1 1 Fire Pumps 101 Fire Pumps 101 2 Purpose Purpose • This session will cover basic pump design and pump application, review basic fire pump room design, and review NFPA 20 including new changes in 2003 along with existing code information. 3 Types of Fire Pumps Types of Fire Pumps Split Case Fire Pumps Inline Fire Pumps Vertical Turbine Fire Pumps
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Transcript
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Fire Pumps 101Fire Pumps 101
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PurposePurpose
• This session will cover basic pumpdesign and pump application, reviewbasic fire pump room design, andreview NFPA 20 including new changesin 2003 along with existing codeinformation.
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Types of Fire PumpsTypes of Fire Pumps
Split Case Fire Pumps Inline Fire Pumps Vertical Turbine Fire Pumps
The jockey pump or pressure maintenance pumpis intended to maintain the system pressure only.It is generally sized about 1% of the flow of themain fire pump. The jockey pump prevents themain fire pump from starting when small leaksfor packing drips occur throughout a system.The set pressure is generally 15 to 20 PSI abovethat of the main fire pump.
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Jockey PumpsJockey Pumps
Regenerative Turbine Pumps
Vertical Multi-stage
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Fire Pump SystemFire Pump System
ComponentsComponentsElectric Fire Pumps
• Pump, base, coupling & guard• Electric motor• Controller - motor• Suction and discharge gauges• Automatic air release valve• Casing relief valve
UL lists and approves equipment forfire pump service
UL witnesses testing of fire pumps forspecific flow rates
Follow-up audits
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Factory MutualFactory Mutual
Factory Mutual is an insurer in addition tobeing an approval agency.
Factory Mutual approves and tests all typesof fire pump and fire system equipment.
Factory Mutual also approves installation &design of fire pump and fire protectionsystems. This a requirement on an FMinsured project.
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Some commonSome common
regulations that shaperegulations that shape
what we all do.what we all do.
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Performance CriteriaPerformance CriteriaFire pumps shall have the following rated capacities inGPM, and net pressures of 40 PSI or more. Found intable 5.8.2 of NFPA 20
25 GPM 400 GPM 2000 GPM
50 GPM 450 GPM 2500 GPM
100 GPM 500 GPM 3000 GPM
150 GPM 750 GPM 3500 GPM
200 GPM 1000 GPM 4000 GPM
250 GPM 1250 GPM 4500 GPM
300 GPM 1500 GPM 5000 GPM
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Performance CriteriaPerformance Criteria
Factory and Field Performance6.2.1 & 2 NFPA 20
Pumps shall furnish not less than 150%of rated capacity at not less than 65% oftotal rated head. The shutoff head shallnot exceed 140% of rated head for anytype pump.
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Performance CriteriaPerformance Criteria
Shutoff Head Design Point 150% Point
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Performance CriteriaPerformance Criteria
Each fire pump is hydrostatically tested at:
1.5 x Sum of pump’s + Maximum allowable shutoff head suction head
(but in no case less than 250 psi)
Each pump is tested to determine maximumhorsepower requirements.
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AHJAHJ
Some decisions are left up to the AuthorityHaving Jurisdiction. In most instances, thisis either the State Fire Marshall, or the FireChief at the Local Fire Department. Lowsuction cutoff panels, limited service firepump controllers, and suction regulatingvalves are some examples of itemscommonly regulated by the AHJ.
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Important changesImportant changes
contained in the 2003contained in the 2003
edition of NFPA 20edition of NFPA 20
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Changes in theChanges in the
publication itself.publication itself.• In 2003, NFPA changed to an
international format, which changedthe chapters throughout the standard.
• 2003 was also the first year that thefour year cycle was used.
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Section 10.5.5 Section 10.5.5
• Variable Speed Pressure LimitingControl.– Only two requirements were listed.
1. The equipment be listed for fire service.2. If the unit failed, the pump would run atfull speed.
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Sections 5.18.1.1,Sections 5.18.1.1,
5.7.4.1 & 5.7.4.25.7.4.1 & 5.7.4.2• Relief Valves for Centrifugal Pumps
– Required?– Not Required?– Rules that govern?– A new requirement!
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Section 5.18.1.3Section 5.18.1.3
• ???
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Section 5.18.1.3Section 5.18.1.3
• Where a variable speed pressurelimiting control driver is installed, apressure relief valve shall be installed.
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Section 11.2.4.13Section 11.2.4.13
• Electronic Fuel Management Control– Engines that incorporate an electronic
control module (ECM) to accomplish andcontrol the fuel injection process shallhave an alternate ECM permanentlymounted and wired so the engine canproduce its full rated power output in theevent of a failure of the primary ECM.
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Section 10.5.2.1.6 (E)Section 10.5.2.1.6 (E)
• A listed pressure recording device shallbe installed to sense and record thepressure in each fire pump controllerpressure sensing line at the input to thecontroller.
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Section 10.8.2.1.5Section 10.8.2.1.5
• Where the alternate source is suppliedby a generator whose capacity exceeds225 % of the fire pump motor’s ratedfull load current, the controller shall beequipped with the alternate side circuitbreaker and isolating switch inaccordance with 10.8.2.1.3
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Section 10.1.2.7Section 10.1.2.7
• State of Readiness– The controller shall be in a fully functional
state within 10 seconds upon applicationof ac power.
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Section 5.12.1.1Section 5.12.1.1
• Equipment protection.– Indoor fire pump units shall be physically
separated or protected by fire ratedconstruction in accordance with Table5.12.1.1
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Table 5.12.1.1Table 5.12.1.1
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Section 10.3.4.4Section 10.3.4.4
• Means shall be provided on theexterior of the controller to read all linecurrents and all line voltages withinplus or minus 5% of full scale.
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Some New, Some Old,Some New, Some Old,
Often Missed ItemsOften Missed Items
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Section 14.2.3Section 14.2.3
• States that all electrical wiring to thefire pump motor, including controlinter wiring, normal power supply,alternate power supply whereprovided, and jockey pump, shall becompleted and checked by theelectrical contractor prior to the initialstartup and acceptance test.
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Section 11.3.2.4.3.1Section 11.3.2.4.3.1
• For radiator cooled engines, theradiator discharge shall be ductedoutdoors in a manner that will preventrecirculation.
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How many manual andHow many manual and
automatic starts areautomatic starts are
required by code at therequired by code at the
field acceptance test?field acceptance test?
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Section 14.2.8.2Section 14.2.8.2
• As a minimum, no fewer than sixautomatic and six manual operationsshall be performed during theacceptance test.
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Section 14.2.8.3Section 14.2.8.3
• A fire pump driver shall be operatedfor a period of at least five minutes atfull speed during each of theoperations required in 14.2.7 (which isthe field acceptance test)
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Section 14.1.3Section 14.1.3
• The installing contractor shall furnish acertificate for flushing and hydrostatictest prior to the start of the fire pumpfield acceptance test.
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Section A.5.24Section A.5.24
• In part – A jockey pump should besized to make up the allowable leakagerate within 10 minutes or 3.8L/min (1GPM), whichever is larger.