Final_Presentation_1..

1. Dissertation Defense Presentation Topic: A study of functional architecture of the Internet Protocol-Television (IPTV) and VLSI realization of streaming server controller Committee Members: Presented by: Dr. Subbarao V. Wunnava (Major Advisor) Vivekananda Jayaram Dr. Jean Andrian Date: Nov 13, 2007 Dr. Tadeusz Babij Dr. Shih-Ming Lee

Research Problem

Methodology

IPTV Architecture

Protocols

Audio and Video Compressions

Transmitters and Receivers

VLSI Realization

Results

Contributions

Discussions

Summary

IPTV is fast competing with the broadcast television, and not much information is available; as such to study the scope and maturity of the IPTV in the present times

Toinvestigatethe functional architecture of the IPTV system

To design,simulate, and implementa Very Large ScaleIntegration (VLSI) based system for Streaming Server Controller (SSC), an integral part of the IPTV system

To study and investigate different ways of hosting a web serverwhich models the SSC

To implement a functional SSC model on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) module, which can generate the needed timing and control signals for the IPTV functioning

To scale the VLSI designs for applicability into an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) Micro Chip

Investigated the IPTV configurations in Europe, Asia, and United States, and formulated the common platform for the IPTV architecture

Investigated the appropriate protocols suites which can be used with the IPTV transmission and identified the pros and cons regarding the reliability and security of transmission

Investigated the Computer Communication networking schemes with specific reference to the IPTV

TCP platform Acknowledgement, security

UDP platform Open end, fast

Investigated the VLSI design platforms from the Mentor Graphics and Xilinx corporations, for possible implementation of the IPTV controllers

Investigated the Windows, Linux, and UNIX platforms, with specific requirements of developing the VLSI IPTV SSC functional system

Investigated different streaming media platforms available and identified the limitations which need to be addressed in the present controller development

Xilinx University Program FPGA board Virtex II Pro XCV2VP30 is used as a target board to implement the streaming server controller module

Web server is hosted on a PowerPC processor embedded in the XCV2VP30 FPGA.

16-bit unsigned Port Numbers

(1-65535 )

Well known

Registered

Dynamic/Private

FTP: 21

SSH: 23

TELNET: 23

SMTP: 25

HTTP : 80

Small transport layer designed on top of IP

Time-sensitive applications often use UDP

Its stateless nature is also useful for servers that answer small queries from huge numbers of clients.

It supports packet broadcast (sending to all on local network) and multicasting (send to all subscribers).

Live Video

Stored Video (VOD)

Video Broadcast

NTSC - 1941 30 Frames/Sec, 525 scanlines per frame, odd (upper) fields drawn first, even (lower) fields later

PAL 25 Frames/Sec, 625 scan lines per frame

US television stations are scheduled to switch to digital output

In 1996, US Congress had declared December 2006 to be the switchover date

Later extended to February 2009

From March 2007, all TVs have Digital or HDTV Tuner

ATSC Zenith developed 8-VSB (8 way QAM), Digital data stream of about 19.2 Mbit/s,

DVB-T CodedOFDM, 8000 independent carriers, immunity from multipath interference, data rates from 4 MBit/s up to 24 MBit/s

DVB-S 1995, MPEG-2,F orward error coding and modulation standard for satellite television , serves every continent, used in direct broadcast satellite services like sky Digital (UK), Astra (Europe), Dish Network (U.S), and Bell ExpressVu (Canada)

DVB-C -Cable, DVB European Standard for digital television over cable, transmits an MPEG-2 family digital audio/video stream, using a QAM with channel coding.

ISDB Japan, Differs mainly in the modulations used, due to the requirements of different frequency bands.

2 GHz band ISDB-S - PSK modulation

2.6 GHz band digital sound broadcasting CDM

ISDB-T (in VHF and/or UHF band) uses COFDM with PSK/QAM.

Digital channels take up less bandwidth

Digital broadcasters can provide more digital channels in the same space

Provide High-definition television service, or provide other non-television services such as multimedia or interactivity.

DTV also permits special services such as multiplexing

more than one program on the same channel

electronic program guides

additional languages ( spoken or subtitled )

DTV picture technology is still in its early stages.

DTV images have some picture defects that are not present on analog television or motion picture cinema, due to present-day limitations of bandwidth and compression algorithms such as MPEG-2.

When a compressed digital image is compared with the original program source, some hard-to-compress image sequences may have digital distortion or degradation.

For example:

Quantization noise

Incorrect color

Blockiness

Blurred, shimmering haze

IP is a digital platform

Analog television when converted into digital format produces continuous stream of digital bits

IPTV service involves heavy amount of transmission of television signals

LAN is capable of 10 to 100 Mbps

HDTV frame of 1920x1080 pixels, computer takes over 2 million operations to read from memory and transfer to video output buffer

Storage, transmission and processing problem

AVI FourCC, M-JPEG, DivX, RIFF, MS

WMV MS, SMPTE, WMV-9, VC-1, ASF

MPEG-1 Sampling dimensions (4095 x 4095 x 60) FPS

MPEG-2 Bit stream, Multiplexed, DVB, FCC Compliant

MEG-4 Interactive, Virtual Reality, Simulations, Multi viewpoint Training

H.264 MPEG-4 Part-10, AVC, RTP, 4 hrs Video DVD

Downloading

Streaming

HTTP Streaming

Streaming Server

Of the several platforms studied and investigated, the following standout:

Helix Universal Server from Real Networks

QuickTime Streaming Server from Apple

Flash Media Server 2 from Macromedia

TCP/IP streaming

AVI/ASF

Reliable connection, guarantees packet delivery, Resend packet

Not efficient for live streaming, congested networks

Two-way communication

(streaming deviceclient and clientstreaming device).

UDP streaming

Stream live data

No guarantee of packet delivery

Less overhead and better throughput than TCP/IP

Commonly used to send MPEG2 transport data

One-way communication

(streaming deviceclient).

Extended Storage, Video Compression, Digital Encoders

Buffer Memory

Exchange Servers

Electronics for bit coding

Error Detection & Correction for Video frames

MPEG-2 with DVD level video encoding at 6 Mbps, MPEG-4 with HDV encoding at 10 MBPS

QOS depends on efficiency and fault tolerance

To store 10 sec video = 100Mbps = 12.5MB ;For 100 Channels,buffer size = 1.25 GB

Capability to add the channel numbers andsequence numbers for the packets, fault correction schemes.

Streaming server Controller

Determine requirements

Write Specifications

Synthesis and Verification

FPGA Implementation

Test development

ASIC Specifications

MOSIS Fabrication

Manufacturing Test

ASIC Chips

Altera

Cadence

Mentor Graphics

Quick Logic

Symphony

Synopsis

Synplicity

Xilinx

In a single device, we get,

Advanced logic

Performance

Density

Memory

IBM 400 MHz PowerPC processors

622 Mbps to 6.25 Gbps full duplex serial transceivers.

Superior Programmable Logic Architecture

Built on a 130 nm, 9-layer copper process technology

3K to 99K logic cells

Up to 44418X18 embedded multipliers

400+ MHz clock rates

Higher performance and lower power consumption than earlier generation technologies

VHDL is a language for describing digital electronic systems.

It arose out of the United States Governments Very High Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program, initiated in 1980.

Hardware Description Language (VHDL) was developed, and subsequently adopted as a standard by the IEEE in the US.

Embedded 400 MHz, RISC core

(32-bit Harvard architecture)

5-stage data path pipeline

Hardware multiply and divide

32 x 32-bit general-purpose registers

16 KB 2-way set-associative instruction and data caches

Memory Management Unit (MMU) enables RTOS implementation

Debug and trace support

Timer facilities

Depending on the debugging tools, different designs are required in RTL

Using Generic I/O pins to access PowerPC JTAG Debug Ports

Each PowerPC has dedicated I/O pins and a JTAG chain

Select "Single Device" in theSingleStepJTAG and Register settings.

Sharing FPGA JTAG Pins

Connect all PPC JTAG pins into one chain

64KB DATA

64KB INSTRUCTION

512MB EXTERNAL RAM

On-Chip Peripheral Bus

Processor Local bus

10/100 Ethernet MAC

IEEE Std. 802.3 specification

64-bit PLB master and

slave interfaces.

DMA capabilities

Low processor and bus utilization

Media Independent Interface (MII)

For connection to external 10/100 Mbps PHY transceivers

Independent internal TX and RX FIFOs (2K - 32K)

Evaluation version available in EDK

-- Entering main()

Running XEmacPolledExample() for Ethernet_MAC...

XEmacPolledExample PASSED

Exiting main()

Starting Up!!

ETH_HW_ADDR:00:00:0A:F0:D2:CE

Input your IP address(such as 192.168.0.3), hit enter to finish:131.94.119.44

Are you sure this IP address is correct?(y/n)y

Reseting PHY

ip: 131.94.119.44

Socket created, bound, and listening. Accepting connections

Add Web Conn, socket: 1

XILSOCK_TCP_DATA

Processing Request...

File name given

Send on socket: 1

done..

XILSOCK_TCP_ACK

Synthesis Options Summary:(Optimization Goal :speed )

Design Statistics

#IOs: 36

#GND: 16

#INV: 146

#LUT: 3567

#MUXCY: 681

#MUXF5: 225

#XORCY: 509

#FlipFlops/Latches: 3779

# RAMS: 164

#RAM16X1D: 128

#RAMB16_S2_S2: 32

#RAMB16_S36_S36: 4

# Shift Registers: 274

# Clock Buffers: 5

# IO Buffers: 34

#DCMs: 1

#JTAGPPC: 1

#PPC405: 2

Selected Device :2vp30ff896-7

Number of errors:0(0 filtered)

Number of warnings:10(0 filtered)

Number of infos:31(0 filtered)

Number of occupied Slices:3,463 out of13,69625%

Number of Slices containing only related logic:3,463out of3,463100%

Number of Slices containing unrelated logic:0out of3,4630%

Total Number 4 input LUTs:4,417out of27,39216%

Number used as logic:3,664

Number used as a route-thru:235

Number used for Dual Port RAMs:246

(Two LUTs used per Dual Port RAM)

Number used as Shift registers:272

Number of bonded IOBs:36out of5566%

Additional JTAG gate count for IOBs:1,728

Peak Memory Usage:283 MB

Total memory usage is239732 kilobytes

Total equivalent gate count for design:2,469,744

Minimum period: 9.358ns

Maximum frequency:106.860MHz

Maximum path delay from/to any node:5.372ns

Maximum net skew:0.794ns

Peak Memory Usage:283 MB

Total equivalent gate count for design:2,469,744

HTTP Streaming pics

COST TO INSTALL TV SERVICE OVER A PHONE LINE

1998 - $3,000+ per home 2003 - $800+ per home

2007 - $150+ per home

U.S. TELCOS OFFERING TV OVER PHONE LINE

2000 -under 10 2002 -45

2007 -230

AMERICANS GETTING PHONE SERVICE OVER CABLE LINES

1999 - Under 200,000 2002 - 2.5 million

2007 - 9.6 million

Triple-play subscriptions to grow by 52% in 2007

Global triple-play subscriptions are projected to grow by a whopping 52% in 2007, to over 34 million

84% of UK Internet users have broadband

Some 15.2 million UK households (61% of homes) now have an internet connection,

58% of US households do not have access to broadband

In the United States, 58% of American homes (representing about 120 million adults)

nowTV, Broadband TV in Hong Kong, Q4 2003

Fastweb in Italy

MaLigne TV operated by France Telecom in France,Q4 2003

Media on Demand (MOD) in the Republic of China, operated by Chunghwa Telecom

Kingston Interactive Television, UK October 1999

Imagenio, operated by Telefonica in Spain

Yahoo! BB / Softbank in Japan

SuperSun in Hong Kong,Q3 2005

Homechoice in the United Kingdom

Sasktel Max in Saskatchewan

Magnet Networks in Dublin, Ireland

Interactivity between and service provider

Triple Play

Audio,Data,Video

Network based Personal Video Recording

(NPVR)

Increase revenues(Advertisement..! )

Offer new services

E-Commerce, Tele-Education, Tele-Medicine

Improve customer satisfaction

Functional configurations ofthe IPTV among different countries have been studied and a common architecture has been identified, for standardized IPTV controller development

Limitations of the existing IPTV protocols have been identified, especially for theSOC and the VLSI implementations;Need for new protocol is being identified ( IGMP, H.264Improvement)

The present research work shows clearly that theHTTP Streamingfor the IPTV is more cost effective than the other methods;Needed data compression issues are also clearly identified for the efficiency of transmission of the IPTV with out retransmissions

Streaming server controllerimplementation has been carried out and methods identified for further enhancements, especially when standardizations of new protocols are done

High speed Ethernet Connectivity has been performed for web-server with further enhancements

PowerPC usage in FPGAmodule background has been clearly identified so the users will have a choice between the Pentium type of processor and Power PC type processor

System implementationspeed over 100 Mhzhas been obtained, with appropriate optimization of the HDL coding, and FPGA implementation, with modifications suggested for further improvements

Identification ofIssues in Global Deploymentof the IPTV has been done, which will help the standardization process for the IPTV protocol suites

Encoding and Compression

Jitter

Bandwidth Limitation

Proper Standards(H.264)

Information Security

Intruder Protection

Cost Effectiveness

Government

Support the initiatives

Put laws in place if needed to allow for competition with the cable providers

Regulators

Do not regulate IPTV as if it were cable television

Help make it happen, dont destroy it

Telcos

Experiment Dare!

Dont settle for simple services (Video to the PC;VoD; etc)

Your customers are waiting

Major telecom operators:

AT&T Corporation, BellSouth Corporation, SBC Communications, Sprint Corporation, Qwest Communications, Verizon Communications, and MCI (WorldCom)

Mobile operators:

Alltel Corporation, Cingular Wireless, Sprint Nextel Corporation, T-Mobile USA, US Cellular Corporation, and Verizon Wireless.

Leading broadband ISPs include:

Comcast, Time Warner, AT&T, SBC Communications, Verizon, BellSouth, and Qwest.

ATT broke up in 1984

US had 8 regional telcos

Mergers made 4 big telcos

Verizon

Bellsouth

One of the signal facts of the communications revolution is that virtually all the new technologies that made it possible were developed outside the phone world.

Revenue (2006) Research:

Verizon's ~ $80 billion "research" doesn't even appear in annual report

AT&T~ $44 billion $130 million

Intel $5.1 billion

IP/TV & Technology

Video Encoding Formats

VLSI Implementation

Statistics

Available Tools for Implementation

FPGA board:Xilinx Virtex II Pro

S.V. Wunnava, V. Jayaram, IPTV Has Become a Global Reality and Has improved Quality of Service, International Engineering Consortium - Delivering the Promise of IPTV, Apr. 2006

V.Jayaram, S.Wunnava, "Functional Microcontroller Design and Implementation", Fourth LACCET, Mayagez, Puerto Rico, 21-23 June 2006

J.Montenegro, V.Jayaram, S.Wunnava, "Modular HDL Designs are Efficient, and Reliable", Fourth LACCET, Mayagez, Puerto Rico, 21-23 June 2006

V.Jayaram, Student Jumpstart Manual on Mentor Environment Setup, Mentor Graphics International User Conference, San Jose, California, 14-15 Mar 2007

S.V. Wunnava, V. Jayaram, IPTV Has Become a Global Reality and Has improved Quality of Service, International Engineering Consortium - Delivering the Promise of IPTV, Apr. 2006

V.Jayaram, S.Wunnava, "Functional Microcontroller Design and Implementation", Fourth LACCET, Mayagez, Puerto Rico, 21-23 June 2006

J.Montenegro, V.Jayaram, S.Wunnava, "Modular HDL Designs are Efficient, and Reliable", Fourth LACCET, Mayagez, Puerto Rico, 21-23 June 2006

V.Jayaram, Student Jumpstart Manual on Mentor Environment Setup, Mentor Graphics International User Conference, San Jose, California, 14-15 Mar 2007

IPTV: Broadband meets Broadcast: The network television revolution, IPTV Report,www.iptv-report.comAugust 2005

D. Negru, A. Mehaoua, Y. Hadjadj-aoul, C. Berthelot, Dynamic bandwidth allocation for efficient support of concurrent digital TV and IP multicast services in DVB-T networks, Computer Communications, 2005

ETSI: Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB specification for data broadcasting, European Standard EN 301 192 V1.4.1 (2004-06).

Ramesh Jain, I want my IPTV, IEEE Multimedia, Sep. 2005

Savvas Papagiannidis, Joanna Berry, Feng Li, Well beyond streaming video: IPv6 and the next generation television, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, June 2005

Shu-Fen Tseng; Hsi-Chieh Lee; Te-Ching Kung; Shou-Lien Chou; Jing-Yi Chen, Deploying IPv6 ,Durand, A,, IEEE Internet Computing, Feb. 2001

Thanks

for the Attention

Final_Presentation_1..

Documents

iptv system

iptv transmission

iptv functioning

iptv configurations

iptv controllers

research problem iptv

vlsi design platforms

vlsi designs