FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL BY LAXMI $ Group

FILE TRANSFER PROTOCO

L(FTP)

EFFORTS BY:-LAXMI JINDALPOOJA GOYALMANVI AGGRAWAL

CONTENT

1.What is FTP ?2.History of FTP3.Types of FTP4.Transferring Data5.Login 6.Security7.Logo8.Bibliography9.Acknowledgement

WHAT IS FTP ??

File Transfer Protocol, the protocol for exchanging files over the Internet.FTP is most commonly used to download a file from a server using the Internet or to upload a file to a server (e.g., uploading a Web page file to a server)

HISTORY…FTP is built on a client-server architecture and uses separate control and

data connections between the client and the server.[1] FTP users may authenticate themselves using aclear-text sign-in protocol, normally in the form of a username and password, but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to allow it. For secure transmission that protects the username and password, and encrypts the content, FTP is often secured with SSL/TLS (FTPS). SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) is sometimes also used instead, but is technologically different.The first FTP client applications were command-line applications developed before operating systems had graphical user interfaces, and are still shipped with most Windows, Unix, and Linux operating systems.[2][3] Many FTP clients and automation utilities have since been developed for desktops, servers, mobile devices, and hardware, and FTP has been incorporated into productivity applications, such as Web page editors.

The original specification for the File Transfer Protocol was written by Abhay Bhushan and

published as RFC 114 on 16 April 1971. Until 1980, FTP ran on NCP, the predecessor of TCP/IP. The protocol was later replaced by a TCP/IP version, 

RFC 765 (June 1980) and RFC 959 (October 1985), the current specification. Several proposed standards amend RFC 959, for example RFC 2228

 (June 1997) proposes security extensions and RFC 2428 (September 1998) adds support for IPv6

 and defines a new type of passive mode.

TYPES OF FTP

Pull-based file transfers where the receiver initiates a file transmission request.

Push-based file transfers where the sender initiates a file transmission request.

There are 2 types of file transfers:

File transfer can take place over a variety of levels:

Transparent file transfers over network file systems.

Explicit file transfers from dedicated file transfer services like FTP or HTTP

Distributed file transfers over peer-to-peer networks like Bittorent or Gnutella

TRANSFERRING DATA

FTP may run in active or passive mode, which determines how the data connection is established.[5] In both cases, the client creates a TCP control connection from a random unprivileged port N to the FTP server command port 21. In active modes, the client starts listening for incoming data connections on port N+1 from the server (the client sends the FTP command PORT N+1 to inform the server on which port it is listening). In situations where the client is behind a firewall and unable to accept incoming TCP connections, passive mode may be used. In this mode, the client uses the control connection to send a PASV command to the server and then receives a server IP address and server port number from the server,[5][6] which the client then uses to open a data connection from an arbitrary client port to the server IP address and server port number received.

Data transfer can be done in any of three modes:

Stream mode: Data is sent as a continuous stream, relieving FTP from doing any processing. Rather, all processing is left up to TCP. No End-of-file indicator is needed, unless the data is divided into records.

Block mode: FTP breaks the data into several blocks (block header, byte count, and data field) and then passes it on to TCP.[4]

Compressed mode: Data is compressed using a single algorithm (usually run-length encoding).

LOGINFTP login utilizes a normal username and password scheme for granting access. The username is sent to the server using the USER command, and the password is sent using the PASS command. If the information provided by the client is accepted by the server, the server will send a greeting to the client and the session will commence. If the server supports it, users may log in without providing login credentials, but the same server may authorize only limited access for such sessions.

SECURIT

YFTP does not encrypt its traffic; all transmissions are in clear text, and usernames, passwords, commands and data can be read by anyone able to perform packet capture (sniffing) on the network. This problem is common to many of the Internet Protocol specifications (such as SMTP, Telnet, POP and IMAP) that were designed prior to the creation of encryption mechanisms such as TLS or SSL.[4] A common solution to this problem is to use the "secure", TLS-protected versions of the insecure protocols (e.g. FTPS for FTP, TelnetS for Telnet, etc.) or a different, more secure protocol that can handle the job, such as the SFTP/SCP tools included with most implementations of the Secure Shellprotocol.

LOGO

BIBLIOGRAPH

Y

Wikipedia

Images

ACKNOWLEDGEM

ENTI would like to convey my heartful thanks to Sir Rajeev, my Computer teacher who guided me throughout the project gave me valuable suggestions and guidance for completion of the project.

My sincere thanks to my family members who have helped me with their valuable suggestions and support throughout the development of the project.