Ferdinand de Saussure Roland Barthes French army in Algiers.

Ferdinand de Saussure

Roland Barthes

French army in Algiers

Louis Althusser

BASE / SUPERSTRUCTURE MODEL

CULTURE

IDEOLOGY (philosophy, religion,etc.)

LEGAL SYSTEM

POLITICAL SYSTEM

Superstructures

Base or Infrastructure

(RELATIONS OF PRODUCTION (classes))

THE ECONOMIC MODE OF PRODUCTION (eg: capitalism)

(FORCES OF PRODUCTION (technology, ecology, population))

LOUIS

Jacques Lacan, topology of subject formation

Real Imaginary Symbolic

“Ideology is a ‘representation’ of the imaginary relationship of individuals to their real conditions of existence.”

Louis Althusser (1970)

Sign (form)_______________

Signified (concept)

Ideology (form) ______________

Social Formation (concept)

Real

Imaginary

STRUCTURE OF IDEOLOGY

Signifier

(Form)

___________________ =

Form of Artistic Practice

(Practical Theory and Activity)

Signified

(Concept)

_________________ =

Ideology

Theoretical Problematic

(Concepts organizing and limiting aesthetic production)

Social Formation

IMAGINARY

SYMBOLIC

Architecture as an Ideological Mapping of History

STRUCTURE OF IDEOLOGY

Signifier

(Form)

___________________ =

Artistic Practice

(Practical Theory and Activity)

Signified

(Concept)

_________________ =

Ideology

Theoretical Problematic

(Concepts organizing and limiting aesthetic production)

Social Formation

VENTURI + SCOTT-BROWN

“Honky-tonk” or“Pop” form

________________ = Decorated Shed

Concept of “Both-And”

________________ = Architecture as Mass Media

Complexity and Contradiction

Emergent Information-Consumer Society

EISENMAN

Grid, rotation, repetition, replication

_______________ =

“Cardboard Architecture”

Formal Self-reflexivity and System

_____________ = Autonomous Architecture

“Postfunctionalism”

Emergent Information-Consumer Society

ALDO ROSSI

Pure white single volumes

________________ = Typology

Generic iteration

________________ = Architecture as Collective Memory

Analogous City

Emergent Information-Consumer Society

centralized plan,

dome, repetitive parts

(Form)

________________________ =

Perspective as symbolic form

(practice)

unified focus,

all-controlling spatial order

(Concept)

________________________ =

The Classical

(ideology)

universal transcendental subjectivity

(theory)

(Social Formation)

Humanism, propagation of faith, Age of Discovery, City-State

Guarino GuariniSS. Sindone ChapelTurin 1667-90

concentric circles, detached facades, aggregates, primacy of surface

(Form)

________________________ =

the Fold (singularities constellated out of force field)

(practice)

multiplicity, heterogeneity, connectivity

(Concept)

________________________ =

The Baroque

(ideology)

Monadology (unity of being, preservation of difference)

(theory)

(Social Formation)

heliocentrism, infinity, cosmic geometry, counter-reformation, colonialism

There has been a mutation in the object, unaccompanied as yet by any equivalent mutation I the subject; we do not yet possess the perceptual equipment to match this new hyperspace... in part because our perceptual habits were formed in that older kind of space ... of high modernism.

Fredric Jameson

Surely this is exactly what the cognitive map is called upon to do in the narrower framework of daily life in the physical city: to enable a situational representation on the part of the individual subject to that vaster and properly unrepresentable totality which is the ensemble of society’s structures as a whole.