Final IPV6 Presentation

7/31/2019 Final IPV6 Presentation

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IP version 6

Abhishek Bhasker0909110004


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Widely supported network protocol.

Defines and routes datagrams

Provides connectionless transportservice.

Uses packet switching and services of

the data-link layer to accomplishtransmission along the path.

What is Internet Protocol


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Internet Protocol

IPV4 IPV6


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Internet Protocol Version-6

IPV6 is version of the Internet

Protocol intended to succeedIPV4, Which is the protocol

currently used to direct almost

all internet traffic.


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Background of IPv-6 In its early years , the Internet was largely used by

universities , high-tech industry .With the explosion ofinternet in the Internet starting in the mid - 1990s , itbegan to be used by a different requirements .

Under these circumstances , it became apparentthat IP had to evolve and become more flexible.

In 1990 ,IETF( Internet Engineering Task Force )started work on new version of IP, one which never

run out of addresses and be more flexible andefficient as well .


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In , 1993 a modified combined version of theDeering and Francis was chosen ,by now calledSIPP(Simple Internet Protocol Plus) was selected andgiven the designation IPv-6


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IPv6 Design Issues Overcome IPv4 scaling problem

o lack of address space.

Flexible transition mechanism.

New routing capabilities.

Quality of service.

Security.

Ability to add features in the future


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IPv-4 and Ipv-6 Header


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Why IPV6 ?

Problems with IPV4: Limited address space.

No encryption and authentication.

Server-less plug-and-play possible

Audio-Video transmission requires minimum delaystrategies and reservation of resources.

No direct security support in IPV4. Difficulty in managing forwarding address and in

realizing Visitor-location network authentication.


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Features of IPV6

Larger address space(128 Bit) 3.4*1038

Globally unique and hierarchal addressing.

Auto-configuration of network interfaces.

Support for encapsulation of itself and other

Protocols.

Built-in authentication and encryption.

Transition methods to migrate from IPV4. Improved multicast routing support.


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IPv6 Header Fields VERS: 6 (IP version number)

Priority: will be used in congestion control

Flow Label: experimental - sender can label a

sequence of packets as being in the same flow. Payload Length: number of bytes in everything

following the 40 byte header .


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IPv6 Header Fields Next Header is similar to the IPv4 protocol field -

indicates what type of header follows the IPv6header.

Hop Limit is similar to the IPv4 TTL field (but now itreally means hops, not time).


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Key differences in header No checksum

No length variability in header

No more fragmentation and reassembly in header


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Extension Headers Routing Header - source routing

Fragmentation Header - supports fragmentation ofIPv6 datagrams.

Authentication Header Encapsulating Security Payload Header


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IPv6 Addresses 128 bits - written as eight 16-bit hex numbers.

5f1b:df00:ce3e:e200:0020:0800:2078:e3e3

High order bits determine the type of address.


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Categories of Address Unicast A Unicast address defines a group of computers . A

packet sent to a unicast address is delivered tothat specific computer

Anycast This is a type of address define a group of

computers with addresses which have the same

prefix A packet sent to an anycast address must be

delivered to exactly one of the member of groupwhich is closest or the most easily accessible


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Multicast Addresses A multicast defines a group of computers which

may or may not share the same prefix and may or

may not be connected to the same physicalnetwork

A packet send to multicast address must bedelivered to each member of the set

Multicast addresses all start with FF(1111 1111) andall other addresses are unicast addresses

I I


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IPv4-Mapped IPv6Address

IPv4-Mapped addresses allow a host that supportboth IPv4 and IPv6 to communicate with a host thatsupports only IPv4.

The IPv6 address is based completely on the IPv4address.

I d I


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IPv4-Mapped IPv6Address

80 bits of 0s followed by 16 bits of ones, followed bya 32 bit IPv4 Address:


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Advantages of IPv-6 Larger address space Ipv-6 has 128 bit address space (3.4*1038) , which is 4

times wider in bit when compared to IPv-4s 32-bitaddress space . So there is a huge increase in the

address space.

Better header format In its header format the options are separated from the

base header.

The options are inserted when needed , between thebase header and upper layer data .This helps inspeeding up the routing process.


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New options New options have been added in Ipv-6 to increase

functionality

Possibility of extension

IPv-6 is designed in such a way that there is a possibilityof extension of protocol if required.

More security IPv-6 includes security in basic specification . It includes

encryption of packets and authentication of sender ofpackets


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Support to resource allocation To implement better support to real time traffic . IPv-

6 includes flow label of specification . With flow

label mechanism, routes can recognize to whichend-t-end flow the packets belong.

Clear specification and optimization IPv-6 follows good practices of IPv-4 and rejects

minor flaws /obsolete items of IPv-4


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THANK YOU

Abhishek Bhasker0909110004

Final IPV6 Presentation

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