FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA ENVIRONMENTAL ... Tadesse... · FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ... emissions in Ethiopia come from forestry

FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AUTHORITY

OVERVIEW of the ETHIOPIA’S CLIMATE RESILENT GREEN ECONOMY STRATEGY

Wondwossen Tadesse

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AUTHORITY 1. Introduction

• Like most countries ,Ethiopia is experiencing the effects of climate change.

• For Ethiopia, green growth is a necessity as well as an opportunity to be seized. Its an opportunity realize our country's huge renewable energy and a necessity so as to arrest agro-ecological degradation that threatens millions of our citizens in poverty.

• Ethiopia therefore embarked upon the development of a Climate Resilient Green Economy strategy.

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AUTHORITY

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2. GTP/Climate Resilient Green Economy Strategy

The strategy is built on a 5 year plan developed in 2010 aiming at the ambition of reaching a middle income status before 2025. Net emission of GHGs to become zero/

neutral CRGE strategy- addresses both climate

change adaptation and mitigation objectives The preparation of the green economy

strategy-finalized; National Adaptation Strategy-Ongoing


3 Source: CRGE

Economic development ▪ Achieving middle income status by

2025 Abatement ▪ Keeping emissions constant by

applying abatement measures in sectors such as forestry, agriculture and industry

▪ Becoming a “green economy frontrunner” by investing into low-carbon infrastructure

Resilience ▪ Reducing vulnerability to climate-

change-associated risks: – Gradual hazards (e.g., vector-borne

disease) – Event-driven hazards (e.g.,

landslides and flooding)

Strategic framework

Resilience initiatives

Abatement initiatives

Developing a Climate Resilient Green Economy combines development, abatement and resilience initiatives

CRGE Mitigation Adaptation

Development initiatives

Climate-compatible

development

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AUTHORITY 1. Introduction

• For pursuing a green economic model, comparisons of emissions were made between a business as usual growth and a low carbon growth model across potential emitting sectors.

• It was found that under current practices, green house gases emissions would more than double from 150 Mt C02e in 2010 to 400 Mt Co2e in 2030.

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Why Ethiopia requires to shift from the conventional growth to CRGE strategy?...National challenges and adverse effects

Source: CRGE

Characteristics of conventional growth path Fossil fuel dependency ▪ Dependency on imports ▪ Increased pollution

Deforestation/degradation of forests ▪ Land erosion ▪ Health issues from fuelwood smoke

Unsustainable agriculture ▪ Reduction in soil fertility ▪ Increased vulnerability to drought and

floods

Rapid growth of conventional transportation ▪ Congested cities with polluting vehicles ▪ Dependent on oil import

Unsustainable practices in growing industry ▪ Increase of air and water pollution ▪ Exhaustion of resources

Challenges

▪ Increased poverty and reduced food security

▪ Reduction of quality of life and health

▪ Degradation of air and water quality

▪ Dependency on commodities and fuel imports

▪ Loss of natural assets and biodiversity


2.1. Green Growth Strategy of Ethiopia Five Steps -followed to develop GGS of Ethiopia

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1 • Identify Priority Growth sectors

2 • Develop Baseline and BAU Reference Scenario

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• Identification of abatement levers: Enlist and elaborate measure to reduce or avoid emissions and to enhance sequestration from afforestation/ reforestration and management of existing forests

4 • Prioritize measures: Feasibility Assessment and Cost Benefit

Analysis

5 • Develop Implementation Plans


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Thematic areas identified for the GGS preparation

Transport

Industry

Power

Forestry

Soil

Buildings/ Gr. Cities

Livestock

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Goal of the sector and implications Contribution of CRGE

▪ Enable infrastructure development by developing strategy to obtain financing

▪ Develop green growth initiatives to achieve GTP targets while reducing emissions

▪ Develop Climate resilience initiatives to reduce vulnerability and build resilience capacity

▪ Reach economic growth targets as planned in GTP

▪ Economic growth of each sector will lead to higher emissions

▪ Build generation capacity to satisfy growing demand


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Total GHG emissions of ~150 Mt CO2e in 2010

More than 85% of greenhouse gas emissions in Ethiopia come from forestry and agriculture

Source: CRGE

43%

3%

Buildings

3%

Industry

3%

Transport

3% Power

37% Forestry

Livestock

Crops

7%

Share of GHG emissions, 2010

Agriculture


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Ethiopia has shortlisted >60 green economy opportunities

Power Buildings Forestry Soil Livestock Transport Industry

Long list of potential green growth initiatives –150+ initiatives

Abatement potential – GHG emissions reduction in case of implementation as compared to BAU

GTP effects – potential to contribute to reaching targets as outlined in GTP

Cost effectiveness – costs to reduce one t of CO2e

Feasibility in local context – technological availability, technical and institutional implementability

Prioritized measures for inclusion into strategy- >60 initiatives

Source: CRGE


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GHG emissions Reduction from forest degradation, It would save USD 270 million, increasing rural household income by 10%.

Creating an industry worth USD 15 million value add p.a. and employing 35,000 people

Producing additional benefits by improving health and gender equality

+ +

Fuel efficient stoves help to achieve GTP targets in several dimensions

The example of fuel efficient stoves shows that green economy initiatives will foster growth… Estimated effects of fuel efficient stove usage in 2015

Source: CRGE strategy

http://cleancookstoves.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Man-carrying-cookstove-with-many-cookstoves-around-ECo.jpg�


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…and produce additional economic and social benefits

Increase health and safety

Description Impact

Reduce indoor air pollution and severe health risks from smoke inhalation ▪ Toxic smoke and indoor air pollution

causing more than 50,000 deaths p.a

Empower women

Decrease hours spent on gathering fuelwood (typically by women and children, often in risky areas)

– Increases participation in productive activities (e.g. stove production)/ Increase opportunities for education/Decrease health risk and vulnerability

Enable education

Source: WHO; GIZ; MoWE; team analysis

▪ Increase of available time for education by reducing the time of collecting and purchasing fuelwood

▪ Better nutrition increases learning capacities

The investment plan includes programs to improve production, distribution, and financing, ideally via access to carbon credits.


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The strategy for a green economy is based on four pillars

Middle income country in 2025

Agriculture – Improving crop and livestock practices ▪ Reduce defores-

tation by agricul-tural intensification and irrigation of degraded land

▪ Use lower-emitting techniques

▪ Improve animal value chain

▪ Shift animal mix ▪ Mechanize draft

power

Forestry – Protecting and growing forests as carbon stocks ▪ Reduce demand

for fuelwood via efficient stoves

▪ Increase seques-tration by affores-tation/reforestation, forest management and area closure

Power – Deploying renewable and clean power generation ▪ Build renewable

power generation capacity and switch-off fossil fuel power generation

▪ Export renewable power to substitute for fossil fuel power generation abroad

Industry, transport and buildings – Using advanced technologies ▪ Improve industry

energy efficiency ▪ Improve produc-

tion processes ▪ Tighten fuel

efficiency of cars ▪ Construct

electric rail network

▪ Substitute fossil fuel by biofuels

▪ Improve waste management

Climate resilient green economy strategy

Source: CRGE

Mt CO2e abatement potential in 2030

90 130 191 35

1 Non-domestic abatement potential from power exports


Part III: Financial Aspects

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AUTHORITY Financial Aspects for GGS Implementation

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1.Government budget- by mainstreaming the Green Economy initiatives into existing development programmes

2. Supported budget-Development partners

3. Credited Approach- International Carbon Finance Mechanism – On going local/national and international initiatives

US$: 150 Billion

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AUTHORITY Financial Aspects for CRGE Implementation

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CRGE FACILITY-to pool to solicit financial supports from various development partners so as to efficiently use limited resources in a coordinated and synergistic way


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Ethiopia –started to brand itself as the global GREEN FRONT-RUNNER in developing climate resilient green economies

▪ Collaboration – 3 aspects ▪ Ethiopia enables neigh-boring countries to achieve

green development by providing cheap clean electricity ▪ As the country has already created the platform for

collaboration through its CRGE strategy, it welcomes all supports from development partners and concerned stakeholders that promote the implementation of its CRGE strategy so as to act locally and promote low carbon growth

▪ Lessons – Ethiopia also shows other countries how green growth can be achieved

▪ Show Ethiopia’s commitments to address adverse impacts of CC to the nations of the world

▪ Negotiations - H.E. PM. Meles Zenawi: Global leader of international climate change negotiations-Walking the talk

Conclusion...


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FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA ENVIRONMENTAL ... Tadesse... · FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ... emissions in Ethiopia come from forestry

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