Top Banner
Effects of distance to Effects of distance to target, time of the target, time of the day, wetness of the day, wetness of the leaves, and sensor leaves, and sensor position on active position on active sensor readings sensor readings Fernando Solari, Paul Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers and Jim Schepers
41

Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Jan 01, 2016

Download

Documents

Rose Salas

Effects of distance to target, time of the day, wetness of the leaves, and sensor position on active sensor readings. Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers. Objectives. To determine how Sensors distance to the target Time of the day Wetness of the leaves - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Effects of distance to Effects of distance to target, time of the day, target, time of the day,

wetness of the leaves, and wetness of the leaves, and sensor position on active sensor position on active

sensor readingssensor readings

Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim John Shanahan, and Jim

SchepersSchepers

Page 2: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

ObjectivesObjectives

To determine howTo determine how Sensors distance to the target Sensors distance to the target Time of the day Time of the day Wetness of the leaves Wetness of the leaves Shifts from on row positionShifts from on row position

Affects sensor readings outputs Affects sensor readings outputs

Page 3: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

sensor

GDO

Page 4: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

BARE SOIL

Page 5: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

CORN V4

Page 6: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

CORN V10

Page 7: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Distance to targetDistance to targetCrop Circle -IR upwelling radiance

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210

Distance to the target (cm)

IR u

p-r

ad

grass NIR

Bare soil IR

Corn V4 IR

Corn V10 IR

Page 8: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Distance to targetDistance to targetCrop Circle-Amber upwelling radiance

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210

Distance to the target (cm)

Am

be

r u

p-r

ad grass Amber

Bare soil Amber

Corn V4 Amber

Corn V10 V4

Page 9: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Distance to targetDistance to targetCrop circle-ANDVI

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210

Distance to the target (cm)

AN

DV

I

grass ANDVI

Bare soil ANDVI

Corn V4 ANDVI

Corn V10 ANDVI

cv2% 2% 4%

Page 10: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Crop circle-ANDVI-cvCrop circle-ANDVI-cvDistancDistancee

GrassGrass Bare Bare SoilSoil

Corn V4Corn V4 Corn Corn V10V10

40-100 40-100 cmcm

1%1% 1%1% 3%3% 2%2%

101-101-140140

cmcm

1%1% 5%5% 4%4% 2%2%

40-14040-140

cmcm1%1% 4%4% 8%8% 4%4%

Page 11: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

VI=(VI=(ρρ-1 -1 VIS- VIS- ρρ-1 -1 IRIR) * ) * ρρ IRIR (IR/Amber)-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

40 60 80 100 120 140

Distance to the target (cm)

VI

grass

bare soil

corn v4

cornv10

1%

1%

6%

3%

Page 12: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Distance to targetDistance to targetGNDVI Green Seeker

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210

Distance to the target (cm)

GN

DV

I

Grass

Corn V10

Corn V4

Bare soil

36in+-14in

CV 7%

35+-7

CV 4%

Page 13: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

GreenSeeker-GNDVI-cvGreenSeeker-GNDVI-cv

GrassGrass Bare Bare soilsoil

Corn V4Corn V4 Corn Corn V10V10

55-125 55-125 cmcm

4%4% 14%14% 5%5% 7%7%

70-105 70-105 cmcm

9%9% 9%9% 5%5% 4%4%

Page 14: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Distance to targetDistance to targetConclusionsConclusions

Crop Circle: 40 to 100 cm lowest CV Crop Circle: 40 to 100 cm lowest CV for NDVI and Gitelson VIfor NDVI and Gitelson VI

GreenSeeker: 70-105 cm lower CV GreenSeeker: 70-105 cm lower CV than 55-125cmthan 55-125cm

Page 15: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Time of the day effect study

Page 16: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers
Page 17: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

8:00

12:00 17:00

Time of the day effect study

Page 18: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Crop circle - 8:00Crop circle - 8:00Corn V12. Crop circle. 8am

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

distance (cm)

AN

DV

I

rep 1

rep2

rep3

rep4

rep5

rep6

Page 19: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

GreenSeeker – 8:00GreenSeeker – 8:00Corn V12 Green Seeker

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

distance (cm)

GN

DV

I

rep1

rep 2

rep3

rep4

rep5

rep6

Page 20: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Crop circle – 12:00Crop circle – 12:00Corn V12. Crop Circle 12hs

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

distance (cm)

AN

DV

I

rep1

rep2

rep3

rep4

rep6

Page 21: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

GreenSeeker – 12:00GreenSeeker – 12:00Corn V12. Green Seeker

12hs

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

distance (cm)

GN

DV

I

rep 1

rep 2

rep 3

rep 4

rep 5

rep 6

Page 22: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Crop circle – 17:00Crop circle – 17:00Corn V12. Crop circle 17hs

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

distance (cm)

AN

DV

I

rep1

rep2

rep3

rep4

rep5

rep6

Page 23: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

GreenSeeker – 17:00GreenSeeker – 17:00Corn V12. Green Seeker. 17hs

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Distance (cm)

GN

DV

I

rep1

rep2

rep3

rep4

rep5

rep6

Page 24: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Crop CircleCrop CircleCorn V12. Crop circle

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

distance (cm)

AN

DV

I average ANDVI 8

average ANDVI 12

average ANDVI 17

Page 25: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

GreenSeekerGreenSeekerCorn V12. Green Seeker

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0 20 40 60 80 100

Distance (cm)

GN

DV

I average GNDVI 8 am

average GNDVI 12 am

average GNDVI 17

Page 26: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Table 1: NDVI valuesTable 1: NDVI values

Time of Time of the daythe day

CCCC

V10V10CCCC

V12V12GSGS

V10V10GSGS

V12V12

8:008:00 0.62c0.62c 0.73a0.73a 0.67b0.67b

12:0012:00 0.55a0.55a 0.69a0.69a 0.44b0.44b 0.64a0.64a

17:0017:00 0.58b0.58b 0.67a0.67a 0.42a0.42a 0.68c0.68c

Different letters are significant differences within column (sensor and stage)

Page 27: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Time of the day effect studyTime of the day effect studyConclusionsConclusions

Time of the day can affect sensor Time of the day can affect sensor readings readings

(Growth?, Wind?, Power supply,?)(Growth?, Wind?, Power supply,?)

Page 28: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

How important is to be on the row?

Page 29: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers
Page 30: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers
Page 31: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Across rowsAcross rowsGNDVI Head parallel to the row

Corn V7, 76cm wide

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200

Distance across the rows (cm)

GN

DV

I

Page 32: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Across rowsAcross rowsGreenSeeker(red). Head parallel to the row

Corn V12

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160

distance across row (cm)

NDVI

Page 33: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Across rowsAcross rowsCrop Circle. Across the row.

Corn V7, 76cm wide

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200

Distance across the rows (cm)

AN

DV

I

Page 34: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Across rowsAcross rowsCrop circle. Head parallel to the row. Corn V12

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

Distance across the row (cm)

ANDV

I

91 cm

ROWROW

6 in=15cm

Page 35: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Corn V10-KansasCorn V10-KansasANDVIANDVI

Crop circle (Kansas data Corn V10)

y = 1.3552x - 0.1925

R2 = 0.5575

0.4

0.45

0.5

0.55

0.6

0.65

0.7

0.75

0.8

0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8

ANDVI (NADIR position 4 inch left)

AN

DV

I (N

AD

IR p

osi

tio

n)

Page 36: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Corn V10 KansasCorn V10 KansasWDRVIWDRVI

Crop Circle (Kansas data Corn V10)

y = 1.0178x + 0.0404

R2 = 0.6914

-0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

-0.05 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25

WDRVI (NADIR position 4 inch left)

WD

RV

I (N

AD

IR p

osi

tio

n)

Page 37: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Corn V9-ArgentinaCorn V9-ArgentinaGreenSeekerGreenSeeker

GreenSeeker (Argentina data Corn V9)

y = 1.3706x + 0.009

R2 = 0.7842

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25

GNDVI (NADIR position 6 inch left)

GN

DV

I (N

AD

IR p

osi

tio

n )

Page 38: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

On the row studyOn the row studyConclusionConclusion

The principal effect of to be off the The principal effect of to be off the row is underestimation. row is underestimation.

The effect is much more important at The effect is much more important at early stages. early stages.

Page 39: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

wetness of the leavesrep1

0.6

0.65

0.7

0.75

0.8

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

distance (cm)

AN

DV

I andvi before

andvi watering

andvi after

How important is dew presence or sprinkle?

Page 40: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

Wetness of the leavesWetness of the leavesWetness of the leaves-(Crop Circle)

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

before watering after

Treatment

AN

DV

I

aa a

Page 41: Fernando Solari, Paul Hodgen, John Shanahan, and Jim Schepers

ConclusionsConclusions

Distance:Distance: GreenSeeeker: 80-110cm cm to targetGreenSeeeker: 80-110cm cm to target Crop Circle: 40-100 cm to targetCrop Circle: 40-100 cm to target

Time of the dayTime of the day Time of the day can affect sensor readings Time of the day can affect sensor readings

(Growth?, Wind?, Power supply,?)(Growth?, Wind?, Power supply,?) PositionPosition

Important to be on row (If not, underestimation)Important to be on row (If not, underestimation) WateringWatering

Does not affect Does not affect