FeasibilityStudy

Ministry of Finance, Kabul, Afghanistan Feasibility Study and Appraisal | 24.Oct.2010 |FACULTY HOUSING |

API World Tower , Suite No. 902,Shk. Zayed Road, PO Box 121385, Dubai, UAETel : +971 4 3322460, Fax: +971 4 3329102

AZIZIINVESTMENTS.COM Afghanistan Ministry of Finance, Kabul Afghanistan I MINISTRY HEADQUARTERS I Oct-2010 I

© 2010, The AZ-Group Design Team

Azizi Investments LLC

Architectural/Structural/MEP / QS / Interior Consultants

Suite No. 902, API World Tower,Sheikh. Zayed Road,PO Box 121385, Dubai, UAET : +971 4 3322460, F: +971 4 3329102

eMails :[email protected]@aziziinvestments.com

Date of first issue: 24.Oct.2010Revision : 0

Checked : JamesApproved : Chandra

ClientMinistry of Finance, KabulIslamic Republic Of Afghanistan.

Dr. Omar Zakhilwal Minister for Finance

Mr. Abdul Razique Samadi Deputy Minister, Administration

Mr. Abdul Razaq Vahidi Director General

eMails : [email protected] [email protected]

Project ManagersNot Appointed Yet

CONSULTANTSArchitecture, Structural EngineerMEP, Quantity Surveyors & Interior DesignersAZ-Group Design Team, Dubai, UAE

Security ConsultantsNot Appointed Yet


. Contents

01 Executive Summary 1.01 Project Description 1.02 Project Brief 1.03 Design Intent

02 Project Requirement 2.01 Project Requirement

03 Site Context & Analysis 3.01 Site Analysis 3.02 Site Analysis

04 Design Form and Sketches 4.01 Concept/ Initial Sketches 4.02 Concept/ Initial Sketches 4.03 Concept/ Initial Sketches 4.04 Concept/ Initial Sketches

05 Sustainable Design


01 Executive Summary

The Afghanistan’s Ministry of Finance intends to build its headquarters in the Makroyan area and have engaged Ms. Azizi Group-Design Team(AzGDT) to propose a scheme for the entire development including Master Planning, Design of individual buildings, Infrastructure and related building services

This report examines the feasibility of such a project at the proposed site. It examines the various aspects of planning, construction and maintenance of such a development and recommends the initial “ design guidelines”

Any typical project from inception to completion is often a lengthy and complicated process. However, it does typically follow a fairly linear progression which can be conveniently summarised as :

Preparation• Feasibility or Appraisal (This Report .....)• Design Brief

Design• Concept Design• Design Development • Technical & Detail Design

Pre-Construction• Production Information (Building Regulations/ Authority Submissions)• Tender Documentation• Tender Action

Construction• Mobilisation• Construction to Practical Completion• Building Use

Post Practical Completion• Facility Management

This Feasibility report along with comments for the Client, forms the basis for Concept Design. The minimum requirements for the project listed in 2.01 will have to be furnished by the client and in its absence, suitable assumptions may to be established to proceed with a meaningful design.


01.01 Project Description

PROJECT SCOPE

The Afghanistan’s Ministry of Finance (MOF), intends to build its headquarters in the present Macroyan Millie Bus Stand area The project has been commissioned to be designed by Azizi Group-Design Team(AzGDT) in Dubai, UAE, to carry out the complete design and documentation. The scope of works include , but not limited to the following • - Master Planning & Landscape Design• - Infrastructure Planning of various services that are required• - Research on Security aspects of building siting.• - Architectural Design of various buildings of the Ministry• - Structural Design for all the Buildings• - MEP Design for all buildings and common Infrastructure• - Interior Design for all Buildings.

THE VISIONThe vision of the Minister for Finance were conveyed to the Design team in the first meeting held in Kabul on 22nd Sept 2010. In that meeting the Ministry has indicated that the following important facilities and design considerations be adopted : - Modern Buildings, to reflect the emerging economy of Afghanistan- Four Major Ministry Buildings housing the employees of various departments- Buildings interconnected in a lush green landscape- Sustainable Design and Eco Friendly Environment- A Multi-Use Conference centre to seat 2500 delegates at a time- Ample Car Parking for Public and Conference attendees- Separate Buildings for Departments of Customs, Revenue and Finance- These Departments with separate access will have to cater to public/ customers

THE SITE:Location : Macroyan (Old Millie Bus Stand)Coordinates : 34°31’26”N 69°11’51”E Site Area - 76,000 square metresExisting Buildings : To be Demolished and Site to be clearedThe site is Surrounded by the followingsNorth : Kabul RiverSouth : Public Buildings such as Omar Land Mine MuseumEast : Macroyan Residential Layout developed by the RussiansWest : Private Property / Commercial Area. Topography : Fairly flat,and gentle sloping towards North

SITE SPECIFIC INFORMATIONViews :Access :Orientation :Proximity :Security :

Existing Ministry Offices in Kabul, 2010.


01.02 Project Brief

DESIGN BRIEFThe next stage of the project is to arrive at a comprehensive Design Brief which will be written by the consultants along with the Client. Once the Design brief is finalised and agreed by the Client, the Design process can begin

What is Design Brief ?A design brief is a written document outlining, in complete detail, the objectives & corresponding design strategies for a design project.

A good design brief should answer the following questions:PURPOSE : Why are we doing this project? TIME LINE : Why are we doing it now? GOAL : What specific outcomes/ results, do we expect from this project? TARGET USER : Who are we designing for (this requires a very precise and complete description of the target audience )STAKEHOLDER : Who are the key stakeholders (eg Govt., Tax Officials, Revenue, etc )PHASING : What, precisely, are the phases of this design project? HANDOVER : How much time must be devoted to each phase for completion? COSTING : How much will each phase cost? CONTRACTING: What is the competitive environment for local contractors like? APPROVAL : Who will approve the final design solution? and What criteria will be used for this approval? IMPLEMENTATION : How will the design solution be implemented? SUCCESS : Current industry trends, the competition, scope, time-line, budget and measurement of success metrics.

The following list summarises the fundamental information required in order to proceed with the Concept Design.

• A list of required general facilities.• The functions of the various buildings in the complex.• A list of all Departments within each building. • The interrelationship of Departments.• Department Organisation Charts• An estimate of the number of staff which are to accommodated.• An indication of the differing “Grades” of staff;• Their furniture requirements, privacy levels,etc ie open plan, screened office space,

enclosed office space. Etc• An indication of necessary basic facilities in terms of Filing, Storage, photocopy/fax/

data scan centres, Meeting Rooms. Training Rooms, , Exhibition Space , Interview Rooms, Waiting Areas,

• Reception, Postal Rooms etc• An indication of necessary basic facilities in terms of Filing, Storage, photocopy/fax/

data scan centres, Meeting Rooms. Training Rooms, Waiting Rooms, Exhibition Space , Interview Rooms, Waiting Areas,

• Reception, Postal Rooms, IT Infrastructure Data Centres and Server Rooms etc• A list of required shared facilities, such as mosque, prayer room, canteen, restaurant,

recreation facilities.

• Project Specific Requirements are detailed in Table 2 in the following pages

The new Site for MOF adjoining the Kabul river. (Boundary shown in Yellow)

LIST OF CLARIFICATIONS

There are many items of information which need to be supplied by the Ministry in order to be able to proceed with a meaningful design.

The concerned ministry officials will require to provide information on their respective departments and submit this information to the Azizi Group Design Team.

Fundamental to Azizi Group’s interest in this project is the ability to develop a design strategy to help the Ministry of Finance build an iconic, modern government office to serve the people of Afghanistan and symbolise the governments pledge to bring Afghanistan to the forefront of world


01.03 Design Intent

DESIGN INTENT

Located on a piece of land of approx. 73,000 square metres, next to the Kabul river,The Design must take measures to ensure the following• Good access by public transport• Green areas to reduce the carbon footprint• Orientation of buildings to regulate solar gain• Provide a safe secure environment.

The Multi Use Conference Centre will accommodate 2500 delegates. The centre will take the form an individual building with its own distinct identity. This will be independent of the other buildings and will require to have separate access, security and parking. The building will be used for internal Ministry functions as well as for external gatherings, conferences and presentations. As such it needs to be designed with facilities to the highest international standards.

THE VISION• The building facilities and its design will require to reflect the emerging state of Afghanistan and its desire to take its place in the

modern world.• The buildings will also have to reflect a functional , sustainable and eco friendly approach which will require to balance the use of

materials, form, circulation, orientation, security, landscaping etc to maximum effect.• The design of the building complex will require to recognize the significance of the site and maximize its potential, exploiting

wherever possible views to the river and the surrounding city and hills, while, at the same time offering a traditional introspective quality to the spaces between the buildings in the form of landscaped courts and piazza’s filled with trees and water features to provide a relaxing environment and take advantage of the relatively temperate climate which Kabul enjoys.

THE OBJECTIVES• To provide a low maintenance sustainable design with the following considerations. • Sufficient accommodation to satisfy the Ministry of Finance requirements for the foreseeable future. ie the next 5 and 10 year plans.• Sufficient flexibility to enable change in use without waste of material• Minimised water, electricity, drainage and irrigation consumption.• Natural ventilation and cooling• Minimal AC requirement.• Maximum cost effective security built into the construction.• Minimise intrusive security• A site concept which is “open” to the public and contributes a strong image of open and transparent government.• A site layout which adds value to the area and contributes valuable open space to the local community

THE INITIAL CONCEPT• The Ministry of Finance is to be a modern government office; to be built in the “Modern Classic” style to reflect the emerging

economy of Afghanistan. • The building complex is to consist of four major buildings interconnected in a lush landscaped eco-friendly environment.• It is anticipated that the Main Ministry Building housing the Ministry of Finance will be located at the inner core of the site. This

Ministry is not public facing and will be given maximum security in terms of its location and surroundings. Car parking will be secure and underground.

• Departments which require to accommodate visits by the general public, will be located on the periphery of the site, with their own separate security provisions and surface parking for visitors.

• Departments of Customs & Revenue• Department of Finance • A Multi- Use Conference Centre


PROJECT REQUIREMENTS The designers at AzGDT, have summerised the proceedings of the initial meeting and discussion held on 22-Sep-2010, with the Client, and have used the following criteria as a starting point :

– The Site is located at the old Millie Bus Stand. (Client to confirm with Survey drawing) – The desire to achieve a recognisable and institutional form; – The desire to move towards a sustainable and eco-friendly architecture – The orientation of the building towards significant land and river views; – Define the major departments of the Ministry as separate buildings; – Create a multi-use conference centre for both in-house and external use – Layout these buildings in a green and lush landscape; – Rationalise structural design to suit unique building shape and sizes; – Floor plate areas tuned to meet briefed unit sizes.

However, there are many missing or required information from the Ministry in order to proceed with a meaningful design. These required information is listed below for the concerned ministry officials to fill and submit back to the Azizi Group’s Design Team. Fundamental to Azizi Group’s interest in this project is the ability to develop a design strategy to help the Ministry of Finance to build an iconic, modern government edifice to serve the people of Afghanistan.

The following table summaries the assumptions for an initial concept study(in the absence of “Client Brief”) However detailed information on the spatial & functional requirements have to be furnished by the MOF which are listed in the following pages

Ref. Description No of Employees Total Built-up Area

1 Finance Ministry’s Main Building 1500 10,000 m2

2 Department of Customs and Excise 400 4000

3 Department of Finance 600 6000

4 Any Other Department/(s) List here

5 Conference Centre 2500 capacity 4000

6 Entrance Gates with Security Gaurd Houses

7 Covered Car Park for Staff max 10008 Open Carpark for Visitors to Ministry max 200

9 Carparking for Conference Centre max 1000

10 Villa for the Minister

– 11 Security Dept.

Table .1 Basic Assumption for preliminary Concept Study for the Ministry of Finance.

02 Project Requirement


02.01 Project Requirement

The following list summarises the minimum information required in order to enable the design team to proceed with a proper Concept Design for the MOF Quarters.

1 A list of required general facilities.

2 The functions of the various buildings in the complex.

3 A list of all Departments within each building.

4 The interrelationship of Departments.

5 Department Organisation Charts

6 An estimate of the number of staff which are to accommodated.

7 An indication of the differing “Grades” of staff;

8 Their furniture requirements, privacy levels,etc

9 open plan, screened office space, enclosed office space. Etc

10 An indication of necessary basic facilities in terms of Filing, Storage, photocopy/fax/data scan centres, Meeting Rooms. Training Rooms, , Exhibition Space , Interview Rooms, Waiting Areas,

11 Reception, Postal Rooms etc

12 An indication of necessary basic facilities in terms of Filing, Storage, photocopy/fax/data scan centres, Rooms for Meeting, Training, Waiting, Interview and Exhibition Space , Interview Rooms....

13 Reception, Postal Rooms, IT Infrastructure Data Centres and Server Rooms etc

14 A list of required shared facilities, such as mosque, prayer room, canteen, restaurant, recreation facilities.

15 A list of public facilities to be provided. Eg separate restaurant/coffee shop. Photocopy/Typing Shops

16 Public Canteen facilities with commercial Kitchen

17 Private Canteen for Staff or shared with public Canteen. Table .2 Spatial and Function Requirements, to be furnished by the client.

A full briefing document for the Conference Centre is required, including:-

1 The size and type of presentations to be accommodated.

2 Requirement for ancillary meeting rooms

3 Business Centre

4 Translation Facilities

5 TV Broadcast facilities

6 Food and Beverage outlets (Restaurants/Coffee Shops)

7 Exhibition Space

8 Pre Function Areas

9 Parking provision Table .3 Spatial and Function Requirements, for conference centre to be furnished by the client

TECHNICAL INFORMATION REQUIREDThe client is to provide/ confirm the following information

• A fully detailed Survey Plan with contours indicating Boundary Location coordinates, levels and any service wayleaves, underground, overhead.

• Details of required levels of security. • Degree of planning flexibility to be

adopted (Eg demountable/re locatable partitions)

• Degree of flexibility of services installations. (Raised modular floors, demountable ceilings)


03 Site Context & Analysis

SITE LOCATION

As architects and urban planners, Azizi Group-Design Team have taken into consideration following parameters in evaluating and appraisal:

- - Suitability of land for the proposed development- Adequacy of land area to house the requirements- Vehicular and Pedestrian Access to Site - Security issues relating to functioning of Govt offices.


03.01 Site Analysis

LAND USEIn the absence of a Land-use plan or the Urban design guidelines for Kabul, it is assumed that Institutional and Government building are feasible in the predominantly Residential area of the Makroyan Area.

SITE PARAMETERSAs architects and urban planners, AzG-DT, have taken into consideration following parameters in evaluating and appraisal:- Suitability of land for the proposed development- Adequacy of land area to house the requirements- Vehicular and Pedestrian Access to Site - Security issues relating to functioning of Govt offices.

APPRAISAL- The site is centrally located with in the Kabul City in the Makroyan neighborhood- The site has good access from all the three major side- Public transport can bring employees and customers to the MOF SOME RECOMMENDATION

1. For security reasons it is advisable to acquire the piece of land which forms a pocket at the southern side

2. Departments predominently accessed by general public/ customers will require to have a separate secured access

The Site as surveyed in its existing condition (Area : 77, 200 m2 )

The Site shown with additional shaded area (Totalling to 93,500 m2)


03.01 Site Analysis

LAND USEIn the absence of a Land-use plan or the Urban design guidelines for Kabul, it is assumed that Institutional and Government building are feasible in the predominantly Residential area of the Makroyan Area.

SITE PARAMETERSAs architects and urban planners, AzG-DT, have taken into consideration following parameters in evaluating and appraisal:- suitability of land for the proposed development- adaqucy of land area to house the requirements- Vehicular and Pederstrian Access to Site - Security issues relating to functioning of Govt offices.

APPRAISAL- The site is centrally located with in the Kabul City in the Makroyan neighboorhood- The site has good access from all the four three major side- Public transport can bring employees and customers to the MOF

Site Boundary Vehicular Access to site Pedestrian Access to site

Sun Path Prevailing Winds Views from Site


04 Design Form

DESIGN FORM

• Utilise medium depth floor plate to en-sure flexibility in use and maximize the use of natural light and ventilation and minimize the need for electricity and Air Conditioning.

• Group buildings around courtyards treated alternatively with lush land-scaping or reflective pools to provide a traditional introspective quality filled with trees and water features to provide a relaxing environment in order to take advantage of the relatively temperate climate which Kabul enjoys.

• Treat common areas such as librar-ies, mosque, etc as “jewel like” objects within the courtyards.

• The Buildings to be clad in glass, insu-lated panels and local stone; heavily insulated to control heat gains in sum-mer and heat losses in winter.

• Façade orientation and active and pas-sive sun shading, mushrabia etc to maxi-mize solar gain in winter while minimiz-ing heat gain in summer.

• A central glazed Atrium/Concourse space linking the main departments of the Ministry Building, will be naturally lit and ventilated with the facility to “purge’ heat from the space with cool night air in summer, and use heat recovery meth-ods to provide heating in winter.


04.01 Concept / Initial Sketches

SCHEMATIC SITE PLAN AND LANDSCAPE CONCEPTLush greenary, Serene Water Features and ponds, Formal Courtyards and Piazzas’ SCHEMATIC PARKING LAYOUT

Underground Parking for 1000 Cars



SCHEMATIC OFFICE CONCEPTPerimetre offices , Open Plan Desking, Centrally located Meeting Rooms and Presentation Rooms





TYPICAL OFFICE LAYOUT

TYPICAL OFFICE LAYOUT


05 Sustainable Design

5.0 GOALS•Provide at all times, a secure

environment for visitors, the public and staff .

•Encourage provision and use of public transport.

•Encourage eco friendly personal transport in the form of bicycles, small cars etc

•Use sustainable materials•Recognise the need for a “Lifetime”

assessment of materials used in the building.

•Develop a “Green Building” approach to design and selection of materials.

•Avoid the use of VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds)

•Use natural lighting and ventilation wherever possible

•Minimise power and water consumption.

•Provide public space which will add value to the local community.

•Incorporate modern current threat detection systems and installations.

•Set an example and create guidelines for other Government Departments to follow in the future.

5.1.1 ARCHITECTURAL; SITE•The aim is to achieve the following•Control heat gain and loss by careful

building orientation .•Encourage natural cross ventilatio•Provide shaded planted landscaped

areas with trees which will have the beneficial effect of reducing dust and the carbon footprint.

•Utilise native and indigenous plants to reduce water consumption.

•Minimise water for irrigation. Use scheduled irrigation systems where required.(Install soil moisture sensors) (Irrigate at night)

•Use ground cover to minimize water loss through evaporation.

••Usewaterfeaturestoprovidenaturalcooling, fountains to improve humidity.

5.1.2 THE BUILDING LAYOUT•Use ground cover to minimize water

loss through evaporation.•Use water features to provide natural

cooling, fountains to improve humidity.

5.1.2 THE BUILDING LAYOUTThe aim is to achieve the following :-•Provide an economic plan depth which

will enable the use of natural lighting and natural ventilation.

•Provide shading to the surroundings•Encourage natural air flow between

and under buildings.•Centralise facilities such as rest rooms,

pantries, etc to minimize service runs.•Provide refuse reclamation points

throughout the development. (Refuse to be sorted at the workplace into recyclable and non recyclable.)

•Consider the provision of modular demountable partitions and raised serviceable floors to enable flexibility in use, minimize disruption and wastage over the life of the building.

5.1.3 THE BUILDING ENVELOPE The aim is to achieve the following :-•Minimise heat loss through the

structure of walls and roof structures by incorporating insulation in accordance with international regulations.

•Utilise solar gain to provide a heat sink effect in colder winter months.

•Provide shading internally to windows in the form of adjustable louvred blinds.

•Provide adjustable and controllable external shade to mitigate the effects of unwanted solar gains.

•Provide sufficient openable window area to enable natural cross ventilation.

•Utilise Light Shelves fixed outside windows to provide solar shading while reflecting light deep into the building.(Reducing the need for artificial lighting.)

•Provide shade to external balconies and patios’

•Introduce naturally lit and ventilated buffer zones for circulation spaces.

•Utilise a mixture of solid to void ratio of approximately 50% to maximize even distribution of daylight to interior.

•5.2.0 MEP INSTALLATIONS5.2.1 WATER CONSUMPTIONMeasures to limit water consumption including.Consider stand alone installations rather than site wide distribution to avoid extensive distribution systems.•Water reducing measures such as use of

efficient fixtures and fittings•Avoidance of leakage and early

detection of same.•Water sensitive landscaping•Minimise grassed areas (No sprinklers)

use drip feed irrigation and low ground cover.

•Irrigate at night to reduce evaporative losses.

•Storage and use of rainwater run off.•Use of dual flush toilets•Waterless urinals•Automatic cut off and/or sensor

operated taps•Flow restrictions or tap aerators.•Low Flow shower heads.•Use of treated “gray water” for external

cleaning, landscaping.•Collect and store rainwater for toilet

flushing.

5.2.2 ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTIONLimit the consumption of electricity by the following methods. •Use of low energy fittings•Limit the operation of high demand

equipment.•Utilise off peak consumption wherever

possible.•Consider some functions will only

operate at night. Eg Irrigation pumps•Utilise low lux level general lighting•Provide task lighting•Use zone lighting to provide greater

control

•Utilise off peak consumption wherever possible.

•Consider some functions will only operate at night. Eg Irrigation pumps

•Utilise low lux level general lighting•Provide task lighting•Use zone lighting to provide greater

control•Install motion detectors, timers etc to

control lighting use and duration.•Co ordinate with architects to maximize

use of natural daylight•Consider electrically controlled blinds

to maximize daylight penetration on shaded elevations.

•Utilise self contained solar power units for external lighting.

•Consider Photo voltaic system on the roof to generate power for lighting, fans etc

•Consider solar heating for hot water.

5.2.3 AIR CONDITIONING•Minimise Air Conditioning by

consideration of the following methods.

•Minimise the number of areas to be served by air-conditioning

•Serve only those areas which require to be within a comfort zone.

•Control temperature range on a zone by zone basis.(Minimise the size of each control zone to 100 sq mtrs .)

•Co ordinate with architect to maximize natural cooling and ventilation

•Co ordinate with architect to maximize insulation levels, provide adjustable solar shading, etc

•Consider Displacement Air Conditioning

•Consider cooling of building at night. (Night purging.)

•Consider evaporative cooling ponds.(Co ordinate with architect)

•Consider independent control of differing building zones (Orientation, frequency of use, occupation etc


6.1.2 VEHICULAR CONTROL•Establish defensible “perimeter”using

a combination of walls, land features, landscaping, pools etc

•Vehicle Access areas to have buffer zones with separate sets of interlinked sliding steel gates.

•Buffer zones to include car check installations such as full underbody examination system.(Such as VISOR) as well as vehicle X ray equipment which can detect explosives and hidden personnel.

•Driveways to include hydraulically raised bollards or barriers to prevent access (or exit)

•Car Park ramps to include rise up anti explosive barriers.

•Pool features to incorporate anti vehicle trench details.(Non visible)

6.2.0 BUILDING SECURITY•Personnel Security Scanners at all

entrances•Alarmed entrance and exit doors•CCTV system throughou•Motion detector system•Night time security lighting.•• BombBlastcurtainsorlouvresto

exposed windows 6.3.0 PERSONAL SECURITY•Provision of safe rooms. •Escape Routes, safety chutes etc.

7.0.0 MATERIAL SELECTION 7.1.0 ARCHITECTURAL•Materials to be selected on

consideration of their environmental production costs.(Ie energy and material consumption, transportation, content of recyclable material etc,)

•Preferred use of local materials to reduce transportation costs.

•Energy Offsets ie, materials with high production cost can sometimes be weighed against low maintenance.

•Use of Low Emissive products eg in paints, carpets, solvents, glues etc

•Use of recycled materials.•Use of timber from sustainable

certifiable resources. •Avoid the use of VOCs(Volatile Organic

Compounds)•Follow best practice for waste collection,

separation and recycling.

7.2.0 MEP•Tobeadvised

7.3.0 LANDSCAPE•Useofindigenousplants•Useoflocalmaterials

•Consider pre heat or pre cool incoming air.

•Consider use of thermal mass to assist in maintaining a stable environment and reduce the need for air conditioning.

5.2.4 DRAINAGE• Separate gray water from waste water

for treatment and reuse•Treat waste water suitable for discharge

to river.•Store treated water for toilet flushing,

Irrigation etc•Consider effect of water saving

devices as noted in section 5.2.1 (Water Consumption.)

•5.2.5 LIGHTING•Use of low energy fittings•Utilise low lux level general lighting•Provide task lighting•Use zone lighting to provide greater

control•Consider “soft starting” equipment and

procedures.•Install occupancy sensors, timers etc to

control lighting use and duration.•Co ordinate with architects to maximize

use of natural daylight•Consider electrically controlled blinds

to maximize daylight penetration on shaded elevations.

•Utilise self contained solar power units for external lighting.

6.0.0 SAFETY AND SECURITY 6.1.0 SITE SECURITY•The following measures to be

considered 6.1.1 PEDESTRIAN CONTROL•Control of access by use of land

features, landscaping, wide pool structures etc rather than walls/fences.

•Consider control layer zones.(From low security to high security areas.)

•Perimeter check points.•Avoid “porous “boundaries.•


FeasibilityStudy

Documents

ministry structural

buildings mep design

design considerations

complete design

meaningful design

design of individual

initial design guidelines

site analysis design