Finland

Joanna Rajska

FINLAND

FINLAND

FINLAND

HISTORY

GEOGRAPHY

INTERESTING FACTSBACKGROUNDS

SOCIAL ASPECTS

BACKGROUND

FINLAND

Finland or the Republic of Finland (in Finnish Suomen Tasavalta)

Is a country of thousand lakes, which is located in Northern Europe. After the collapse

of tsarist rule in Russia, which had a busy place in 1917,Finladnia became an independent

state.

SYMBOLSBLUE – the numerous likesWHITE – the snow country Coat of arms approved in 1978

SYMBOLS

NATIONAL ANTHEM

Maamme (Fín. our country)

The national anthem of Finland. The original text of the hymn was

written in Swedish by JL Runeberg, considered by the Finnish national

poet.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xkbS_X-mVSs

LANGUAGEOfficial language(s):

Finnish Swedish

Recognised regional languages: Saami

SYMBOLS

National symbol of Finnish Sauna

Sauna plays a special role in the life of Finns. Usually resides in it with family or friends, but also a more casual work may be there. The country is more than 2 million saunas, while the Finns themselves are about 5.2 million.

GEOGRAPHY

A country in Northern Europe, Member of the European Union.

It is bordered:• To the west of Sweden,• To the north of Norway • To the east with Russia. From the west, also has access to the Baltic Sea.

GEOGRAPHY

Area of the Finland 338 145 km² Capital: HELSINKI

GEOGRAPHY

LAPLAND

Rovaniemi - the main seat of "Santa Claus".

THE NORTHEN LIGHTS

The northern lights (lat. aurora borealis )

in Finland called Northern Light or Revontulet. This phenomenon is

present in areas above the Arctic Circle, which is also

in northern Finland

HISTORYINDEPENDENCE OF FINLAND

The explosion in 1914, World War I, Finland came under German occupation, but as early as 6 December 1917 the Finnish parliament proclaimed independence. A year

later, the country took a civil war, and the Finnish government was created under the patronage of Soviet Russia. July 17, 1919 was

signed the Constitution of Finland, which consequently became a republic, and

its first president was Kaarlo JuhoStahlberg. In 1920 Finland became a member of the League of Nations, which

granted the Aland Islands. In 1922 he concluded a deal With Polish, Estonia and Latvia.

HISTORY

WARS IN XX CENTURYIn the years 1938-1940 in Finland lasted ”Winter War”, brought by the Soviet Union. In 1940, the country Released for the price of the land of peace and maintain independence. June 25, 1941 once again broke outwar between the USSR and Finland, and at the end of the year Britain declared war on Finland. September 19, 1944 a truce was concluded with the Soviet Union and Great Britain.

HISTORYFinnish soldier with erkaemem Lahti-Saloranta M-26

Road Raat - the place greatest victory Finns, in whom the 44 Divisionwas broken

SOCIAL ASPECTS

SOCIOLOGICAL OVERVIEW

Finland's population is currently 5,350,156

people.

The average population density is

17 inhabitants per square kilometer –

the least populated country in Europe after

Norway and Iceland.

SOCIOLOGICAL OVERVIEW

• The southern part of the country has always been more densely populated than the northern. This disparity increased with the urbanization of Finland in the twentieth century.

• The biggest cities of Finland is Helsinki, Espoo and Vantaa. Other large cities are significant Tampere, Turku and Oulu.

• The percentage of foreigners in Finland reaches 2.5% and the lowest in the European Union. Foreigners are mostly citizens of Russia, Estonia and Sweden.

SOCIOLOGICAL OVERVIEW

Ethnic groups (2006)

• Finn 93.4%, • Sweede 5.6%• Russian 0.5%• Estonian 0.3%• Romani 0.1%• Sami 0.1%

RELIGION

From 1923 the Finnish constitution guarantees

religious freedom. Finnish Evangelical Lutheran

Church and the Finnish Orthodox Church have the

status of national churches. Thanks to special

privileges, the people pay their taxes in the amount of

1% or 2% of revenue, of which these churches then

fund charitable activities.

RELIGION

Religia w Finlandii

Rok Ewangelicko-Luterański Kościół Finlandii

Fiński Kościół Prawosławny

Inne Ateizm

1950 95.7% 1.7% 0.4% 2.7%

1980 90.3% 1.1% 0.7% 7.8%

1990 87.9% 1.1% 0.9% 10.2%

2000 85.1% 1.1% 1.1% 12.7%

2005 83.1% 1.1% 1.1% 14.7%

2006 82.5% 1.1% 1.2% 15.1%

2007 81.8% 1.1% 1.2% 15.9%

2008 80.7% 1.1% 1.3% 16.9%

2009 79.9% 1.1% 1.3% 17,7%

ECONOMY

• Welfare state and private property, but high taxes, which funds

the research, education, health.

• Finland is in second place (behind Luxembourg) among euro

area countries, as a country with the lowest GDP deficit in

2009. Finland deficit amounted to 2.2% of GDP. At the same

time limit is 3%. Thus, only two euro area countries -

Luxembourg and Finland - met one of the main criteria for

membership of monetary union.

POLITICS

Parliamentary republic

- President: Sauli Niinistö (NCP)

- Prime Minister: Jyrki Katainen (NCP)

- Speaker of the Parliament:

Eero Heinäluoma (SDP)

EDUCATION

In Finland, illiteracy does

not actually exist, a number

of published papers and

books per capita among

the highest in the world.

Students in Finland seem to be the only ones in the world who not only

achieve excellent results in science, but also love to walk to school. A particular

phenomenon is unprecedented momentum reading elsewhere. Are also high

investment in education, constituting 7% of gross national income.

EDUCATIONIn recent studies, PISA (Project for International Student Assessment), conducted by the OECD, Finnish students

in all areas except mathematics, where the others were, took first place in the world.

Finnish education system was reformed in the early seventies with the German model, which was deemed

inefficient. Almost all schools in Finland are state schools, and for non-state

schools do not pay because they state finances. Also, all universities are public, some of the existing universities are nationalized universities, which had

been in private hands.

EDUCATION

Universities in Finland are Helsinki, Turku, Tampere,

Kuopio, Oulu, Jyväskylä, Joensuu, Rovaniemi and

Vaasa.

The first university in Finland was founded in 1640 in

Turku, in 1828 years it was moved to Helsinki.

http://finlandia.2taj.net/Edukacja

EDUCATION

In Finland, there is also widely developed system

of adult education, active and learning in the

evenings. This is a very popular activity. Every

year in courses for adults involved 1.4 million

from five million Finns.

CULTURA

• Joik a kind of Scandinavian folk music, and actually a type of folk singing Sami, the Nordic Saami.

• HIM - one of the most popular in the last and this century bands

• MUMINKI - Tove Jansson

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT FINLAND

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT FINLAND

• In Finland, there is a long tradition of maintaining gender equality. Participation of women in politics and public life is always well seen here. Finland was the first country that granted women the right to vote (1906). A year later, 9% of the parliament were women. Currently there are about one-third.

• While women work alongside men in business, industry and government, their wages amount to only 81% of male earnings in the same positions. Despite the professional duties, must often also the same care of the house and children.

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT FINLAND

• The Finns are important scientific and professional titles, which should be used in more formal circumstances. It is also important to return to the caller in the second person plural. Speaking on behalf of itself is seen as a sign of great intimacy.

• The customary greeting is made up of a handshake and direct gaze into the eyes, but rarely with the kissing and cuddling. Condescending treatment of women is frowned upon.

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT FINLAND

• Finnish national character is often described as a combination of Germanic diligence with Slavic melancholy. Finns are known for their directness and stubbornness (in Finnish, such an attitude is the 'sisu')

• In today Finland there is a respect for equality, liberalism and commitment to the welfare state, which is alien to the division of social classes. Important factor is the Protestant work ethic and belief in the importance of universal education.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• http://www.finlandia.edu.pl• http://finlandia.2taj.net• http://finlandia.lovetotravel.pl/

ciekawostki_o_finlandii• http://helsinki.trade.gov.pl

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION