FINAL REPORT ON THE DRILLING, PUMP TESTING AND …rhdhv.co.za/media/Nondabula BA/Appendix D - Specialist Reports... · BOREHOLES IN THE OZWATHINI AND NHLANGAKAZI AREAS IN ... pump

REF. NO.: 2014/252 DATE: 10 APRIL 2015

FINAL REPORT ON THE DRILLING, PUMP TESTING AND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS OF TWO (2) NEW

BOREHOLES IN THE OZWATHINI AND NHLANGAKAZI AREAS IN THE ILEMBE DISTRICT

MUNICIPALITY

Hillcrest Office Gauteng Office Unit 3 Burnside Office Park 173 Tulbagh Street 1 Builders Way Pomona Hillcrest, 3610 Kempton Park, 1619 P.O. Box 1194 Hillcrest, 3650 Tel: (031) 765 1900 Tel: (011)396 3866 Fax: (031) 765 1935

www.geomeasuregroup.co.za

Reg. 2000/014164/07 Hillcrest Office Gauteng Office Unit 3 Burnside Office Park 173 Tulbagh Street 1 Builders Way Pomona Hillcrest, 3610 Kempton Park, 1619 P.O. Box 1194 Hillcrest, 3650 Tel: (031) 765 1900 Tel: (011) 396 3866 Fax: (031) 765 1935 www.geomeasuregroup.co.za

Directors: Rupert J.B. Sebire BSc Hons (Geohydrology)

Our Ref: 2014/252 Royal HaskoningDHV (Pty) Ltd PO Box 55 PINETOWN 3600 Tel: 031 319 5500 Email: [email protected]

10th April 2015 Attention: Mr. Thokozani Gigaba

REPORT ON THE DRILLING, PUMP TESTING AND WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS OF TWO (2) NEW BOREHOLES IN THE OZWATHINI AND NHLANGAKAZI AREAS IN THE

ILEMBE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY As per the amended orders, this office has undertaken the drilling, pump testing and water quality analysis of two (2) new boreholes in the Ozwathini and Nhlangakazi areas located within the Ilembe District Municipality. The results and findings of this investigation are contained in this report. 1. EXPLORATION DRILLING Messrs. JD Drilling established on-site on the 5th March 2015 and commenced with the drilling of the Nhlangakazi borehole (DWS Regional Borehole Number: KZN150049). On completion of borehole KZN150049, the drillers established in the Ozwathini area and commenced the drilling of borehole KZN150050. Due to the weathered formations prevalent in these areas, the boreholes were installed using a combination of symmetrix and rotary percussion drilling methods. Both boreholes intercepted water at depth and were drilled to a completion depth of 100 m bgl. Both boreholes were cased with plain uPVC casing, as well as slotted uPVC casing opposite the water strikes identified during the drilling of each borehole. Following the installation of the casing, silica gravel pack was installed between the casing and annulus of each borehole to ensure long-term sustainability of the boreholes and bentonite seals were installed in the top 0.5 m of each borehole to prevent the ingress of surface run-off, which could lead to contamination of the groundwater. The results of the newly drilled boreholes are summarised in Table 1 below, while the detailed borehole geological and construction logs are contained in Appendix A.

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Z:\GEOMEASURE 2014\2014-252 RHDHV Emergency BH Ilembe\Report\Drilling etc Report\2015-04-10 Final Ozwathini & Nhlangakazi Drilling Report.docx

Table 1: Borehole Construction Data

BH No. Latitude Longitude Depth (m bgl)

Symmetrix Casing

(m)

uPVC Casing (m)

Water Strikes (m bgl)

Blow Yield(l/hr) & (l/sec)

KZN150049 (Nhlangakazi)

290 24’ 56.41” S 300 50’ 18.86” E 100 Plain: 20m Slotted: 6m

Plain: 52m Slotted: 48m

28, 36, 41 14 400

KZN150050 (Ozwathini)

290 25’ 25.01” S 300 52’ 41.25” E 100 Plain: 24m Slotted: 0m

Plain: 24m Slotted: 76m

30, 68, 100 18 000

2. PUMP TESTING Messrs Midlands Pumps, the appointed pump test contractor, established on site on 17th March 2015 to undertake the pump testing of boreholes KZN150049 and KZN150050. The pump testing activities on borehole KZN150049 commenced with a 4 x 1 hour Stepped Drawdown Test, which was followed by a 24 Hour Constant Discharge and Monitored Recovery Test. The pump testing activities on borehole KZN150050 commenced with a 5 x 1 hour Stepped Drawdown Test, which was followed by a 24 Hour Constant Discharge and Monitored Recovery Test. The pump test data was forwarded to this office and analysed using the dedicated aquifer test software (FC Method) to determine the sustainable yield of the boreholes. The results of the pump tests are summarised in Table 2 below, whilst the plotted pump test data and borehole management recommendation sheets are contained in Appendix B.

Table 2: Summarised Yield Test Data

BH No. BH

Depth (m bgl)

SWL* (m bgl)

Pump Installation

Depth (m bgl)

ADD# (m)

Total Drawdown

(m)

Length ofPump Test (min)

% of ADD

Reached

Length of Recovery

(min)

% Recovery

KZN150049 100 4.80 50.00 45.20 40.16 1440 88 1440 100

KZN150050 100 17.62 95.00 77.38 46.41 1440 60 1440 100 * Static Water Level

# Available Draw Down

3. SUSTAINABLE YIELD A summary of the sustainable yields and recommended pump installations details for borehole KZN150049 and borehole KZN150050 are shown in Table 3 below.

Table 3: Borehole Development Recommendations

BH No.

Rec. Pump Installation

Depth (m bgl)

DynamicWater Level

(m bgl)

Rec. DailyPump Cycle (hrs)

Rec.Pumping

Rate (m3/hr)

Rec. Pumping

Rate (l/s)

Rec.Pumping

Rate (m3/day)

KZN150049 70.00 42.55 8 6.48 1.80 51.84

KZN150050 80.00 59.51 8 7.56 2.10 60.48

Both boreholes KZN150049 and KZN150050 should be equipped with suitable submersible pumps in order to pump the borehole water to reservoirs / tanks in the area for use in a reticulation scheme.

3


Since the installation of these 2 exploration boreholes was successful, and taking the favourable geological and geohydrological conditions in the area into account, a series of additional boreholes can be installed throughout the area in order to meet the required demnd of 400 m3/day. As has been discussed with the client, the installation of the additional boreholes will be undertaken once the project has been accepted by the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS) and once the funding has been secured by the client. 4. WATER QUALITY On completion of the pump tests, a water sample was collected from each borehole and submitted to Talbot Laboratories for analysis according to the abbreviated SANS 241:2011 suite of determinants. The results received have been compared to the SANS 241:2011 Standards for Drinking Water. A summary of the comparison is shown in Table 4 below, whilst a detailed comparison is contained in Appendix C and the laboratory certificates are contained in Appendix D.

Table 4: Water Quality Results

Borehole No.

Water Classification as per SANS Standards

General Notes

KZN150049 Suitable for drinking

without treatment

Water is suitable for drinking without any treatment. It is however recommended that the water be chlorinated to ensure it remains free of

E.Coli and Total Coliforms.

KZN150050 Suitable for drinking

without treatment

Water is suitable for drinking without any treatment. It is however recommended that the water be chlorinated to ensure it remains free of

E.Coli and Total Coliforms.

5. CONCLUSIONS Two (2) boreholes were installed at the drilling targets DT #1 and DT #2 identified

during the geophysical investigation.

Borehole KZN150049 was drilled to a completion depth of 100 m bgl using a combination of symmetrix and rotary percussion drilling methods. Water strikes were encountered at 28, 36 and 41 m bgl and the borehole had a final blowyield of 14 440 l/hour. The construction of KZN150049 was completed by installing uPVC plain and slotted casing to depth, as well as gravel pack to ensure its long term stability.

Borehole KZN150050 was drilled to a completion depth of 100 m bgl using a combination of symmetrix and rotary percussion drilling methods. Water strikes were encountered at 30, 68 and 100 m bgl and the borehole had a final blowyield of 18 000 l/hour. The construction of KZN150050 was completed by installing uPVC plain and slotted casing to depth, as well as gravel pack to ensure its long term stability.

The boreholes were subjected to pump tests and groundwater samples were collected and submitted for analysis according to the abbreviated SANS 241:2011 suite of determinants, to ascertain whether the water was suitable for the intended domestic use.

4


Based on the analysis of the pump test data, borehole KZN150049 is capable of producing a sustainable yield of 51.84 kl/day (6.48 m3/hour on an 8 hour pump cycle). This is suitable for the installation of a submersible pump.

Based on the analysis of the pump test data, borehole BH KZN150050 is capable of

producing a sustainable yield of 60.48 kl/day (7.56 m3/hour on an 8 hour pump cycle). This is suitable for the installation of a submersible pump.

The results of the water quality analyses indicate that the water from both boreholes

is suitable for drinking without any treatment.

The success of the borehole installations, along with the favourable geological and geohydrological conditions in the area, imply that a series of additional boreholes installed in the area should result in meeting the required demand of 400 m3/day.

6. RECOMMENDATIONS Both boreholes KZN150049 and KZN150050 should be equipped with submersible

pumps as per the details laid out in our attached pump test management recommendation sheets.

The equipping installation should also include at least the following:

- 24 hour timer to ensure that the borehole is pumped as per our recommended pumping cycle.

- Water meter to check pump discharge rates and volumes abstracted from the aquifer.

- Conduit should be installed next to the pump riser to allow measuring of static and dynamic water levels.

- Overload and dry run protection to prevent the pump "burning" out in case the borehole is over pumped.

- High quality lightning and electrical surge protection. - Pressure switch to stop the pump once the tanks or reservoir/s are full. - The completed pump installation should be protected by a lockable concrete

manhole and the well head must be graded to ensure surface runoff cannot enter and contaminate the borehole.

The boreholes should be equipped with remote water level monitoring systems to

allow real time monitoring of the water table and abstraction rates.

The results of the real time monitoring of the boreholes should be analysed by a geohydrologist on a regular basis to ensure that the boreholes are not being over pumped and so that adjustments can be made to the discharge rates / pump cycles timeously if required. This is imperative in this area, since many existing boreholes in the area appear to have been overpumped / poorly managed and have run dry.

Despite the groundwater being suitable for drinking without any treatment, it is recommended that the groundwater is chlorinated to ensure it remains free of E.Coli and Total Coliforms.

Water quality samples should be taken from each borehole at least once a year, and should be submitted to an accredited laboratory for analysis as per the SANS

5


241:2011 suite of determinants for drinking water. This is to ensure the water remains suitable for drinking without treatment.

Once the project has been accepted by DWS and once the funding has been secured, the geophysical borehole sitings to identify the additional drilling targets for the additional boreholes can commence.

7. CAUTION The results of the pump test only represent a "snap shot in time" and therefore the long term sustainable yield of the boreholes can only be accurately determined if a record of static and dynamic water levels and pumping volumes is kept and analysed on a regular basis by a geohydrologist. We trust that this meets with your immediate requirements and will be pleased to discuss any issues arising from the above. Prepared by:

Taryn Swales Rupert Sebire Geohydrologist Managing Director

Geomeasure Group (Pty) Ltd.

APPENDIX A

GEOLOGICAL & CONSTRUCTION BOREHOLE LOGS

2

10

03 4

CONSTRUCTION DETAILS GEOLOGICAL LOG PENETRATION RATE (min/m) AIRLIFT YIELD (l/s)

CLAY, light brown, moist, medium grained, 0 -26m 194mm Symmetrix

BOREHOLE GEOLOGICAL AND CONSTRUCTION LOG

51

10

20

30

residual GNEISS (Nq).

3m

yDrilling

0 -20m 194mm Plain Symmetrix Casing

GNEISS (Nq), yellowish brown, medium – coarse grained.

28m

1.39l/s @ 28m

20 -26m 194mm 1.11l/s @ 36m40

50

60

28m

50m

GNEISS (Ng), white & dark grey, coarse grained, quartz rich, hard, fractured at 28, 36 & 41m.

0-24m 140mm Plain PVC Casing

Slotted Symmetrix Casing

GNEISS (N ) i k b di

@

1.50l/s @ 41mGravel

Pack

70

80

90

66m

24-60m 140mm Slotted PVC Casing

gGNEISS (Ng), pink brown, medium –coarse grained, hard.

GNEISS (Ng), whitish grey, medium – coarse grained, hard.

60-84m 140mm Plain

120

100

110

100m Final yield = 4.00l/s @ 100m

26-100m 165mm Rotary PercussionDrilling

100mPVC Casing


96-100m

130

140

150

g 96 100m 140mm Plain PVC CasingSanitary Seal

PROJECT: RHDHV Emergency BH Ilembe

DATE DRILLED 05 07/03/2015

LOGGED BY: Michael Jaca

CONTRACTOR: JD Drilling

BOREHOLE COORDINATES

29º 24’ 58.2” S

JOB NO.

150

160

DATE DRILLED: 05-07/03/2015

BH NUMBER: KZN150049

Nhlangakazi

MACHINE: Super Rock

DRILLER: Gasa Hlatshwayo30º 50’ 18.1” E 2014/252

Unit 3,Burnside Office Park, No1 Builders Way, Hillcrest , 3610

Tel: 031 765 1900 Fax: 031 765 1935

2

10

03 4

CONSTRUCTION DETAILS GEOLOGICAL LOG PENETRATION RATE (min/m) AIRLIFT YIELD (l/s)

0 -26m 194mm Symmetrix

BOREHOLE GEOLOGICAL AND CONSTRUCTION LOG

51CLAY, light brown, moist, medium grained,

10

20

30

yDrilling

0 -24m 194mm Plain Symmetrix Casing

0.67l/s @ 30m

residual GNEISS (Nq).

2m

GNEISS (Nq), yellowish brown, medium – coarse grained.

40

50

60 24-72m 140mm Slotted PVC


Gravel

Pack

60m

GNEISS (Ng), white & dark grey, coarse grained, hard, fractured at 30m.

GNEISS (N ) i k b di70

80

90

Slotted PVC Casing

3.33l/s @ 68m


71m

GNEISS (Ng), pink brown, medium –coarse grained, hard, fractured at 68m.

GNEISS (Ng), whitish grey, medium – coarse grained, hard, fractured.

120

100

110

100m Final yield = 5.00l/s @ 100m

26-100m 165mm Rotary PercussionDrilling


100m

130

140

150

g

Sanitary Seal

PROJECT: RHDHV Emergency BH Ilembe

DATE DRILLED 09 11/03/2015

LOGGED BY: Taryn Swales

CONTRACTOR: JD Drilling

BOREHOLE COORDINATES

29º 25’ 44.5” S

JOB NO.

150

160

DATE DRILLED: 09-11/03/2015

BH NUMBER: KZN150050

Ozwathini

MACHINE: Super Rock

DRILLER: Gasa Hlatshwayo30º 52’ 68.0” E 2014/252

Unit 3,Burnside Office Park, No1 Builders Way, Hillcrest , 3610

Tel: 031 765 1900 Fax: 031 765 1935

APPENDIX B

MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS SHEETS

BOREHOLE No : LOCATION :

DATE : COORDINATES : 29 24' 58,3"S S 30 50' 18,1"E E

BOREHOLE INFORMATION STEP TESTS Pump Rates Drawdown Specific Capacity Length of

l/s m3/hr (m) l/s/m m3/hr/m step (min)

Completed Depth (mbgl) 100,00 Step No 1 0,83 2,99 7,19 0,115 0,416 60

Diameter (mm) 165 Step No 2 1,67 6,01 18,09 0,092 0,332 60

Casing (m) 100,00 Step No 3 2,50 9,00 27,09 0,092 0,332 60

Water Strikes (mbgl) 28, 36 & 41 Step No 4 3,33 11,99 44,78 0,074 0,268 60

Static Water Level (mbgl) 4,80 Step No 5

Test Pump Intake (mbgl) 50,00 Step No 6

Available Drawdown (m) 45,20

Airlift Yield (l/hr) 14400 Recovery Test Total DD Recovery Recovery Time Recovery

Airlift Yield (l/s) 4,00 (mbswl) (mbswl) (min) %

44,78 0,98 240 98

CONSTANT DISCHARGE TEST

Final Drawdown Pump Rates Specific Capacity Duration of Recovery Recovery

(mbswl) l/s m3/hr l/s/m m3/hr/m Recovery (min) (mbswl) %

40,16 0,055 0,199 1440 0,03 100

Calculation of Transmissivity Values

Volume Extracted (kl) DD m2/day REC m2/day

191,81 4,92 3,44

MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS

Pump Installation Rec. Pumping Rate on Pump Cycle

(mbgl) m3/hr l/s m3/day

70 6,48 1,80 51,84

Dynamic Water

Level (m)

42,55

Rec. Pumping

Cycle (hrs/day)

8

2,22 7,99 1440

DD s REC s

7,14 10,2

MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATION SHEET

BH KZN150049 Nhlangakazi

17/03/2015

Duration of

DD Test (min)

BOREHOLE No : LOCATION :

DATE : COORDINATES : 29 25' 44,5"S S 30 52' 68,0"E E

BOREHOLE INFORMATION STEP TESTS Pump Rates Drawdown Specific Capacity Length of

l/s m3/hr (m) l/s/m m3/hr/m step (min)

Completed Depth (mbgl) 100,00 Step No 1 0,83 2,99 8,38 0,099 0,357 60

Diameter (mm) 165 Step No 2 1,67 6,01 18,42 0,091 0,326 60

Casing (m) 100,00 Step No 3 2,50 9,00 38,20 0,065 0,236 60

Water Strikes (mbgl) 30, 68 & 100 Step No 4 3,33 11,99 44,87 0,074 0,267 60

Static Water Level (mbgl) 17,62 Step No 5 4,00 14,40 50,78 0,079 0,284 40

Test Pump Intake (mbgl) 95,00 Step No 6

Available Drawdown (m) 77,38

Airlift Yield (l/hr) 18000 Recovery Test Total DD Recovery Recovery Time Recovery

Airlift Yield (l/s) 5,00 (mbswl) (mbswl) (min) %

50,78 0,04 240 100

CONSTANT DISCHARGE TEST

Final Drawdown Pump Rates Specific Capacity Duration of Recovery Recovery

(mbswl) l/s m3/hr l/s/m m3/hr/m Recovery (min) (mbswl) %

46,41 0,072 0,258 1440 0,01 100

Calculation of Transmissivity Values

Volume Extracted (kl) DD m2/day REC m2/day

287,71 2,93 5,50

MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS

Pump Installation Rec. Pumping Rate on Pump Cycle

(mbgl) m3/hr l/s m3/day

80 7,56 2,10 60,48

Dynamic Water

Level (m)

59,51

Rec. Pumping

Cycle (hrs/day)

8

3,33 11,99 1440

DD s REC s

18 9,57

MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATION SHEET

BH KZN150050 Ozwathini

19/03/2015

Duration of

DD Test (min)

APPENDIX C

TABULATED WATER QUALITY RESULTS

ANALYTICAL ANALYSIS IN ACCORDANCE WITH SANS 241 (2011) - DRINKING WATER

PROJECT: OZWATHINI AND NHLANGAKAZI BOREHOLES WATER QUALITY RESULTS

DETERMINANT Risk Units Standard BH No. BH No.

Limit KZN150049 KZN150050

Nhlangakazi Ozwathini

PHYSICAL - WATER QUALITY

pH Operational pH units ≥ 5.0 to ≤ 9.7 6,70 6,90

Colour Aesthetic mg/l Pt-Co ≤ 15 <1.00 <1.00

Turbidity Aesthetic NTU ≤ 1 1,00 0,70

Conductivity Aesthetic mS/m ≤ 170 16,00 20,00

MACRO CHEMICAL - DETERMINANDS

Calcium as Ca mg/l ns 7,60 14,00

Chloride as Cl Aesthetic mg/l ≤ 300 14,00 10,00

Fluoride as F Chronic Health mg/l ≤ 1.5 <0,05 0,26

Magnesium as Mg mg/l ns 3,50 5,50

Nitrate / Nitrite as N Acute Health - 1 mg/l ≤ 11 0,66 0,49

Potassium as K mg/l ns 1,50 1,20

Sodium as Na Aesthetic mg/l ≤ 200 16,00 12,00

Sulphate as SO4 Acute Health - 1 mg/l ≤ 500 1,30 6,84

Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l ns 56,00 76,00

Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l ns 33,00 58,00

MICRO CHEMICAL - DETERMINANDS

Iron as Fe Chronic Health ug/l ≤ 2000 140,00 110,00

Manganese as Mn Chronic Health ug/l ≤ 500 <20,00 40,00

Lead as Pb Chronic Health ug/l ≤ 10 <1,00 <1,00

Copper as Cu Chronic Health ug/l ≤ 2000 <20,00 <20,00

MICROBIOLOGICAL - DETERMINANDS

E. Coli Acute Health - 1 Count / 100 ml 0 0,00 0,00

Total Coliforms Operational Count / 100 ml ≤ 10 0,00 0,00

Black - Within Standard Limits

Red - Exceeds Standard Limits

ns - not stated

APPENDIX D

LABORATORY CERTIFICATES

Page 1 of 3 4931y15

2015/04/08

ANALYTICAL REPORT OUR REF: GEOMEASURE GROUP 4931/15 (O/N: 2014/252) COMPANY NAME: GEOMEASURE GROUP CONTACT ADDRESS: P O BOX 1194, HILLCREST, 3650 CONTACT PERSON: TARYN SWALES SAMPLED BY: MIDLANDS PUMPS AREA: OZWATHINI CM264-C16 SAMPLE TYPE: BOREHOLE WATER DATE SUBMITTED: 2015/03/24

Determinand Units Method No

SANS 241-1 (2011)

RECOMMENDED LIMITS

Results

4931/15 4932/15

BOREHOLE 1 BOREHOLE 2

Chloride mg Cl/l 16 <300 14 10

Colour* mg Pt-Co/l 48 <15 <1 <1

Dissolved calcium mg Ca/l 8A not specified 7.6 14

Dissolved copper mg Cu/l 24A <2 <0.02 <0.02

Dissolved lead* µg Pb/l - <10 <1** <1**

Dissolved magnesium mg Mg/l 9A not specified 3.5 5.5

E. coli colonies per 100ml 31 0 0 0

Electrical conductivity at 25°C mS/m 2 <170 16 20

Fluoride µg F/l 18 <1500 <50 260

Nitrate/Nitrite mg N/l 65 <11 0.66 0.49

pH at 25°C pH units 1 5.0 - 9.7 6.7 6.9

Potassium mg K/l 7A not specified 1.5 1.2

Sodium mg Na/l 6A <200 16 12

Sulphate mg SO4/l 67 Acute Health ≤500

Aesthetic ≤250 1.30 6.84

Total iron mg Fe/l 20A Acute Health ≤2.0

Aesthetic ≤0.3 0.14 0.11

Total alkalinity mg CaCO3/l 10 not specified 56 76

Total coliforms colonies per 100ml 31 <10 0 0

Total hardness* mg CaCO3/l Calc. not specified 33 58

Total manganese mg Mn/l 19A Acute Health ≤0.5

Aesthetic ≤0.1 <0.02 0.04

Turbidity NTU 4 Operational ≤1

Aesthetic ≤5 1.0 0.7

Talbot & Talbot (Pty) Ltd.

Page 2 of 3

4931y15

Technical Signatory: Chemistry_______________________________ Bacteriology______________________________

This report relates only to the samples tested. This report shall not be reproduced, except in full, without the written approval of TALBOT LABORATORIES.

Tests marked with an asterisk (*) in this report are not SANAS accredited and are not included in the Schedule of Accreditation for our laboratory.

Opinions and interpretations expressed herein are outside the scope of SANAS accreditation.

Note: Results marked with a double asterisk (**) have been sub-contracted to a peer laboratory.

Note: Estimates of Uncertainty of Measurement may be obtained from the laboratory if required.

Talbot & Talbot (Pty) Ltd.

Page 3 of 3

4931y15

APPENDIX UNCERTAINTY OF MEASUREMENT

Determinand Method

No

Uncertainty of Measurement

(%) Determinand

Method No

Uncertainty of Measurement

(%)

Ammonia 64 ± 4.80 Mercury (ICP-MS) 83 ± 12.00

Aluminium (ICP-MS) 83 ± 13.23 Molybdenum (ICP-MS) 83 ± 9.50

Antimony (ICP-MS) 83 ± 11.16 Nickel (AAS) 55A ± 3.80

Arsenic (ICP-MS) 83 ± 10.56 Nickel (ICP-MS) 83 ± 10.63

Barium (ICP-MS) 83 ± 9.81 Nitrate/Nitrite 65 ± 4.79

Beryllium (ICP-MS) 83 ± 9.07 Orthophosphate 66 ± 4.80

Boron (ICP-MS) 83 ± 12.93 Oxygen Absorbed 39 ± 4.40

Cadmium (ICP-MS) 83 ± 10.10 Potassium (AAS) 7A ± 5.60

Calcium (AAS) 8A ± 2.56 pH at 25°C (Radiometer) 1 ± 1.36

Chromium (ICP-MS) 83 ± 8.96 pH Value 25°C (Eutech) 1A ± 1.12

Cobalt (ICP-MS) 83 ± 8.91 Selenium (ICP-MS) 83 ± 14.60

Copper (AAS) 24A ± 4.20 Silver (ICP-MS) 83 ± 18.59

Copper (ICP-MS) 83 ± 12.79 Sodium (AAS) 6A ± 5.08

Chemical Oxygen Demand 3 ± 3.71 Strontium (ICP-MS) 83 ± 8.18

Chloride 16 ± 2.80 Sulphate 67 ± 3.87

Electrical Conductivity at 25°C 2 ± 2.74 Suspended Solids at 105°C 5 ± 4.08

Fluoride (Lovibond) 18 ± 4.82 Thallium (ICP-MS) 83 ± 9.33

Fluoride (MultiDirect) 18A ± 4.10 Tin (ICP-MS) 83 ± 10.21

Hexavalent Chromium 68 ± 6.67 Titanium (ICP-MS) 83 ± 15.52

Iron (AAS) 20A ± 6.20 Total Alkalinity 10 ± 2.36

Iron (ICP-MS) 83 ± 15.42 Total Dissolved Solids at 180°C 41 ± 1.25

Lead (AAS) 26A ± 3.80 Total Solids at 105°C 59 ± 0.44

Lead (ICP-MS) 83 ± 10.06 Turbidity 4 ± 1.70

Lithium (ICP-MS) 83 ± 11.86 Uranium (ICP-MS) 83 ± 7.95

Magnesium (AAS) 9A ± 5.15 Vanadium (ICP-MS) 83 ± 11.15

Manganese (AAS) 19A ± 5.20 Zinc (AAS) 23A ± 4.63

Manganese (ICP-MS) 83 ± 9.38 Zinc (ICP-MS) 83 ± 15.13

Note: The Uncertainty of Measurement is calculated as a percentage and should be applied to the respective results. Estimates of Uncertainty of Measurement for microbiological analyses can be provided on request.

FINAL REPORT ON THE DRILLING, PUMP TESTING AND …rhdhv.co.za/media/Nondabula BA/Appendix D - Specialist Reports... · BOREHOLES IN THE OZWATHINI AND NHLANGAKAZI AREAS IN ... pump

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