Final ppt

PREDEFINED HARDWARE

TEAM-: MELODY1)ASHUTOSH YADAV2)ARCHIT RASTOGI3)AMAN SAXENA4)ANURAG ARYA

INTRODUCTION

IN INDIA MOST OF THE RURALS STILL ARE FACING THE PROBLEM OF ELECTRICITY CRISIS, WHEREAS IN CITIES A LOT OF POWER IS WASTED.

WE AS A CITIZEN OF INDIA HOLD THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE RATIONAL USE OF ENERGY.

THIS SYSTEM HELP IN HOUSEHOLD POWER USAGE.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

PRIMARY TASK-: The speed of the electric fan, presently, can be varied

in steps by the regulating knob. Here the task is to replace this traditional knob, automatically vary the fan speed in accordance with the environmental temperature.

The temperature and the speed should be displayed on some displaying unit i.e. LCD.

SECONDARY TASK

The intensity of the light in the room should be continuously monitored and bulbs, etc. should be automatically switched ON and OFF accordingly i.e. the lights should be switched ON if the light intensity falls below a critical value and vice-versa. Display the light condition as DARK or OPTIMUM on LCD.

There should be a visitor counter which checks the no. of persons currently present in the room. When there is no human presence in the room then the lights and the fans should be switched OFF and thus saving the precious power.

In spite of this automatic version, Provision of a Manual key should be there, which if pressed, disables the automatic mode at any time.

COMPONENTS

MICROCONTROLLER(ATMEGA32)•It is a small computer on a single

integrated chip. Contains processor core, RAM/ROM , EEROM, programmable I/O ports and a Timer.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY(LCD)

Now we need to interface an LCD to our microcontroller so that we can display messages, outputs, etc. We will use the 16x2 LCD, which means it has two rows of 16 characters each. Hence in total we can display 32 characters.

L298 The L298 is an integrate

monolithic circuit in a 15 -lead Multiwatt.

It is a high voltage, high current dual full-bridge driver designed drive inductive loads such as relays, solenoids, DC and Stepping motors.

Operatng supply upto 46 volt and dc current upto 4.5 A.

Over temperature protection.

LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTANCE(LDR)

Normally the resistance of an LDR is very high, sometimes as high as 1000 000 ohms, but when they are illuminated with light resistance drops to 100 ohms.

The LDR must be part of a voltage

divider circuit in order to give an output voltage, Vout , which changes with illumination.

When no light falls on the LDR, very high resistance shown by the LDR hence Vout will be very low. And when light falls on the LDR, very Low resistance shown by the LDR hence Vout will nearly be equal to the Vin applied. Hence the two conditions can be distinguished.

SENSOR NETWORK• We have used the fundamental that

the white surface reflects almost all the light falling on it whereas the black surface absorbs maximum light falling on it.

• Our arena would be a black surface all over with white strips showing the way to travel. With keeping LED lights always ON and using the above principle our LDR will get different light intensities when on the two different surfaces i.e. black and white.

• Hence we would be able to detect our present position of the sensor whether it is on Black or on White and will now act accordingly.

lM7805 7805 voltage regulator is

used to get +5 V output out of a higher voltage supply (7.5V-20V).We use adapter’s supply to generate +5V here. Connect the gnd and +12V of adapter to the pins as shown and get +5V directly as an output out of the 3rd pin. Current up to 0.5 A can be obtained from this regulator without any significant fall in voltage level.

LM 35

Operates from 4 to 30 volts

Calibrated directly in ° Celsius

Measure temperature and accordingly we take output.

In this, we use this to control the bulb on off phenomenon.

RELAYS• A relay is

an electrically operated switch.• Many relays use

an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism mechanically.

• Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal.

1)For temperature less than 25degree celcius the fan will stop and “COOL TEMPRETURE “ will print on lcd.

2)For tempreture more than 45 degree celcius the fan will stop and “NO FAN” will print on lcd.

3)For tempreture in between 25 to 45 degree celcius the speed of the fan will change according to the tempreture of the room. the speed of fan will be printed along with the tempreture on lcd.

Fan Speed

1)If the light intensity is less than 150 then “DARK” will print on lcd along with the intensity and the bulb will switch on.

2)If the light intensity is more than 150 then “OPTIMUM” will print on screen along with the intensity and the bulb will switch off.

Light Intensity

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

CONCLUSION

Fan speed will be varied according to temperature present in room.

Bulb will be switched on/off according to light intensity.

Visitor counter help in power supply on/off according to people present in the room.

With the help of key, automatic working can be converted in manual working.

With the help of micro controller, lcd, lm7805, l298, relay, uln2003a. lm35, ldr, motor, bulb.