Field anesthesia horse

Dr. Adarsh Kumar, Assistant ProfessorSurgery and Radiology, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur (H.P.)

[email protected]

EQUINE ANESTHESIA UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

Dr. ADARSH KUMAR

Dr. Adarsh Kumar, Assistant ProfessorSurgery and Radiology, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur (H.P.)

[email protected]

• Recumbent procedures >1 hr duration

• Clean, dry area with secure footing

• Grass paddock

• Automobile inner tube

SHOULD KEEP IN MIND

Dr. Adarsh Kumar, Assistant ProfessorSurgery and Radiology, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur (H.P.)

[email protected]

PREPARATION OF PATIENTS

FASTING

Food is usually withheld from horses for 12 hours… water is allowed.

PATENT IV ROUTE – WHY?

OFFSETS ANESTHESIA RELATED VASODILATION

HELPS MAINTAIN ADEQUATE RENEAL PERFUSION AND ACID BASE BALANCE

EMERGENCY MEDICATION

Dr. Adarsh Kumar, Assistant ProfessorSurgery and Radiology, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur (H.P.)

[email protected]

TACKLE BOX

1. SYRINGES

2. OPTHALMIC OINTMENT

3. 500 ML SODIUM BICARBONATE

4. LIGNOCAINE WITHOUT EPINEPHRINE

5. ADRENALINE

6. DEXAMETHASONE

7. RINGER LACTATE

8. NORMAL SALINE

9. 500 ML 23% Ca BOROGLUCONATE

10. DOXAPRAM

11. IV SETS

12. NIKETHAMIDE

13. ANTIDOTES LIKE ANTAGOZIL

Dr. Adarsh Kumar, Assistant ProfessorSurgery and Radiology, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur (H.P.)

[email protected]

WHAT DO U INTEND FROM ANESTHESIA WHILE DOING SURGERY

•NARCOSIS

•MUSCLE RELAXATION

•ANALGESIA

•LEAST UNDESIRABLE EFFECTS OF ANESTHETIC AGENTS

Estimation of Body Weight

Body weight (kg) = Length (cm) X Girth² (cm) ----------------------------------- 11877

GIRTH

LENGTH

Intravenous cannula

BD Venflon ™ Pro

17GA 1.5 x 45 mm 133 ml / min

BD Venflon ™ Pro17GA 1.5 x 45 mm 133 ml / min

PATENT IV LINE ( Juglar Vein )

MEASURED VOLUME FLUID INFUSION SET

MEASURED VOLUME FLUID INFUSION SET

Anaesthetic combinationXylazine(Rompun),Ketamine (Ketalar,Vetalar):

Premedication: Xylazine 1.0 to 1.1 mg/kg IV

Induction: Ketamine 2.0 to 2.25 mg/kg IV

Both drugs are injected intravenously (xylazine first, followed by ketamine approximately 2 minutes later) directly through a catheter or hypodermic needle.

The ketamine is given over a period of 20 to 30 seconds and there is a further period of fifty to seventy seconds before the horse sits on its haunches and then rolls into lateral recumbency.

Surgical anesthesia lasts for fifteen to twenty minutes.

To prolong anesthesia a quarter to one half of the original dose of ketamine or of both ketamine/xylazine may be given intravenously.

If the horse shows signs of ketamine rigidity, muscle tremors or CNS excitement,

Further xylazine (0.2 - 0.6 mg/kg) may be given intra-venously to smooth recovery.

Alternate methods include the administration of ketamine/guaifenesin mixture or of xylazine/ketamine/ guaifenesin mixture. 

    Group I

  Group II

 Induction

Xylazine  @ 1.1mg/kg BW &  Ketamine  @ 2.2 

mg / kg BW IV *

Xylazine  @ 1.1mg/kg BW &  Ketamine  @ 2.2 

mg / kg BW IV*

Maintenance

 (Diazepam 25 mg, Xylazine 250mg & 

Ketamine 500mg ) in 500 ml normal saline as  continuous infusion @ 2.2 ml / kg BW/ hr  IV*

 (Guaifenesin 25 g, Xylazine 250mg & 

Ketamine 500mg ) in 500 ml normal saline 

as  continuous infusion @ 2.2 ml / kg BW/ hr  

IV*

Gum perfusion time (GPT)

INDUCTION WITH XYLAZINE- KETAMINE ANAESTHESIA

RECOVERY

RECOVERY

Dr. Adarsh Kumar, Assistant ProfessorSurgery and Radiology, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur (H.P.)

[email protected]

Dr. Adarsh Kumar, Assistant ProfessorSurgery and Radiology, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur (H.P.)

[email protected]

1. Xylazine –1.1 mg/Kg BW, IV

2. As the effect is seen give Diazepam – 0.022-0.033 mg/kg, BW, + Inj. Ketamine- 2.2 mg/kg, BW, IV

3. Usually within 1 minute horse becomes recumbent

4. 30 –40 minutes of anesthesia

5. If sometime violent recovery give additional Xylazine – 0.22- 0.44mg/Kg, BW, IV

SECOND COMBINATION

Dr. Adarsh Kumar, Assistant ProfessorSurgery and Radiology, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur (H.P.)

[email protected]

Additional Xylazine @ 0.33-0.55mg/kg, BW and Inj. Ketamine, 0.7-1.1 mg/kg, BW, IV can be administered to prolong the anesthesia

Thanks !

Obviously, when the horse has a smooth recovery, the impression conveyed to the owner is one of the absolute confidence and certainty of the advances in surgical practice in field.