste time gathering Do not waste time gathering valuablesvaluablesDo not use elevator.Do not use elevator.

Do not enter a smoke filled area Do not enter a smoke filled area alone, or without protection.alone, or without protection.

Do not re enter until told it is safe Do not re enter until told it is safe to do soto do so

Chief fire warden’s role in general Chief fire warden’s role in general situationsituation

Prepare the fire emergency policyPrepare the fire emergency policy Discuss with the management & approval Discuss with the management & approval Prepare evacuation mapPrepare evacuation map Formation of fire warden Formation of fire warden Conduct specialized training for fire wardenConduct specialized training for fire warden Conduct basic fire fighting training for general employee’s Conduct basic fire fighting training for general employee’s Conduct periodical fire drill Conduct periodical fire drill Identify the fire hazards in the premises Identify the fire hazards in the premises Liaison with local fire brigade hospitals & law enforcement agencies Liaison with local fire brigade hospitals & law enforcement agencies Maintenance of fire equipmentsMaintenance of fire equipments Understanding the local fire safety law & it’s implementation Understanding the local fire safety law & it’s implementation

Fire warden duties in General Fire warden duties in General situation situation

Providing clear and relevant information to general employees Providing clear and relevant information to general employees

Inform non-employees, such as temporary or contract workers, Inform non-employees, such as temporary or contract workers, visitors about fire safety procedures visitors about fire safety procedures

Consider the presence of any dangerous substances Consider the presence of any dangerous substances

Establish suitable means of contacting fire serviceEstablish suitable means of contacting fire service

Provide appropriate training & instruction to general employeesProvide appropriate training & instruction to general employees

Maintenance of fire equipmentsMaintenance of fire equipments

Key role in fire drill Key role in fire drill

Keeping records Keeping records

How to Operate a Fire How to Operate a Fire ExtinguisherExtinguisher

1) 1) PP - Pull the safety lock or safety pin - Pull the safety lock or safety pin

2) 2) AA - Aim at the base of fire - Aim at the base of fire

3) 3) S S - Squeeze the handle - Squeeze the handle

4) 4) SS - Sweep the Hose Pipe - Sweep the Hose Pipe

How to Operate Fire Hose ReelsHow to Operate Fire Hose Reels

Use of Fire BlanketUse of Fire Blanket