22% Female labour force participation rate Source: Labour force survey 2017-18 Population: 216 million World's 5th most populous country Labour force of 61.7 million Source: Bureau of Emigration and Overseas Employment (BE&OE) 2019 Out of total stock of 11.11 million Pakistani migrant workers, women account for 0.4% Source: BE&OE 2019 Low-skilled 32.9 % Highly qualified 37.6% Skilled 18.8 % Semi skilled 8.7 % Highly skilled 1.9% Distribution of female migrant workers by skill levels UAE Saudi Arabia 35% 42.5% Oman United Kingdom 2% 5% Qatar Canada 1.4% 2% Top five destination countries of female migrant workers Source: BE&OE, 2019 Provincial/regional patterns of female labour migration Source: BE&OE, 2019 Punjab 56% Sindh 33% Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 33% Federally Administered Tribal Areas 0 % Islamabad Capital T erritory 5% Gilgit Baltistan 1% Azad Jammu Kashmir 1% Balochistan 0 %
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22%
Female labour force
participation rate
Source: Labour force survey 2017-18
Population:
216 million
World's 5th most
populous country
Labour force
of 61.7 million
Source: Bureau of Emigration and Overseas Employment (BE&OE) 2019
Out of total stock
of 11.11 million
Pakistani migrant
workers, women
account for
0.4%
Source: BE&OE 2019
Low-skilled
32.9 %
Highly qualified
37.6%
Skilled 18.8 %
Semi skilled 8.7 %
Highly skilled 1.9%
Distribution of female migrant workers by skill levels
UAE
Saudi Arabia
35%
42.5%
Oman
United Kingdom
2%
5%
Qatar
Canada
1.4%
2%
Top five destination countries
of female migrant workers
Source: BE&OE, 2019
Provincial/regional patterns of femalelabour migration
Source: BE&OE, 2019
Punjab
56%
Sindh
33%
Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa
33%
Federally Administered
Tribal Areas 0 %
Islamabad Capital
Territory 5%
Gilgit Baltistan 1%
Azad Jammu
Kashmir 1%
Balochistan
0 %
14.7%
General workers
5.3%
Teachers
8.3%
Office staff
17.3%Domestic workers
11.5%
4.5%
Saleswomen
23.1%
15.1%Doctors and Nurses
(9.6% and 5.5 %
respectively)
Other professions
e.g. beautician,
accountant, engineer,
computer programmers,
financial & system
analysts, pharmacists,
technicians etc.
Managers
Distribution of female migrant workers by occupation
Source: BE&OE 2019
Lack of access to legal protection and justice
Socio cultural/family constraints impeding women to move for overseas
employment
The number of female Overseas Employment Promoters is very small.
Intended female migrant workers do not seek OEPs for support. Majority of
OEPs don't encourage women to seek work overseas
Limited choice of jobs for women in the overseas labour market
Limited incentives for highly skilled women to migrate overseas due to more
benefits and social support in Pakistan
Common stories about the risks and negative experiences of female migrant
workers discourage many women and families opt for overseas work
Factors limiting women to opt for overseas employment
The government must ensure women’s access to information on fair recruitment process including verified foreign jobs; channels and procedures for safe and
regular migration.
Disseminate reliable information through a mix of online resources and traditional methods.
LOOK BEYOND
» Determine the labour demands in the destination countries on a 10-20 year plan to strategically develop required skilled human resource aligned with required demands.
» Explore emerging sectors; work opportunities and required skill.
» Promote gender-sensitive recruitment procedures; placement and protection of rights in overseas employment.
» Strengthen bilateral agreements with destination countries for protecting migrant workers’ rights especially female migrant workers in the domestic work
sector.
» Make gender disaggregated dataon labour migration (includ ing
returns) policy available.
National and provincial training institutions should focus on “skilling women”, enabling them to compete in the global market and secure foreign jobs.
Hold regular job fairs at women’s colleges and universities across Pakistan.
Government:
Overseas employment promoters:
» Widen scope to include and encourage more female clients.
» Increase efforts to obtain job opportunities/demands for women workers. Explore job opportunities for women in a variety of sectors/skill levels.
Workers’ organizations/trade unions:
» Disseminate information on safe and regular labour migration at the grassroots level to enhance access of intended women migrant workers to accurate information.
Workers Association
Recommendations to facilitate safe, orderly and regular labour migration for women
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This infographic was produced by the Global Action to Improve the Recruitment Framework of Labour
Migration project (REFRAME), supported by the European Union. The REFRAME project aims at
preventing and reducing abusive and fraudulent recruitment practices, and maximizing the
protectionof migrant workers in the recruitment process and their contribution to development.