Final E-Waste Management

7/30/2019 Final E-Waste Management

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Presentationon

E-Waste Management

BY:Harish Mordani PG-11-030

Vikram Phatak PG-11-038Vishakha Jain PG-11-082


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Electronic product madeour life easy by savingtime and being efficient.

Communication systemshave revolutionaries byway of mobile phones.Entertainment productlike television and musicsystem have added

enjoyment to our life.

Electronic product needsto be treated as ahazardous waste.


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E-waste can be classified as:

Telecommunication Waste: Mobile phones, Telephones,

Telephone exchanges Wireless Equipment cables andrelated scrap material

Electrical Waste: Switches, Relays, Connectors and relatedScrap Material.

Electronic Waste: Electronic metal waste, Circuit Boards,E Equipment and Machinery, IC, Sockets Connectors.

Cable Waste: PVC, Pre Insulated Copper and AluminiumCable waste.

Chemical Waste: Chemical Sludge andResidue.


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Hazards by E-Waste:

Mercury: found in fluorescent tubes (numerousapplications), tilt switches (mechanical doorbells,thermostats),and flat screen monitors. Health effectsinclude sensory impairment, dermatitis, memory loss, andmuscle weakness. Environmental effects in animals includedeath, reduced fertility, slower growth and development.

Sulphur: found in lead-acid batteries. Health effectsinclude liver damage, kidney damage, heart damage, eyeand throat irritation. When released in to the environment,it can create sulphuric acid.

Brominated Flame Retardants : Used as flame

retardants in plastics in most electronics. Health effectsinclude impaired development of the nervous system,thyroid problems, liver problems. Environmental effects:similar effects as in animals as humans.


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Cadmium: The most common form of cadmium is found inNickel-cadmium rechargeable batteries. When not properlyrecycled it can leach into the soil, harming microorganisms

and disrupting the soil ecosystem. The inhalation ofcadmium can cause severe damage to the lungs and is alsoknown to cause kidney damage.

Lead: solder, CRT monitor glass, lead-acid batteries, someformulations of PVC.

Beryllium oxide: filler in some thermal interface materialssuch as thermal grease used on heat-sinks for CPUs andpower transistors, magnetrons, X-ray-transparent ceramicwindows, heat transfer fins in vacuum tubes, and gaslasers. Can cause breathing problem and kidney damage


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E-waste in India

As per IRG report, India generates about 1,46,180 tons of E-waste

every year. This is contributed by both house holds and corporate houses.

E-waste in USA

Between 1997 and 2007, nearly 500 million personal computers will

be obsolete-almost two computers for each person.

750,000 computers expected to end up in landfills this year alone.


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E-Waste comprises of: Electronic products often contain hazardous and toxic materials that pose

environmental risks if they are land filled or incinerated.

Televisions, video and computer monitors use cathode ray tubes (CRTs),

which have significant amounts of lead.

Printed circuit boards contain primarily plastic and copper, and most

have small amounts of chromium, lead solder, nickel, and zinc.

In addition, many electronic products have batteries that often contain

nickel, cadmium, and other heavy metals. Relays and switches in

electronics, especially older ones, may contain mercury.

Also, capacitors in some types of older and larger equipment that is now

entering the waste stream may contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)


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Electronics contain heavy metals, and Cathode Ray Tubes(CRTs) found in computer monitors and televisions maycontain up to 8 lbs of hazardous lead.

Reuse is the environmentally preferable option by extendingthe life of old equipments that defers the pollution andresource consumption associated with in making newproducts.

Reuse provides opportunity, to the underprivileged who cannotafford or have no access to electronic equipment, at reduced orno cost.

Electronic equipments which commercially & practically not

good for reuse or is broken beyond repair, may be sent fordisassembly i.e. salvaging parts, and selling reclaimedmaterials like ferrous, non ferrous, plastic, glass.


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Several electronic equipment, such as computers, monitors,

printers, and scanners, contain materials suitable for

reclamation and use in new products. These may includeplastic, glass, steel, aluminum, copper, gold, silver, and other

metals.


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Printed Circuit Boards

Circuit boards are sent to ISO 14001 (EnvironmentalManagement) accredited companies. Here they can beprocessed in specialised smelters to recover non renewableresources such as copper, gold, silver, palladium and otherprecious metals.

Hard Drives

Hard drives, in whole and shredded form, are sent to an

aluminium foundry for processing into aluminium ingots.The majority of aluminium ingots are used within theautomotive industry.

Toner and Ink Cartridges

Toner and Ink cartridges are packaged in a sealed box and

returned to industry recyclers. Some will beremanufactured into new cartridges, and the remainderthat cant be remanufactured will be separated into plasticand metal and returned to the recycle chain as rawmaterials.


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Batteries

Nickel Cadmium, Nickel Metal Hydride & Lithium Ion batteries aresent, under our recycling partners special export permit, to SNAM

(Socit Nouvelle Daffinage Des Mtaux) a French basedcompany who meets the European Unions strict environmentalstandards. The material is hulled to remove excess plastic, and thenthe metals placed in special smelter pots to recover cobalt,cadmium, nickel and steel for reuse in a range of areas such as

battery production and stainless steel fabrication.CD ROMs, Sound & Memory cards

For copyright and security reasons these products are shreddedbefore being sent to plastic and metal recyclers.


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E-waste management & recycling

Equipment refurbishment and resale. De-manufacturing and disassembly.

Recovery of valuable components.

Hazardous and base metal recovery.

Hazardous component management and environment friendlydisposal


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Flow Chart


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Recycling

workers manuallydismantle most electronicequipment and sort outvaluable commodities thatare sold to various

recyclers.


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The crusher is completelyself-contained in atransportable shipping

container.

Crushed glass, coatedwith lead, ready forprocessing by a leadsmelter.


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Other components fromelectronicsare separated and sold ascommoditiesto various recyclers.


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Benefits From recycling

Conserves natural resources. Recycling recovers valuablematerials from old electronics that can be used to make newproducts. As a result, we save energy, reduce pollution, reducegreenhouse gas emissions, and save resources by extractingfewer raw materials from the earth.

Protects your surroundings. Safe recycling of outdated electronicspromotes sound management of toxic chemicals such as lead andmercury.

Helps others. Donating your used electronics benefits yourcommunity by passing on ready-to-use or refurbished equipmentto those who need it.


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Create Jobs. ReCycling creates jobs forprofessional recyclers and refurbishers and

creates new markets for the valuablecomponents that are dismantled.

Saves landfill space. E-waste is a growing wastestream. By recycling these items, landfill space isconserved.


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Each one of us has a role toplay!

Need for a e-waste policy and legislation Encourage and facilitate organized

recycling systems Should subsidies recycling and disposal

industries Collect fee from

manufactured/consumers for thedisposal of toxic material

Incentive schemes for garbage collectors

and general public for collecting andhandling over e-waste Awareness programme on e-waste for

school children and general public


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Final E-Waste Management

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