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2008/9/25 宇宇宇宇宇宇宇宇宇宇 WS Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction cross sections at J-PARC IPNS, KEK Nobuaki Imai
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Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction cross sections at J-PARC

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Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction cross sections at J-PARC. IPNS, KEK Nobuaki Imai. n SNS. http://www.phy.ornl.gov/nusns. Contents. Scientific motivation KARMEN experiment @ISIS Decay-at-Rest neutrinos Detectors @ n SNS Yield estimation @ J-PARC - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Page 1: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction cross sections at J-PARC

IPNS, KEKNobuaki Imai

Page 2: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

SNS http://www.phy.ornl.gov/nusns

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Page 3: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Contents

Scientific motivation KARMEN experiment @ISIS Decay-at-Rest neutrinos Detectors @ SNS Yield estimation @ J-PARC Background estimation @ SNS Nuclear & particle physics interests

Page 4: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Scientific motivation

Delayed supernovae explosion SN1987A

From SNS proposal

Neutrino is a key player.

neutrino luminosity energy spectrum angular distribution

~ 10%

Page 5: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Direct measurement -KARMEN experiment-

Pulsed Decay at Rest neutrinos

Active target 12C 6x3.5x3.2m3

liquid scint. module x512

Veto counter Iron shield 18cm thick 180t anti-detector (plastic) x96 outer shield detector x 120

B. Zaitnitz, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. Vol.32 pp351

Page 6: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Result of KARMEN experiment

4399 Coulomb (3years)

= Y 3.0x1013 /cm2 @ 17.5m

12C(e,e-)12Ng.s 223.2+/-13.5 events [8.9+/-0.6+/-0.75]10-42 cm2

12C(e,e-)12N* 206+/-46 events [6.4+/-1.45+/-1.4]10-42 cm2

12C(,’)12C* [10.8+/-1.1+/-1.2]10-42 cm2

B. Zaitnitz, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. Vol.32 pp351

Page 7: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Decay-at-rest neutrino

p

1 GeVHg

π+

π

capture

~ 99%

μ+

νμ

τ ~ 26 ns

30 MeV

νe

e+

νμ

τ ~ 2.2 μs

< 52.6 MeV

FREE

Page 8: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Energy spectrum of DAR-

νe

νe

νμ, νμ, ντ, ντ

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 800

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

Lum

inos

ity (

×10

51 e

rg/s

)

Energy (MeV)

Super nova

νeνμ

ν-SNS

νμ

Page 9: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

DAR -Flux@J-PARC

Y(J-PARC) ~10Y(ISIS)

7)GeV8.0(

)GeV3(

I E

ISIS 200A 800 MeV

J-PARC 333A 3 GeV

X1.5 x7

~ 2 × 107 (νe+νμ+νμ)/cm2/s@ 20m

Page 10: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Detectors @ SNS

(νe,e-) : charged current

detect

AZNAZ+1N-1

νe e

Solid target: Fe, Al, Pb…

Liquid target: C (paraffin), O (water), d (heavy water)…

Page 11: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Solid target detector• mass ~ 10 t• easy exchange• time resolution ~ several ns• 3D-tracking and PI• energy resolution ~ several MeV

Corrugated target Fe d=0.75 mm 10 t

Drift tube 14,200  radius 8 mm 、 length 3 m   tube: metal-vapored mylar  gas: CF4 (84 ns for 8 mm)   charge division: tracking

Fidusial volume: 2.0×2.0×3.0 m3

Segmented detectors

Page 12: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Liquid target detector

Ring-imaging Cherenkov detector Fiducial volume 3.5 × 3.5 × 3.5 m3

8-inch PMTs #600      →  41% surface coverage   Hamamatsu R5912     σq ~ 0.6 photon 、 σt ~ 1.2 ns

Liquid target

Page 13: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Detector setup

(A)Solid target

(B) Liquid target

(C) Fe Shield

(D) Veto counters

(A)

3.5 m

2 m

(B)

3.5

m

(C) 1 m

0.5 m0.5 m

(D)

Measurementsat the same time  →  Normalization}

Page 14: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Yield estimation @ J-PARC

ν flux 2×107 /s/cm2 @ 20m Fe 10 t   σ ~ 2.5×10-40 cm2  →  46 events/day   efficiency (PI, veto system dead time) ~30%            →  15 events/day (~3000 events/year)

Liquid target (volume 15.5 m3) paraffin CnH2n+2 (n~20), ρ=0.85 g/cm3

   σ=9.3×10-42 cm2 for X=Ngs   σ=5.1×10-42 cm2 for X=N*      →  2,800 events/year      →  1,260 events/year (ε=40%)

Page 15: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Backgrounds @ SNS

From cosmic rays   μ 130 Hz/m2

       ~2.5×108 events/day

   n    ~2.6 Hz/m2

       ~5.0×106 events/day

N from SNS       ~3×109 events/day  →  remove by time structure (>1.2 μs)

Fe 10 t  →  ~10 evts/day @ full power

Page 16: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Reduction of cosmic ray backgrounds

Cosmic ray μ

   2.5×108 /day  →  1.5×105 /day  →  1.5×103 /day  →

time window(<10μs)

Veto counters(ε=99%)

Reduction by PI

Cosmic ray n

   5×106 /day  →  3×103 /day  →  30 /day  →

time window(<10μs)

Fe shield(top 1 m, wall 0.5 m)

Reduction by PI

μ + Fe shield  →  n + X

   30 n /day  →Reductiion by PI

~ 1/10

~ 1/1000

~ 1/10

Page 17: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

Schedule

2009~ Background n measurement : N. Imai Detector development : Y.X. Watanabe

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Page 18: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Nuclear physics interest GT の direct measurement 1. Determination of geff

2. (p,n) 反応では分からない 30MeV 程度の励起状態での forbidden transition

12C()12N exp~10 x10-42 cm2 theo.~20x10-42 cm2

Where is the origin of the deviation ?

Page 19: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Particle physics interest

1. Lepton flavor number violation normal: rare decay(10-4):

2. Search for scalar and tensor term

ee

ee

nepe Search for this reaction

Page 20: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Theoretical calculation; (e,e-)

ZA(,e-)

...])()()()[,1(cos

)( 22222

GTBgFBeZFEkG

E effAee

cF

GF: Fermi constantc: Cabbibo angleEe,ke: energy and momentum of outgoing electronF(Z+1,Ee): distortion of outgoing electron wave function by Coulomb fieldgA

eff: effective axial-vector coupling constant

Page 21: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

Uncertainty of theoretical calc.1. Treatment of F(Z+1,Ee) ~ 50%

2. gAeff (~-10%) ? <-> quenching of B(GT)

3. Distribution of excited states (20-30%) cf.) up to L~4 contribution

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Fermi function

Fermi function +relativistic effect

C. Volpe et al., PRC65, 044603

Page 22: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Indirect measurement

Charge exchange reaction (3He,t), (p,n) reaction S=1, L=0 -> B(GT)

(1) High multipolarities ?    (2) Theory dependence (a) Normalization by -decay (b) Reaction theory is needed

Direct measurement

Page 23: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

• SK :

•KAMLAND:

•SNO:

•HOMESTAKE:

observatory

nepe )2.2( MeVdpn

eppde

xx npd

ArCl 3737 ee

16O+ 反応は測定されているはず。

Page 24: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

-12C reactions @KARMEN

12C(e,e-)12Ng.s.       Ee- < 35 MeV

         12C+e++e Ee+ < 15 MeV

e- と e+ の delayed coin: 時間、エネルギー、場所

12C(e,e-)12N*

11C+p Ee- > 17 MeV

   

12C(,’)12C*(1+;T=1,15.1 MeV) 12Cg.s. + (E=15.1MeV)

Page 25: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

Mass dependence

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

Target for DAR (cm2)12C 1.4x10-41 (exp.)

56Fe 2.6x10-40 (thor.)208Pb 3.6x10-39 (thor.)

Page 26: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

0

beam

500 1000 1500 2000Time (ns)

Inte

nsi

ty1 s

25 Hz (40 ms)

1014 p

1 MW (average)

Time structure of DAR- flux

Pulsed proton beam

νμ

νμ, νe

Suppression ~ 2.5e-5

Page 27: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

Site @ MLF

3GeV, 333A

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

70m

150m

Page 28: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

νμ

νμ, νe

0

beam

500 1000 1500 2000時間 (ns)

強度

ν-N 反応νe : charged current

検出

AZNAZ+1N-1

νe e

charged current

neutral current

AZNAZ*N

νμ

Z0

νμ 、 νμ : neutral current

decay

検出 ビーム由来バック・グラウンド大

pureneutral current

neutral current + charged current

Page 29: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

veto

(A)

3.5 m

2 m

(B)

3.5

m

(C) 1 m

0.5 m0.5 m

(D) 60 cm

Scint. (thickness 1 cm) 4 layers

Fe absorber (thickness 1.5 cm) 3 layers

長さ 4.5 m

• ≧ 2 photons/layer• ≧ 3 layer hits

μ    ~    99.5 %   γ    ~    0.005 % n   ~      0.07 %

false veto <10%  →  dead time

Page 30: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

セルのヒット数 → 飛程 →  PI 、 e のエネルギー

νe + Fe  →  e + X

固体標的検出器

Fe 標的  10 トン   σ ~ 2.5×10-40 cm2  →  46 events/day   efficiency (PI, veto system dead time) ~30%            →  15 events/day                   ~3000 events/year

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 800

1

2

3

強度

(a

.u.)

Energy (MeV)

νe

Energy (MeV)

0 10 20 30 40 500

500

1000

1500

2000

Co

un

ts (

a.u

.) e

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 200

500

1000

1500

2000

セル数

Co

un

ts (

a.u

.)

e

Page 31: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

液体標的検出器

エネルギー分解能   5~7% at 53 MeV位置分解能       15~20 cm角度分解能       3~5°

流動パラフィン CnH2n+2 (n~20), ρ=0.85 g/cm3

   ν flux 2×107 /s/cm2

   σ=9.3×10 cm2 for X=Ngs

   σ=5.1×10 cm2 for X=N*      →  180 events/year/m3

      →  2,800 events/year ( 標的体積 15.5 m3)      →  1,260 events/year (ε=40%)

Energy (MeV)

Q (

PE

)N

(P

MT

s)

25 30 35 40 45 5025

500

1000

1500

0

50

100

150

200

νe + C  →  e + X 28 光電子 /MeV

Page 32: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

宇宙線起源のバック・グラウンドの除去

時間構造   < 10 μs Fe シールド  天井  1 m 、壁  0.5 m 粒子識別  三次元飛跡測定 veto システム

0

beam

500 1000 1500 2000時間 (ns)

強度

νμ

νμ, νe

τ ~ 2.2 μs

Page 33: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

2008/9/25 宇宙核物理連絡協議会 WS

固体標的検出器でのバック・グラウンド除去

ゲート無し

+ time window (<10μs)

+ veto システム

+ 検出器外縁部 8cm に信号無し

+ <ΔE> < 10 keV

+ コンパクト

セル・ヒット数

セル・ヒット数

セル・ヒット数

セル・ヒット数

セル・ヒット数

セル・ヒット数セル・ヒット数

+ time window (>1.2μs)

B.G. ~ 10%

ν- N 反応n from SNS宇宙線 μ宇宙線 n

Page 34: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

4He(,’X) reaction

4He(,’)4He* 3He+n 3H+p~10x10-42 cm2

Gas 検出器 (1atm,300K) KARMEN 0.86/13.89=6.2x10-2 mol/cm3

gas 検出器  1./22.4x103=4.5x10-5 mol/cm3

-flux x10 3 GeV 330A P x10 10 atm で動く gas 検出器 V x10    12 m x 6.4 m x 7 m の大検出器 

X10-3

Sp=19.8 MeV

Sp=20.6 MeV

4He

NO STATE

Page 35: Feasibility study of neutrino charged-current reaction  cross sections at J-PARC

4He(,e-)4Li reaction

4He(,e-)4Li Q=-23.41 MeV 4Li 3He+p Q=3.1 MeV4He(,e+)4H Q=-24.01 MeV 4H 3H+n Q=2.98 MeV

Gas 検出器の周りを 10cm 厚のプラスチックシンチで覆う。

E < 30 MeV

E4Li < 0.35 MeV

E(3He) = 0.75 MeV/u = 8mm/10atm 4He