February 2008 . February 2008 Pre-Kindergarten Research and the National Picture Tennessee Senate Education Committee February.

February 2008 www.preknow.org


Pre-Kindergarten Research and the National Picture

Tennessee Senate Education Committee

February 13, 2008

Stephanie Rubin, J.D.

[email protected]


Pre-K Now…

• An advocacy and public education organization supported by The Pew Charitable Trusts and other funders.

• Collaborates with state advocates and policymakers to lead a movement for high quality, voluntary pre-kindergarten for all three and four year olds.


• Increased Educational Success– Less grade repetition– Less special education– Improved social behavior and

cognitive abilities – Higher high school graduation

rates

• Increased Life Success– Lower teenage pregnancy rates– Less involvement in crime– Higher employment and earnings

Children Benefit from High-Quality Pre-K


Benefits of Pre-K: Four Outstanding Studies

• High/Scope Perry Preschool

• Abecedarian

• Chicago-Child Parent Centers (CPC)

• Tulsa Public Schools Pre-K Program


45%

15%

50%

66%

49%

37%

Graduated fromHigh School on

Time

Age 14 achievementat or above 10th

percentile

Received SpecialEducation

No Program Group Program Group

Perry Preschool: Educational Effects

Source: National Institute for Early Education Research


60%

37%

29%

40%

28%

14%

Earn $20K ormore

Own Home

Never onWelfare as Adult

No Program Group

Program Group

Perry Preschool: Economic Effects at Age 40



Perry Preschool: Chronic Lawbreakers by Age 40

36%

55%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Source: High/Scope Educational Research Foundation

Program

No Program


Cost Savingsper $1

Invested

Perry Pre-K $16

Abecedarian $2.5

CPC $10

Includes savings from less welfare usage, decreased crime and incarceration costs (except for Abecedarian), and higher participant productivity/earnings

Economic Returns of Pre-K


Effects of Tulsa Pre-k Program by Race/Ethnicity of Student

52% 53%

79%

49%

26% 29%39%

20%

6%

21%

54%

35%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

White Black Hispanic NativeAmerican

Letter-WordIdentification

Spelling

AppliedProblems

Source: The Effects of Oklahoma’s Universal Pre-Kindergarten Program on School Readiness. Gormley, W. (2004). Georgetown University Center for Research on Children in the U.S.


In reading, middle SES children are further behind upper SES children than low SES children are behind middle SES children

17.4

19.921.3

23.6

27.2

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Scale Score

Beginning kindergartners reading achievement by socioeconomic status

Low SES High SES


61

4536

26

15

0

20

40

60

80

100

Lowest Low middle Middle High middle Highest

Source: Inequality at the Starting Gate, Lee and Burkam (2002). Economic Policy Institute. Data source: NCES, The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-99 (ECLS-K)

Socioeconomic Status (SES)

Percent of beginning kindergartners in each SES level who do not know their letters

As Children Enter Kindergarten:• about one-third of middle income children do not know the alphabet • about one-quarter of upper-middle income children do not know the alphabet


New Studies of K-12 and Societal Savings

• New RAND Corporation Study in CA shows more than $2 savings for every dollar spent on a pre-k for all program in CA

• Recent studies by economists in LA, NY and WI show savings to K-12 from quality pre-k:

-- Lower grade retention

-- Less special ed

-- Increased classroom efficiency


Good Research Resource

• National Institute for Early Education Research

• www.nieer.org


Growth of state support for pre-k nationwide


Pre-K for All • Legislation and funding in place: Florida, Georgia, Oklahoma

• Legislation in place and being phased in: New York, West Virginia, Illinois, Iowa

• School funding formula: Iowa, Maine, Oklahoma, Wisconsin, Vermont, District of Columbia, West Virginia

Pre-K Access

• Access increased a remarkable 18% between 2004-05 and 2005-06

• Nationwide, nearly 950,000 children attended state pre-k

• The South continues to outpace all other regions of the country


7 States get a 9 or 10 on NIEER’s 10-Point Scale


Alabama – 10Arkansas – 9Illinois – 9New Jersey – 9North Carolina – 10Oklahoma – 9 Tennessee – 9


Stephanie Rubin

State Program Director

Pre-K Now

[email protected]

www.preknow.org

1025 F St, NWSuite 900Washington, DC 20004

202.862.9867 voice202.862.9870 fax


a nation where every child enters kindergarten prepared to succeed.

Pre-K Now’s vision…

February 2008 . February 2008 Pre-Kindergarten Research and the National Picture Tennessee Senate Education Committee February.

Documents

program slide

alphabet slide

prekindergarten research

quality pre

early education research

benefits of pre

low ses children

upper ses children