PRODUCTION OF ETHYL ALCOHOL FROM MOLASSES USING ASPEN PLUS A project report submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of degree of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SUBMITTED BY T.P.RL.SINDHURI K.SURESH KUMAR B.JOGENDRA KUMAR R.S.RAVI KISHORE Under the Esteemed guidance of Dr.ADITYA MUKHARJEE, PhD PROFESSOR Department of Chemical Engineering
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
PRODUCTION OF ETHYL ALCOHOL FROM MOLASSES USING ASPEN PLUS
A project report submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY
T.P.RL.SINDHURI K.SURESH KUMAR
B.JOGENDRA KUMAR R.S.RAVI KISHORE
Under the Esteemed guidance of
Dr.ADITYA MUKHARJEE, PhD
PROFESSOR
Department of Chemical Engineering
Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering
(Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, A.P.)
Madhurawada, Visakhapatnam – 530048
2007-2011
GAYATRI VIDYA PARISHAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project work titled “PRODUCTION OF ETHYL ALCOHOL FROM
MOLASSES USING ASPEN PLUS” During the academic year (2010-2011) under the guidance of
Dr.ADITYA MUKHARJEE,PhD, professor is submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of
degree of Bachelor of Technology in Chemical Engineering.
It is our privilege to express our gratitude to our project guide Dr.Aditya Mukharjee, Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, G.V.P. College of Engineering for his incessant co-operation and suggestions towards the completion of the technical report.
Heartfelt thanks to Prof. B.Srinivas, HOD and support provided by the all the faculty members of the department is greatly acknowledged.
T.P.R.L.Sindhuri
K.Suresh Kumar
Jogendra Behara
R.S.Ravi Kishore
INDEX
1. INTRODUCTION
2. DESCRIPTION
(I)BLOCK DIAGRAM
(II)RAW MATERIALS
(III)REACTION INVOLVED
(IV)PROCESS
(V)MATERIAL BALANCE
3. SIMULATION
(I)DESIGN
(II) ASSUMPTIONS
(III) DATA SUPPLIED
(IV) RESULTS
1. CONCLUSION
ABSTRACT
This project mainly deals with the production of “Ethyl alcohol” from
molasses using ASPEN Plus software where the entire process can be
simulated just by using it. Our aim is to produce 10tonne of ethanol/day
which is of 95% concentrated and this would help to know the conditions
that has to be applied practically and various conditions under which the
productivity could be increased and also to find many ways for troubleshoot
of many practical problems and how to decrease the adverse affects that are
encountered during the production process as ethanol is parental compound
for many processes. With actual operating conditions and reliable
thermodynamic data we could simulate actual plant behavior. Ethyl Alcohol
from molasses is the most familiar process industrially as it is very
economical because the raw materials used for this process are by-products
of sugar manufacturing process; hence they are cheaper and could be
handled easily. Moreover when compared to the other processes of ethanol
production like from starch etc., needs the raw materials to be pre-treated
like hydrolyzed to fermentable sugars by the action of malts and molds
before the process starts. But here, sugar can be directly converted into
ethanol. This project mainly with deals how to make this process more
effective and the results show the nearer values to the practical values that
are to be adopted in the plant.
INTRODUCTION
Ethanol or ethyl alcohol, CH3CH2OH, has been described as one of the
most exotic synthetic oxygen-containing organic chemicals because of its
unique combination of properties as a solvent, a germicide, a beverage, an
antifreeze, a fuel, a depressant, and especially because of its versatility as a
chemical intermediate for other organic chemicals. Ethanol is one of the
most important renewable fuels contributing to the reduction of negative
environmental impacts generated by the worldwide utilization of fossil
Fuels. However, the production of ethanol is a complicated process. The
transformation of such biological resources as energy-rich crops (like sugar
cane or corn) or lignocellulosic biomass requires the conditioning or
pretreatment of the feed stocks for fermenting organisms to convert them
into ethanol. Then, aqueous solutions of ethanol should be concentrated for
obtaining hydrous ethanol. This product has to be dehydrated in order to be
utilized as an oxygenate for gasoline, the trade form in which ethanol is
mostly employed in the transportation sector. The complexity of this process
partly explains why fuel ethanol has not played a leading role in comparison
to cheaper oil derived fuels. There are various processes in which ethanol
could be produced. But the major process in which it is produced
industrially is using molasses. This process is more economical when
compared to all other process as here ethanol is produced from the by-
product of sugar industry. Ethanol is made from a variety of agricultural
products such as grain, molasses, fruit, whey and sulfite waste liquor.
Generally, most of the agricultural products mentioned above command
higher prices as foods, and others, e.g., potatoes, are uneconomical because
of their low ethanol yield have generated renewed interest in ethanol
fermentation, but its use still depends on the availability and cost of the
carbohydrate relative to the availability and cost of ethylene. Sugar and grain
prices, like oil prices, have risen dramatically since 1973. According to the
results that are obtained from the world’s utilization of ethanol records,
maximum ethanol used will be from molasses.
RAW MATERIAL(1 TON) ETHANOL YIELD(LITERS)
MOLASSES
SUGAR CANE
FRESH CASSAVA
SORGHUM
COCONUT JUICE
260
70
180
70
83
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ETHANOL:
Ethanol is a volatile, colorless liquid that has a slight odor. It burns with a
smokeless blue flame that is not always visible in normal light. The
physical properties of ethanol stem primarily from the presence of
its hydroxyl group and the shortness of its carbon chain. Ethanol’s
hydroxyl group is able to participate in hydrogen bonding, rendering it
more viscous and less volatile than less polar organic compounds of
similar molecular weight. Ethanol is a versatile solvent, miscible with
water and with many organic solvents, including acetic acid,