finals of seminar of blue ray

7/28/2019 finals of seminar of blue ray

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SEMINAR

on

BRAIN COMPUTER INTERFACE

Submitted b :www.powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com
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CONTENTS

1.OVERVIEW

2.WHAT IS BCI?

3.MAJOR COMPONENTS OF BCI

4.TYPES OF BCI

5.WHY BCI.?

6.BCI APPLICATIONS

7.BCI DISCIPLINE

8.PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

9.ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES

10.FUTURE WORK


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OVERVIEW

A direct technological interfacebetween a brain and a computer

Theoretical backgroundAbout 100 billions of neurons

Each has thousands of connections

Brain is connected to sensors andactuators

Body organs

Brain

X2

...

F(Xi)i=1..n

Neuron

Y


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WHAT IS BCI?

BCIs read electrical signals or other manifestations ofbrain activity and translate them into a digital form

that computers can understand, process, and convertinto actions of some kind, such as moving a cursor or

turning on a TV.

BCI can help people with inabilities to controlcomputers, wheelchairs, televisions, or other devices

with brain activity.


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MAJOR COMPONENTS OF BCI

Ways of measuring neural signals from the humanbrain

Methods and algorithms for decoding brainstates/intentions from these signals

Methodology and algorithms for mapping thedecoded brain activity to intended behavior or action


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TYPES OF BCIs

Invasive techniques, which implant electrodesdirectly onto a patients brain

Electrode implantsChip implants

Noninvasive techniques, in which medical scanningdevices or sensors mounted on caps or headbands

read brain signals

Output: EEG, MEG, fMRI


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WHY BCI?

BCI is a new neuroscience paradigm that might helpus better understand how the human brain works

BCI research allows us to develop a new class ofbioengineering control devices and robots

BCI hold promise for rehabilitation and improvingperformance

BCI can expand possibilities for advanced humancomputer interfaces (HCIs)


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HOW BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACES WORK


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PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION


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WHAT IS AN EEG?

An electroencephalogramis a measure of the brain'svoltage fluctuations as detected from scalp electrodes.

It is an approximation of the cumulative electricalactivity of neurons.

EEG measures the electrical activity of the brain with

multiple electrodes placed on the scalp

It is portable and relative inexpensive that is why most

noninvasive BCIs are presently based on EEG.


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PHYSICAL MECHANISMAS

EEGs require electrodes attached

to the scalp with sticky gel

Require physical connection to themachine


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Enabling disabled peopleoVision and hearing

oParalysis treatment

oProsthetic devices (legs, hands etc)

PsychotherapyoDiagnostics

oTreatment

Military and civil researchoMaking dangerous jobs

BCI APPLICATIONS


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BCI APPLICATIONS CONTooProvide a means of communication to

completeley

paralysed patients

oSurgically implanted devices used as

replacement

for paralysed patients

oAllow patients to control a computer by concious

changes of brain activity


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BCIs will help creating a Direct communication between ahuman or animal brain and computers.

Techniques like EEG,MEG and neurochips have come intodiscussions since the BCI application have started developing

This has provided a new work area for scientists andresearchers

around the world.

Also it provides better living, more features, moreadvancement

ADVANTAGES


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Have a very low data rate, typical a few bit persecond or

less

High Precision (can be used reliably)

Low bandwidth

ADVANTAGES CONT


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In case of Invasive BCI there is a risk of formationuse scar tissue

There is a need of extensive training before usercan usetechniques like EEG

BCI techniques still require much enhancementbeforethey can be used by users as they are slow

BCI techniques are costly.

DISADVANTAGE

S


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FUTURE WORK

Improving physical methods for gathering EEGs

Improving generalization

Improving knowledge of how to interpret waves


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Thanks For Your Time.

Any Questions.?

finals of seminar of blue ray

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