Like us on Facebook facebook.com/agrilinks Participate during the seminar: Follow us on Twitter twitter.com/agrilinks #AgEvents Feeding the World in 2050: How Human and Institutional Capacity Development Can Support Agricultural Innovation Systems Speakers Deborah Rubin, Cultural Practice Rob Bertram, USAID Bureau for Food Security Susan Owens , USAID Bureau for Food Security Mark Varner, APLU Andy Gilboy, Associates for Global Change Anne-Claire Hervey, APLU November 17, 2014
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Like us on Facebookfacebook.com/agrilinks
Participate during the seminar:
Follow us on Twittertwitter.com/agrilinks
#AgEvents
Feeding the World in 2050: How
Human and Institutional Capacity
Development Can Support
Agricultural Innovation SystemsSpeakers
Deborah Rubin, Cultural Practice
Rob Bertram, USAID Bureau for Food Security
Susan Owens , USAID Bureau for Food Security
Mark Varner, APLU
Andy Gilboy, Associates for Global Change
Anne-Claire Hervey, APLUNovember 17, 2014
Upcoming Agrilinks Events:
• Agrilinks Online Event | AgExchange: Feeding the
World in 2050: How HICD Can Support Agricultural
Innovation Systems | November 18th-20th
• Ag Sector Council Seminar | Nutritional Anthropology |
December 17th
Upcoming Events
Questions and Discussion
Questions and Discussion
Deborah RubinCultural Practice
Dr. Deborah Rubin is the director of Cultural Practice, LLC
and a senior social science development analyst working
at the intersection of agricultural sector programming and
gender integration. She leads the Digest Project, which
manages a web-based knowledge-management platform
(www.crsps.net) that provides information on USAID-
supported agricultural research programs. Her work on
gender and agricultural value-chain operations led to the
publication of “Promoting Gender Equitable Opportunities
in Agricultural Value Chains: A Handbook.” She
participated in the recently concluded Bill and Melinda
• USAID Administrator response highlighted that principle focus of recommendations, deepening support for higher education partnerships, is a high USAID priority
• Current e-consultation with key stakeholders is supported
Implications for Innovation System (networks that bring new, together with policies & institutions)
• Recommendations– Strengthen Institutional Capacity and Partnerships
• USAID should establish long-term Preferred Institution Partners Program
– Enhance Collaboration between Developing Country institutions, US Institutions and Public/Private Sector
• Broker collaborations across countries and with national governments to develop public-private partnerships
• Work with country leaders and institutions to strengthen curricula relevant to agriculture and food sectors
Implications for Innovation System (networks that bring new, together with policies & institutions)
• Recommendations– Building Developing Country Access to US Technologies
• Invest in and nurture scientific and education networks
• Enable US and FTF higher education institutions to develop technologies for smallholder agriculture and SMAEs, with a vision of making food and agricultural production a business that attracts and inspires youth
Andrew Gilboy Anne-Claire Hervy
Themes
Institutional Capacity Building
Limits of Training
Leverage
By the end of this brief presentation , can we begin to answer this question?
If a top-notch group of agricultural scientists
have been trained at the finest national and
international universities, and they are at
national institutions ready and able to find
innovative solutions to agricultural
challenges in their country, why is that
insufficient to meet the goal to “feed the
world in 2050?”
Institution / Organization
T R A I N I N G
RAISON D’ETRE
PROCESS
PEOPLE
Raison d’Etre
PROCESS
PEOPLE
Jobs
Procedures
Criteria
Organization
Requirements
Systems
Policies
Individual
Knowledge
Skills &
Attitudes
When more than 3 variables overlap, optimal performance is likely
LONG-TERM TECHNICAL TRAINING
Environment
Individual
InformationResources /
Tools Incentives
Knowledge /
SkillsCapacity Motives
The Institution
Environment
Individual
InformationResources /
Tools Incentives
Knowledge /
SkillsCapacity Motives
LONG-TERM TECHNICAL TRAINING
Have we answered our question?
If a top-notch group of agricultural scientists
have been trained at the finest national and
international universities, and they are at
national institutions ready and able to find
innovative solutions to agricultural
challenges in their country, why is that
insufficient to meet the goal to “feed the
world in 2050?”
“Geary Rummler: Training Skills Isn’t Enough.”Rummler, Geary in Training, 1983, 20 (8), page 75-76
Title slide
African Higher Education:Opportunities for Transformative Change
for Sustainable Development
This publication was produced for USAID’s review by the
KNOWLEDGE CENTER
on HIGHER EDUCATION
for AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT
Three Takeaways
1. Higher education matters for development.
2. African higher education lags behind all other
regions. The time to invest is now.
3. Investments should focus on institutional
transformation, not tweaks at the margin.
What are higher education’s
contributions to development?
What are higher education’s contributions?
Returns to Schooling by Education Level
Source: Montenegro, C.E. & H.A. Patrinos (2013). Returns to Schooling Around the World. The World Bank.
Region Primary Secondary TertiaryGDP/pc
(PPP 2005) N
World 10.3 6.9 16.8 6,719 74
Middle East and North Africa 9.4 3.5 8.9 3,645 7
South Asia 9.6 6.3 18.4 2,626 4
Eastern and Central Europe 8.3 4.0 10.1 6,630 7
High Income Economies 4.8 5.3 11.0 31,748 6
East Asia and Pacific 11.0 6.3 15.4 5,980 6
Latin America and Caribbean 9.3 6.6 17.6 7,269 20
Sub-Saharan Africa 13.4 10.8 21.9 2,531 24
Word Map
What is the state of higher education in Africa?
What is the state of higher ed in Africa
Enrollment Levels in Higher
Education
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Sub-Saharan Africa
South & West Asia
Arab States
Central Asia
World Average
East Asia & Pacific
Latin America & Carribean
Central & Eastern Europe
North America & Western Europe
2010
1990
Source: www.worldmapper.org
Higher Education Spending Growth
1990-2001
Source: www.worldmapper.org
Hon Spending Growth 1990-2001Research and Development Expenditure
2001
Source: www.worldmapper.org
Percentage of Educational Lending for Higher Education by Major Development Banks, 1960s to 2000s
Source: Johanson and Shafiq, 2010. Data for 1960s to 1990s based on Kapur and Crowley, 83-83.
Data for 2000-2009 are from World Bank and ADB. Note: IDB last column refers to 2000-2005 only.
How can the U.S. best support
African Higher Education?
How can the US best support African Higher Education
Institutional Transformation
institutional capacity development
Institutional Transformation
institutional
transformation
2 key recommendations
1. Concentrate USAID Investments and
combine system level interventions with
institution-level transformation.
2. Do this through partnerships with peer
institutions that are long-term, engage the
private sector, and focus on
comprehensive institutional performance
improvement.
What does it take?
• A flexible partnership, not a contract.
• Being resident long-term.
• Expertise in institutional performance
improvement and change management.
Implement USAID’s HICD framework!
What is iAGRI?
aims to strengthen the training and
collaborative research capacities of:
Sokoine University of Agriculture
(SUA)
and the
Tanzanian Ministry of Agriculture, Food
Security and Cooperatives (MAFC)
with the goal of improving food security
and agricultural productivity in
Tanzania.
Source: CIA World Factbook
80% Workforce
engaged in
Agriculture
27% GDP
Agriculture
27 % GDP Agriculture
Sokoine University of
Agriculture
503 Members of Academic Staff
= 200 students
9000 Students
Graduatespe
r
year
2000
When you
consider
there are
already
14,000 SUA
Alumni
When you consider there are already 14,000 SUA Alumni