9 Ij Department of Energy Nevada Operations Office P. 0. Box.14100 . , . _ Las Vegas, NV 89114-4100 : JUL A2:18 JUN 26 1986 Those on Attached List FINAL SUMMARY OF WORKSHOP ON FAULT-RELATED CALCITE-SILICA DEPOSITS NEAR YUCCA MOUNTAIN HELD ON APRIL 28, 1986 This letter transmits the final summary of the workshop on calcite-silica deposits held at Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) on April 28, 1986. Corrections, comments, and additions received via tele- phone conversations and letters have been incorporated into the enclosed text. Resolution of the remaining questions regarding the origin and regulatory implications of the calcite-silica deposits is a topic of great importance to the Nevada Nuclear Waste Storage Investigations (NNWSI) Project. An External Peer Review Meeting will be held in order to assess the work plans directly related to the calcite-silica deposits. This meeting will review the proposed work for scientific merit and pertinence to the regulatory guidelines. Please contact Steve Mattson, SAIC, FTS 575-1764, regarding plans for the External Peer Review Meeting. Maxwell B. Blanchard, Chief Regulatory and Site Evaluation Branch Waste Management Project Office WMPO MBB- 1490 Enclosure: As stated WM Record File SQc-- WM Project_ / t Docketto LPDR g7606( 1K (V) (*) 5279B-6626 - PDR WASTE WM-11 PDR /04'
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Final Summary of Workshop on Fault-related Calcite-silica ... · and Eimon, 1983, "Conceptual Models of Epithermal Precious Metal Deposits", in Cameron Volume on Unconventional Mineral
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9�Ij Department of EnergyNevada Operations Office
P. 0. Box.14100 . , . _Las Vegas, NV 89114-4100 :
JUL A2:18JUN 26 1986
Those on Attached List
FINAL SUMMARY OF WORKSHOP ON FAULT-RELATED CALCITE-SILICA DEPOSITS NEARYUCCA MOUNTAIN HELD ON APRIL 28, 1986
This letter transmits the final summary of the workshop on calcite-silicadeposits held at Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) onApril 28, 1986. Corrections, comments, and additions received via tele-phone conversations and letters have been incorporated into the enclosedtext.
Resolution of the remaining questions regarding the origin and regulatoryimplications of the calcite-silica deposits is a topic of great importanceto the Nevada Nuclear Waste Storage Investigations (NNWSI) Project. AnExternal Peer Review Meeting will be held in order to assess the work plansdirectly related to the calcite-silica deposits. This meeting will reviewthe proposed work for scientific merit and pertinence to the regulatoryguidelines.
Please contact Steve Mattson, SAIC, FTS 575-1764, regarding plans for theExternal Peer Review Meeting.
Maxwell B. Blanchard, ChiefRegulatory and Site Evaluation BranchWaste Management Project OfficeWMPO MBB- 1490
Enclosure:As stated
WM Record FileSQc--
WM Project_ / t
Docketto
LPDR
g7606( 1K(V) (*)5279B-6626 -
PDR WASTEWM-11 PDR /04'
FINAL SUMMARY OF DISCUSSIONS AT WORKSHOP ON CALCITE-SILICA nEPOSITS
APRIL 28, 1986
An attendance list for the workshop is presented in Enclosure 1. This meeting
builds upon the workshop on Calcite-Silica Deposits held on February 28, 1986.
Max Blanchard (DOE/I14PO) called the meeting to order. M¶ax stressed that the
purpose of the workshop is to decide what would be a good field program to
present to an outside peer review group. Max then turned the meeting over to
Steve rMattson (SAIC). A general agenda for the meeting was presented
(Enclosure 2).
Proposed investigation plans were submitted and presented by John Stuckless of
the USGS, Emily Taylor of the USGS, and Dave Vaniman of Los Alamos.
John Stuckless presented an overall outline of proposed investigative plans.
His presentation was divided into the following headings: statement of
Steve stated that the list would be left open for one week for any othersuggestions.
" .1 - ". � � L�, ..�i ,
. I il--40' ENCLOSURE 1
CALCITE-SILICA nEPOSITS WORKSHOPAPRIL 28, 1986
STEVE MATTSON
HEATHER HlICKINS
EMILY TAYLOR
SCHnN LEVY
DAVE VANIMAN
IIEL CLAMTON
JERRY SZYIANSKI
BILL IlJtLEY
JOHN STIJCKLESS
ROB RAlP
JOE n'LUGOSZKEN CZYSCINSKI
CHARLOTTE ARRAM4,S
LARRY MCKAGUE
KEVIN KNAIUSSHAROLD WOFFENBERG
CARL JOHNSON
MAURY t1ORGENSTE IN
LINDA LEHtlAN
CADY JOHNSON
TERRENCE GERLACH
TERRY GRANT
AUGUST MATTHlSEN
SAIC
F&S
IJSGS
LANL
LANL
nOEA/P4Po
DOE/wMPO
IJSGS
USGS
USGS
DOE /WMPO
WESTON
NRt .
LLPL /NRC
LLNL
LRL
STATE OF NEVADAnRI
STATE OF NEVADA
ORI
SANnIA
SAI C
SAIC
ENCLOSURE 1
CALCITE-SILICA nEPoSITS W-lORKSHOPAPRIL 28, 1986
STEVE MATTSON
HEATHER HIJCK INS
EMILY TAYLOR
SCHON LEVY
DAVE VANIMAN
IIEL CLANTON
JERRY SZYMANSKI
BILL DUDLEY
JOHN STUCKLESS
BOB RAUP
JOE O'LUGOSZ
KEN CZYSCINSKI
CHARLOTTE ARRAMS
LARRY MCKAGlJE
KEVIN KNAUJSS
HAROLD 1WOFFENBERG
CARL JOHNSON
MAURY MORGENSTEIN
LINDA LEHMAN
CADY JOHNSON
TERRENCE GERLACH
TERRY GRANT
AUGUST MATTHUSEN
SAIC
F&S
USGS
LANL
LANL
DOEA/W4PO
DOE/WMPO
USGS
USGS
USGS
nOE/WMPO
WESTON
NRC
LLNL/MRC
LLNL
LBLSTATE OF NEVADA
nRI
STATE OF NEVADA
DRI
SANnIA
SAIC
SAIC
FTS 575-1764
295-6519
776-1141
843-950d
843-1165
575-1589
575-1503
776-4921
776-7896
776-1273
575-1862
301 963-5213427-4390
532-6494
532-1372
451-5344
702 885-3744
702 798-8S82
612 gq4-n357
702 798-8882
844-5929
575-0067
575-1409
...vNeft ..
ENCLOSURE 2
EXAMPLE OF FORMAT
PRIORITIZED LIST
RANKING1 - 10tHigh- Low)
ACTIVITY OBJECTIVESTIME FRAMI
6M0-1YR 1YR-3YI
1 Complete field mapping.Petrologic informationon excavations andother field occurencesalready started.
Literature review ofpossible analogdeposits.
Details of occurrence,mineralogy, field setting,paragenesis, and distri-bution and extent ofdeposits, etc.
Literature review ofdeposits with known originswith those occurring at YuccaMtn. for comparative purposes,etc.
3
3 Analog deposits: knownhydrothermal and pedogenicdeposits for comparativepurposes.
a) Trace elements (REE)
b) Isotopic studies
Determination of trace elementsfrom known deposits for comparativepurposes. Can known or determineddistribution coefficients accountfor trace elements characteristicsfound in the minerals or whole rocksfound at Yucca Mountain, etc.
Determination of stable isotopes(O,C,H) in analog deposits and YuccaMtn. in order to characterize thedeposits for known processesLocalities for study are OasisValley, Wahmonle, and Yellowstone,etc.
2
Investigations ofpossible spring depositsnear Yucca Mountain.
1 a) Field characteristics
b) Trace elements
To provide information and samplesin order to compare these depositsto Yucca Mtn and analog deposits,etc.
Determination of trace elements onminerals and whole rocks in order tocompare these deposits with those ofYucca Mtn and analog deposits, etc.
2
2 c) Isotope characteristics (O,H,C,Sr, etc.) as describedunder analog deposits. ETA.
p -;-
ENCLOSURE 2.
EDOGENIC
METEORIC
CALCITE-SILICA DEEPER INFILTRATION
DEPOSITS AND PERCOLATION THATPRECIPITATES THEDEPOSITS
1. Determine vert i ca 1 extent ofcalcite-silica deposit.
2. Investigatemineralogic
chemical. isotopic* andchanges with depth.
(
U k. flPAinVENV W 0t"YL3IMOM IPA wklmw
C
RPADlIv
' OOP
alwat M I NERALOGYBackground
Presence or absence of certain minerals,degree of crystall in ity. chemical compositionof some minerals. and crystal morphologyall vary as a function of temperature andmode of origin.
U.S. nEPAfr"C" OF KENOY
c Murkw
s nI'olStousem
C (
M I NERALOGYObject i yes
=OG1
1. Provideknown oi
comparisonrigino
to deposits of (
2. Determinedepositionin Trench
qualitative temperature offor calcite-sil1ica mater i a 1
14.
3. Investigate ,for evidence
Wal 1 rocks and included blocksof hydrothermal alteration. (
P
, i #gqge*g l w W fAMWMv
Ovu"ds
11 f orageR IX nvesigoliong
R M
_OGA s
(
GEOCHEM I STRYOb jectii yes
1. Compare major and m i norof Trench
e 1 ement14 deposits
(compositions to
springoat and
1 ake.near 1
and pedogenicITS.
deposits
2. Compare to published data elsewhere.
(p
I
i.s.#. mp:roF W C4or
W fWOslo ,DVI fl..qDR Soons
A ,X wEC- W \tnotetvwMn Oft
=-onRs
TRACER ISOTOPESBack ~round
N�-~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~n
*C
The isotopic compositions of Pb and Sr varywidely in different geologic material-as afunction of time and differing U/Pb or Rb/Sr.
Waters in contact ,materials acqu!i re thethose.. materials.
w i~th vacr i ous geo l og i cisotopic composi tion of
Thesechemical
compositionsprecipitates
are then passed to (from those waters.
it. .1Wpam3P40 tip IMF*"(
R I WOvZM*A~n TRACER ISOTOPES . .
Ob ject iv es=a0Gq -
(
To determine sources of water-precipitated
deposits and hence. paleo ground water paths
(
P
to.U. x.PARVIKV OF £PNMY
ON0 vaftWi.*-- ' C urkw
Stouoqe
WI PR"OJEClR zrn 0= ...00R~~~~~~veef
(1 C i ..
I SOTOP I C DAT I NGObject i yes
1. Determ i ne absolute ages of spr i ng. I ake.NTS.
(and pedogenic deposits at and near
2. Deta i led dat i ng of Trench 14 to UU
- compare ages to deposits of known origin.- cdetermine h i story of calcite-silica
deve l opment.
(
.,
u. U . f PMTINT OF gmfov(
R okWV PROJECT
nnv i100 a Ca
a: ^q-
STABLE I SOTOPESObject ives
(
1i To determine temperature of deposition
for spring deposits.
2. To detQrmine paleo i sotop i c composition
of ground water.
(
IS. u. e1A10t4#0 £P £way
an{N-_ a""kzw
C WnA
a x five FLUID I NCLUS I ONSPROJECI
\%n.Object i yes
I
1. Determ i ne chem i stry of depositing f luid. (
2. .Oetermine temperature of precipitation.
- homogenization temperature.- isotopic analysis.
(
ENCLOSURE 4
4/28/86Trench 14--Status Report
Purpose of Research(1) To establish the timing and frequency of Quaternary faulting.on the Bow
Ridge Fault, on the east side of Yucca Mountain, NTS.(2) To establish the origin of fault-filling CaCO3 and opaline Si02.
Research ActivityStatus of Work
(1) Hap trench walls.The south wall is completed for its full 56 a length. The north wallhas been mapped from the east end, through the bedrock and main faultzone. The floor has been scraped, but needs to be cleaned to map thetransition between the north and south walls.
(2) Date the Quaternary deposits exposed in trench.U-trend dates have placed a minimum age on the lower colluvial unitof 590*90 ka, and an average age of 40 ka on the argillic Bhorizon. A U-series date of >500 ka has been obtained on an opalineSiO2 stringer in the platy K horizon, near the main fault zone.
(3) Hap the lateral extent of deposits exposed in Trench 14.Detailed field mapping in progress.
(4) Age of most recent faulting.The basaltic ash thought to be correlative with either the 290 ka or1.2 My-ash from Crater Flats will be K-Ar dated. This ash fills thefracture that cross cuts all other fractures, and thus appears torepresent the most recent faulting event. The paleomagneticorientation of ash will be determined. If it is the older of the twoashes its orientation should be reversed.
Carbonate fracture fill with slickensides from the east (bedrock) endof the trench has been submitted for U-series dating to obtain amaximum age for movement on that fracture, and estimated age forfracture filling in bedrock. Particle size distribution (PSD),ZCaCO3, and bulk density are being measured to compare to thecolluvium and the laminar fault-filling.
(5) Evaluate the morphology of fracture-fill in similar aged and youngercolluvial deposits that are not immediately adjacent to bedrock.
TWo backhoe trenches within 100 m south of Trench 14 have beenexcavated. The main fault is exposed in similar aged and youngerdepositional units.
(6) Evaluate the CaCO3 and opaline SiO2 morphology in deposits associated withincreased runoff at unfaulted bedrock colluvial contacts.
A trench will be excavated across the valley to the west from Trench14, to determine the amount and nature of CaCO3 and opaline S102 indeposits related to an unfaulted bedrock/colluvial contact.
(7) Relationship of CaCO3 and opaline SiO2 -do'they coprecipitate or isopaline SiO2 replacing CaCO ?
A plate from the K horizon containing a "sandwich" of opaline SiO2between dense CaCO3 has been submitted for U-series dating. Thinsections are being prepared, and samples have been submitted to labfor particle size distribution (PSD), ZCaCO 3, Zopaline SiO2 ,and bulkdensity.
(8) Physical, chemical, micromorphologic, and mineralogic characteristics ofthe deposits and the vertical fault-filling CaCO3 and opaline SiO2 fromTrench 14.
Samples to be submitted for total chemistry (INMA or PIXE), majoroxides (XRF), PSD, %CaCO3, Zopaline Si0 , pH, and bulk density. Thinsections have been submitted. X-ray diffraction (XRD) work willcontinue. Elements such as S, Se, As, or Hg, and the clay mineralskaolinite and alunite, would be suggestive of spring deposition.
(9) Physical, chemical, micromorphologic, and mineralogic characteristics ofthe pedogenic deposits and associated CaCO3 and opaline SiO2 in the YuccaMountain area.
Samples to be submitted for total chemistry (INAA or PIXE) and majoroxides (XRF). Data exists on PSD, %CaCO3, Zopaline SiO2, pH, andbulk density. Some thin sections have been prepared, and XRD workwill continue.
(10) Physical, chemical, micromorphological, and mineralogic characteristicsof associated CaC03 and opaline SiO2 in regional cool, warm, and hotspring deposits.
Sample localities will include Oasis Valley, Wahmonie, and AshMeadows. A number of spring deposits, including those from Bailey,Soe, Steamboat, and Moapa, have already been analyzed. Samples willbe submitted for total chemistry (INAA or PIXE), major oxides (XRF),PSD, %CaCO3, Zopaline SiO2, pH, bulk density, thin sections, and XRD.
(11) Temperature of precipitation of CaCO3 and opaline SiO in Trench 14.Initial oxygen isotope data suggests an ambient air temperature(15 0C) for the precipitation of the CaCO3 and opallne Si0 2.However, this temperature is debated because of the assumptions onthe original isotopic composition of the solution.
Samples for oxygen isotope determination have been taken in the platyK horizon and the basal CaC0 3 stringer, at 8 X intervals withincreasing distance from the fault; and within the laminated CaCO3and opallne SiO2 fault-filling from top to bottom of Trench 14.Indications of temperature change up and away from the fault would beexpected in a spring deposit, while pedogenic CaCO3 and opaline S02should be deposited at a similar temperature. No assumption is madeon the original isotopic composition of the solution because onlyrelative change will-be considered.
The Sr/Pb ratios have been measured for the Yucca Mountain tuffs, thecrystalline basement, and the limestone. The deposits in Trench 14will be measured to see how similar or dissimilar they are from theseknown values.
The deterium/180 ratio has been determined for meteoric water. Thisratio will be measured for the CaCO and opaline SiO2 to establish ifdeviations from the meteoric water line exist.
Crystal order (XRD) of opaline SiO2 may be used to establishtemperature of precipitation.
(12) Evidence for hydrothermal alteration of bedrock in fault zone.Samples will be submitted for total chemistry; thin sections will beprepared and compared to non-faulted bedrock.
(13) Origin of breccia cement.Silica cemented breccia samples will be submitted for XRD of cement,and thin section preparation.
(14) Vertical extent of CaCO3 and opaline SiO2 fault filling.A low angle drill hole has been proposed that will intersect the mainfault around 250 ft.
- (15) Origin of drusy quartz in bedrock.Initial data from fluid inclusions and geochemistry suggest that thedrusy quartz in probably covolcanic.
&. I
ENCLOSURE 5
NOT vIS IAd1- BG 5
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plkniftC
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GaesmSe4$tr
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.8as
COLD It PRIV10GS
11 " 0�1
." . ..
Ad4of O's
C4Ic; te.
S. 01o. oft.
p6et4(Li
PI*Ctf 'AL
- h4CC44 1
-..t te.
&M. Suilna e regious am Wm won . M
tz S~~rl 1040afl*re ml. *u -8.5 &and -2.5 km and geneay l within the cs-ainental sowpe. slc pus &ad *plemes are0 spilled ink but rei e l tqernary andpreumed quatemary vokanmes opav Phy Iscompiled tren snte and neional m.im Pubithedby she tlS. eological SurMey (I8:S60 and1:2500O). Volcanlun is compiled with onlyminor enodilcagion from $he standard Kate and
In1 geOlo maps published by mate andfItxeral I surveys. The age of many ofihe solanic rxts is not well known in eand a ariety od lmep unit are use In she pub.lished ounr (for exiampte QPa, QRs. QT.).Thereinal paterns of vocanism dInters so sshere are lowensisive to these dronologic preb-lems
.= . . a
- --- I
I . I I I . %. I"v ENCLOSURE 6 i_ .a di
I6T
D 86 *wk Pht' -
s PeA. Wo*4~ P4e S 87,
a O ft X "*CR Ero of 2 .
rftor~~~~~~_ 2&O .w
Addressess--Memorandum -2-
JUN 26 1986
Lawrence McKague, LLNL, Livermore, CAK. G. Knauss, LLNL, Livermore, CAJ. W. Wagner, LLNL, Livermore, CAJohn Stuckless, USGS, Denver, COJ. W. Whitney, USGS, Denver, COW. E. Wilson, IJSGS, Denver, COW. B. Meyers, USGS, Denver, COW. W. Dudley, USGS, Denver, COR. B. Raup, USGS, Denver, COE. M. Taylor, USGS, Denver, COJ. S. Downey, USGS, Denver, COD. T. Vaniman, Los Alamos, NMS. S. Levy, Los Alamos, NMTerrence Gerlach, SNL, 6312, AlbuquerquCharlotte Abrams, NRC, Las Vegas, NVP. T. Prestholt, NRC, Las Vegas, NVKenneth Czyscinski, Weston, Rockville, MDHarold Wollenberg, LBL, Berkley, CAHeather Huckins, F&S, Mercury, NVCarl Johnson, State of Nevada, Carson City, NVLinda Lehman, State of Nevada, Carson City, NVMaury Morgenstein; DRI, Reno, NVCady Johnson, DRI, Reno, NVW. S. Twenhofel, SAIC, Lakewood, COM. D. Teubner, SAIC, Las Vegas, NVJ. C. Rotert, WMPO, DOE/NVJ. D. D'Lugosz, WMPO, DOE/NVU. S. Clanton, WMPO, DOE/NVD. E. Livingston, WMPO, DOE/NV
cc w/encl:Alan Jelacic, DOE/HQ (RW-24), FORSL. 0. Rampsott, LLNL, Livermore, CA0. T. Oakley, Los Alamos, NMT. 0. Hunter, SNL, 6310, Albuquerque, NMM. 0. Voegele, SAIC, Las Vegas, NVT. A. Grant, SAIC, Las Vegas, NVM. E. Spaeth, SAIC, Las Vegas, NVJ. L .Younker, SAIC, Las Vegas, NVD. B. Jorgenson, SAIC, Las Vegas, NVD. L. Vieth, WMPO, DOE/NV
cc w/o end:V. J. Cassella, DOE/HQ (RW-22), FORSM. A. Glora, SAIC, Las Vegas, NVF. 0. Peters, SAIC, Las Vegas, NVS. R. Mattson, SAIC, Las Vegas, NV