Page 1
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Amends the Stafford Act
• Establishes a Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program
• Sets new requirements for HMGP
• Required state and local mitigation plans
Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA2000)
Slide 32.1
Page 2
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• State and local governments must have an approved mitigation plan to receive HMGP funds
• HMGP funds may be used to develop mitigation plans
• Amount of HMGP funds may be increased in states with an approved mitigation plan in place at the time of a disaster declaration
• Mitigation measures must be based on a sound planning process
Disaster Mitigation Act Section 322
Slide 32.2
Page 3
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Prepare and submit a state mitigation plan;
• Review and update the state mitigation plan every three years;
• Provide technical assistance and training to local governments for planning and grant proposals;
• Review and approve local plans
State Responsibilities to Implement Section 322
Slide 32.3
Page 4
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Authorized by Section 203 of DMA 2000
• Provides technical and financial assistance to state and local governments to implement mitigation measures
• Funding is available without a disaster declaration, i.e., before a disaster strikes
Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM) Program
Slide 32.4
Page 5
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Acquisition/relocation
• Structural and non-structural retrofitting
• Minor structural hazard control works
• Localized flood control projects
• Development of hazard mitigation plans
Eligible PDM Projects
Slide 32.5
Page 6
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Reduce risk of future damage, hardship, loss ore suffering from a disaster
• Benefit/cost ratio of 1.0 or greater
• Conform with state hazard mitigation plan
• Solve a problem independently
• Conform to applicable state and local laws
• Not duplicate benefits from other programs
• Community must participate in NFIP
PDM Criteria
Slide 32.6
Page 7
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Self-supporting program
• Offers federally backed flood insurance
• Communities must adopt and enforce floodplain management ordinances
• Flood insurance is required for all secured loans made by a federally regulated or backed lending institution
National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP)
Slide 32.7
Page 8
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Development permits
• Development plan and subdivision review
• Protection of water supply and sewage systems
• Use all base flood elevation data
• Maintenance of flood carrying capacities within watercourses
NFIP Floodplain Ordinance Criteria
Slide 32.8
Page 9
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Elevate new structures in the 100-year flood zone
• Subdivisions designed to minimize exposure to flood hazards
• Additional standards for high-hazard coastal zones
• Construction standards also imposed during “substantial improvement”,
including reconstruction
NFIP Building Standards
Slide 32.9
Page 10
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
Flood Insurance Study (FIS)
Slide 32.10
Page 11
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
•Floodway: Stream channel
•100-year flood: 1% chance of flooding in any given year
•Base Flood: 100-year flood
•Base Flood Elevation: elevation of the water surface resulting from a 100 Year flood
•Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA): 100-year floodplain
•500-year flood: 0.2% chance of flooding in any given year
•Coastal high hazard area: subject to a velocity hazard (wave action)
FIRM Terminology
Slide 32.11
Page 12
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Zone A: The 100-year or base floodplain. There are 6 types of A zones
• Zone V and Zone VE: The coastal area subject to velocity hazard (wave action)
• Zone B and Zone X: Area of moderate flood hazard, usually the area between the limits of the 100- and 500-year floods.
• Zone C and Zone X: Area of minimal flooding hazard
• Zone D: Area of undetermined but possible flood hazard
Firm Zones
Slide 32.12
Page 13
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Construction in the floodplain
• Significant development upstream
• A flood occurs outside FIRM boundaries
• A major flood control project in the community or upstream
• Changes in topography
Conditions for changing a FIRM
Slide 32.13
Page 14
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Available in NFIP communities
• Provides flood insurance premium discounts
• Communities must engage in floodplain management activities above NFIP minimums
Community Rating System (CRS)
Slide 32.14
Page 15
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
1. Reduce flood losses
2. Facilitate accurate insurance ratings
3. Promote awareness of flood insurance
CRS Goals
Slide 32.15
Page 16
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Elevation Certificates
• Map Information
• Outreach Projects
• Hazard Disclosure
• Flood Protection Information
• Flood Protection Assistance
CRS Public Information Activities
Slide 32.16
Page 17
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Additional Flood Data
• Open Space Preservation
• Higher Regulatory Standards
• Flood Data Maintenance
• Stormwater Management
CRS Mapping and Regulatory Activities
Slide 32.17
Page 18
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Floodplain Management Plan
• Acquisition and Relocation
• Flood Protection (Retrofitting)
• Drainage system maintenance
CRS Flood Protection Activities
Slide 32.18
Page 19
FEMA PROGRAMS II
Session Name: FEMA Programs IICoastal Hazards Management Course
• Flood Warning Programs
• Levee Safety
• Dam Safety
Flood Preparedness Activities
Slide 32.19