The most populous cities and municipalities in Leyte are:
The most populous cities and municipalities in Leyte are:
City/Municipality
City class
Areain km
Incomeclass
Urbanisation
Population
Total
Density/km
Tacloban CityHighly Urbanized City
201.72
0
urban
217,199
1,076.74
Ormoc CityIndependant City
613.60
1
partly urban
177,524
289.32
City Of BaybayComponent City
459.34
0
partly urban
102,526
223.20
PaloMunicipality
221.27
3
partly urban
56,781
256.61
AbuyogMunicipality
688.25
0
partly urban
56,097
81.51
HilongosMunicipality
192.92
2
partly urban
53,911
279.45
PalomponMunicipality
126.07
0
partly urban
52,530
416.67
BurauenMunicipality
265.33
1
partly urban
48,606
183.19
TanauanMunicipality
78.41
2
partly urban
47,426
604.85
KanangaMunicipality
144.20
1
partly urban
46,373
321.59
*Philippine-islands.phTheCity of BaybayCity is a city or in
theprovinceofLeyte,Philippines.According to the census in 2007, it
has a population reaching 102,536 people.It is located in the
western part of the province ofLeyte.It is surrounded by the town
ofAlbuera, Leytein the north, the town ofinopacansouth, the town
ofburauen,La Paz, LeyteandMacArthur, Leytein the northeast, the
town ofJavier, Leytein the east and the town ofMahaplag,
LeyteandAbuyog, Leytein the south-east.Also found theCamotes Seato
its west.It is located 600 kilometers to theMetro Manila, 57
kilometers nautical inCebu City, 44 kilometers south ofOrmoc City,
105 kilometers west ofTacloban Cityand 54 kilometers north of
theCity of Maasin.
The city is the second largest city inLeyteafterOrmoc
City{according to the size and extent of land with size} 410.5
km2or 46,050 hectares.When the city is the city yet and
includesLeyte, the largest town in the province in the wholeEastern
Visayas.Consequently, composed of 92 barangays, 24 are in the
poblacion and 68 are located in remote or rural areas.
Barangays[change|change basis]The city of Baybay is divided into
92barangays.
Altavista
Ambacan
Amguhan
Ampihanon
Balao
Banahao
Biasong
Bidlinan
Bitanhuan
Wells
Buenavista
Candadam
Can-ipa
Caridad
Ciabo
Cogon
Gas
Saws
Gacat
Guadalupe (Brother)
Gubang
Hibunawan
Higuloan
Hilapnitan
Hipusngo
Igang
Imelda
Jaena Sands
Kabatuan
Kabongaan
Kagumay
Kambonggan
Kansungka
Kantagnos
Kilim
Lintaon
Maganhan
Comfortable
Unknown
Brown
Makinhas
Mapgap
Marcos
Maslug
Sweet
Maybog
Maypatag
Monterico
Monteverde
Palhi
Pangasugan
Pansagan Flat
City
Poblacion Zone 1
Poblacion Zone 2
Poblacion Zone 3
Poblacion Zone 4
Poblacion Zone 5
Poblacion Zone 6
Poblacion Zone 7
Poblacion Zone 8
Poblacion Zone 9
Poblacion Zone 10
Poblacion Zone 11
Poblacion Zone 12
Poblacion Zone 13
Poblacion Zone 14
Poblacion Zone 15
Poblacion Zone 16
Poblacion Zone 17
Poblacion Zone 18
Poblacion Zone 19
Poblacion Zone 20
Poblacion Zone 21
Poblacion Zone 22
Poblacion Zone 23 Pomponan
Boundary
Sabang
Creek
San Agustin
San Isidro
San Juan
Sta.Cruz
Sto.Rosario
Villa Mag-aso
Villa Solidaridad
Zacarito
LRED: Results of the Rapid Appraisal of the Municipality of
Baybay Strengths Weaknesses/Points for improvement Enabling
environment The Mayor is having a realistic vision of local and
regional economic development (local resource based) LGU is still
heavily dependent on the IRA The business licensing process seems
to be largely corruption free For business start-ups, the
one-stop-shop is not yet fully implemented (no permanent local
office of national agencies like Phil Health, SSS etc. mostly
situated in Ormoc City) Moderate local taxes For business renewals,
the one-stop-shop is practically implemented LGU is providing
incentives to investors Small and medium enterprises, farmers
Entrepreneurial-spirited local environment No existing local
business yet engaged in producing virgin coconut oil New companies
were established and existing companies expanded or diversified
(abaca pulp mill, coconut oil mill, restaurant) indicating a
dynamic local/regional economy. The expansion of rice production
appears to be hampered by a variety of factors largely determined
on national level (e.g. agrarian reform, trade policy) There are
negotiations underway to attract foreign companies to Baybay (e.g.
Shenyang Furniture Corp.) Lack of low cost irrigation system for
rice cultivation There are ongoing initiatives on producing virgin
cocnut oil (LSU and GTZ-LIP) There are cooperatives with management
problems esp. in the field of micro-finance Micro-finance
institution(s) providing professional services to the poorer
sections of society Some economic activities appear
government-driven and may not be sustainable (micro-finance coop. +
tourism initiative) LRED: Results of the Rapid Appraisal of the
Municipality of Baybay Strengths Weaknesses/Points for improvement
There are ideas of developing local tourism Lack of technical
assistance on making project proposals and fund sourcing
Reportedly, there is a considerable number of active cooperatives
in the local area Lack of knowledge on technology for commercial
food processing and packaging Initiatives to promote backyard
aquaculture (tilapia) Support organizations The LGU has
successfully facilitated the attraction of investors from outside
Leyte There is no comprehensive plan of addressing the local
economic problems systematically Considerable number of
training/education providers (LSU, FCIC, Baybay Institute of
Technology) The local business chamber does not play an active role
in advocacy and entrepreneurship building. LGU, LSU, FIDA and
Provincial Gvt. are cooperating well in fighting the bunchy top
disease which is badly affecting abaca industry Investment
promotion needs improvement (e.g. updating of promo materials,
participation in outbound missions) Since other LGUs are less
active in fighting the bunchy top disease, the whole abaca industry
remains vulnerable Stronger cooperation between LGU and LSU needed
in other areas (e.g. undercropping of coconut plantations) Human
resources/ natural resources Unskilled human resources are in
abundance and relatively cheap Some companies report inadequate
attitudes of unskilled people For a town like Baybay, the local
supply of skilled labour is quite good Some skills (e.g. machine
operators) are not available locally Good endowment with natural
resources (water, fertile land, forests) So far, the potential of
coconut as raw material for textiles, furniture has not yet been
fully utilized LRED: Results of the Rapid Appraisal of the
Municipality of Baybay Strengths Weaknesses/Points for improvement
Potential for agricultural production (e.g. undercropping of
coconut plantations) is not fully utilized Fishing resources are
becoming depleted by inadequate fishing practices and population
pressures Generally good road network and nearly all Brgys. have
access to farm-to-market roads. No communication coverage in Brgy.
Hilapnitan (location of industrial activity) Communication
(cellphone, fixed lines, internet) is generally considered good.
Lack of air transport Ormoc Manila causes extra costs/time for
companies based in Manila The city administration has upgraded the
towns infrastructure (public market, bus terminal). Real estate in
Baybay commercial center is reported to be quite expensive. Port
facilities in Baybay proper and Brgy. Hilapnitan existing and being
improved Power prices are generally considered high There are
still, though few, brownouts Major industrial users of power are
supplied directly by NAPOCOR and avail of the electricity at a
lower price No regular bus transport at night Real estate outside
commercial center quite cheap Better services of the regular ferry
service to Cebu needed Infrastructure Shallow port in Baybay poses
limits to the kinds of vessels that can come inLocal and Regional
Economic Development in Leyte Province: Report on the Second Rapid
Appraisal Mission (Baybay, Palompon, Carigara)-GTZ of Germany
Municipality/City:CITY OF BAYBAYRegionREGION VIII (Eastern
Visayas)Code080000000
ProvinceLEYTECode083700000
Municipality/CityCITY OF BAYBAYCode083708000
Income Classification:-Registered Voters(2010): 55,266
Population: (as of May 1, 2010): 102,841
District:5th
Barangays(Number:
Philippine Statistical Authority-national statistical
coordination board
BAYBAY CITYHistory and early beginnings Baybay was believed to
be the only settlement on the western coast of Leyte known to the
rst Spanish conquistadores that came with Magellan, as was Abuyog
in the eastern part of the province and Limasawa and Cabalian in
the south. In 1620, the Jesuit fathers formally founded the town
after building a church and a mission house which belonged to the
residencia of Carigara, the rst and central station of the Society
of Jesuits in Leyte.
By superior approbation, Baybay was created a parish on
September 8, 1835 with the invocation of Our Lady on theImmaculate
Conception. However, the town was erected an independent parish on
February 27, 1836.When the Augustinians took over the
administration of the parish after the explosion of the Jesuits,
they opened the rst school in Baybay. During their time, the rst
road leading to Palompon was constructed, thus bringing Baybay
closer to her neighboring municipalities. The Augustinian fathers
stayed in the town for 75 years all of which they devoted to the
upliftment of the natives in education and in their economic
standing.
Ang suba nagbaybay sa PangasuganThe rst church of Baybay was
built in Brgy. Punta where it still stands today but is in need of
repair. Punta is one of the seven original barangays of Baybay and
was believed to be the original site of Baybay itself, although
there are others who say that it was actually in Kabkab, in the
vicinity of Brgy. Pangasugan.
Chinese invaders attempted to conquer the community but several
attempts were foiled by the brave and staunch natives. When the
Spanish conquistadores spread themselves out to the provinces, an
expeditionary force under Felipe Segundo evidently looking for a
bigger settlement landed in a barangay north of the town which was
and still called Pangasugan. Landing near the river, he pointed to
a spot and asked a native in Spanish for the name of the place.
Unable to understand Spanish and thinking that Felipe Segundo
wanted to ask about the river, he answered in Visayan, Ang suba
nagbaybay sa Pangasugan. This is how Baybay got its name.
Baybay had also suffered from Moro raids. On October 22, 1605,
one such raid occurred and the pirates, after leaving countless
dead, carried off 60 men as captives. Again, on November 4, 1663,
Moros under the dreaded Corralat took their toll of human lives and
captives after mercilessly slaughtering the handful of men defended
the town with the aid of the parish priest. Baybay had suffered a
great setback in 1866 when a great re practically reduced the town
to ashes leaving only the chapel of the Holy Cross in a miraculous
manner. The civil administration of the town during the Spanish era
was placed in the hands of the gobernadorcillo, assisted by a
teniente and the different jueces and cabezas. In 1892, in
accordance with the provisions of the Mayura law, the head of the
municipal government was given the designation of Captain Municipal
and his assistants were called teniente mayor indice and the
teniente de policia. For the rst time, a muez de paz was designated
and a detachment of guardians civil was placed in the town.
The construction of the church which still stands today begun
under the engineering administration of Mariano Vasnillio during
the term of Fr. Vicente E. Coronado in 1852. The construction
lagged for ten years after the work was resumed under Maestro
Proceso, who came from Manila for the purpose of nishing the work.
The church was nally nished in 1870 after Capitan Mateo Espinoso, a
sculptor and painter of renown, put on the nishing touches. The
altar and the rails, as they stand today, are a testament to his
skill andvision.Asthe Spanish residents moved away in the early
months of 1898, the reins of the local government passed completely
into the hands of the Filipino ofcials. An election was held and
Don Quirimon Alkuino was elected as the rst Filipino presidente.
However, after about four months, Gen. Vicente Lukban nullied the
results of the election and ordered one to be held, with the same
results. Lukban ordered that the brgys. of Baybay be named after
the tenientes thus Caridad was renamed Veloso, Plaridel became
Alvarado, Bi tanhuan was named Coronado, San Agustin Sabando, Punta
Virginenza, Pomponan Montefolka, Gabas Bartolini, etc.
City of Baybay Today
Baybay is situated on the western coast of Leyte, immediately
fronting the Camotes Islands bounded by the Camotes Sea of Cebu,
where it lays beyond the Queen City of the South, Cebu City.
City of Baybay has a total land area of46,050 hectares, and is
known to be one of the largest in terms of land area in the Eastern
Visayas region. It is divided into ninety-two (92) barangays,
composed of 10 urban barangays and 82 rural barangays.
Based on the 2007 Population Census report, the city is
inhabited by 102,256 people, which is 6.93 percent higher than that
of the 2000 gure. In the last 20 years, the population of Baybay
has been growing at an average of 1.43 percent annually.
Predominantly identied as an agri-shery-based economy, its
agricultural lands is well-suited for rice, corn, coconut, root
crops, fruits, vegetables, livestock production and is abundant in
sheries resources, particularly in the coastal areas.
Located along the western coastal area of the province and
inter-connected by concrete road network from the east, north and
south, City of Baybays potential as a satellite economic hub to
Tacloban City is well recognized. At present, there are two big
manufacturing companies and about 87 different types of business
establishments operating in the city.
Endowed with a beautiful scenery and rich natural resources, the
City offers a number of tourist attractions. Beautiful natural
rivers, hot springs, nature pool and falls, beaches, caves, and old
relics can be found within the City limits. The City is also home
to the Visayas State University, a locally and internationally
renowned tertiary institution that specializes in agricultural
research and education.
Geographic, political and physical SettingRegional SettingThe
City of Baybay is located within the Eastern Visayas Region
(Region-VIII). It is bounded by the Bicol Region in the North,
Western and Central Visayas Regions in the West, the Leyte Gulf and
the Philippine Sea in the East , and the Caraga, Zamboanga
Peninsula and Northern Mindanao Regions in the South. The region is
composed of three islands namely Biliran, Samar and Leyte. It has
an approximate land area of 21,431.6 km composed of six provinces
namely: Samar, Northern Samar, Eastern Samar, Biliran, Leyte and
Southern Leyte. As of March 31, 2009, the region is composed of 136
municipalities and 7 cities with 12 Congressional Districts. The
regional center is Tacloban City which is approximately 96
kilometers away from Baybay. Component Cities include Borongan City
in Eastern Samar, Calbayog City and Catbalogan City in Samar,
Maasin City in Southern Leyte, and Ormoc City in Leyte (Figure
2.1).
Provincial SettingThe Province of Leyte is bounded by the
Province of Southern Leyte in the South, Province of Cebu in the
East, Province of Bohol in the Southwest, Provinces of Biliran and
Samar in the North. It has an approximate land area of 5,712.8
square kilometers. The Province is composed of one highly urbanized
city (HUC), three cities, and 40 municipalities with ve
congressional districts. Major urban centers include the HUC of
Tacloban, and the Independent Component City of Ormoc and Baybay
(Figure 2.2)
City Setting Location.The City of Baybay is located
approximately1244730 E Longitudeand1041 N Latitude. It is bounded
by the Municipalities of Albuera and Burauen in the North,
Municipalities of La Paz, Mac Arthur, Javier, Abuyog, and Mahaplag
in the East, South by the Municipality of Inopacan and the Camotes
Sea in the West.
Land area and Political Subdivision.Based on the records
provided by the City Planning and Development Ofce, the City has an
approximate land area of 46,050 hectares.
The City is composed of 92 barangays, 10 of which are classied
as urban and the remaining 82 are rural (Table 2.1a and Figure
2.4). Land Classication. The Citys alienable and disposable lands
or lands belonging to the private domain are mostly situated along
level slope areas along the coastal zone and foot hills of the
Leyte Cordillera (NAMRIA, 2008). According to the Table 2.1b Land
Area per Barangay, City of Baybay, 2009CENRO Environment and
Natural Resources Statistical Prole, about 15,556 hectares of
Baybays land area are classied as alienable and disposable lands,
which is roughly a third of the Citys total land area. These areas
can also be found in relatively at to hilly portions in the
southern portion of the City.
Areas belonging to the public domain include pockets of
timberlands found in Brgys. Punta and Sabang, which are mostly
mangrove areas and forest lands in Brgy. Monterico. Areas along
slopes of Mt. Cayoguiocan, southernmost portion of Mt. Balao and
most of the areas along the Leyte Cordillera are considered as
unclassied public forests. By virtue of Proclamation 142, dated
April 16, 1937, the Kaupnit-Balinsasayao National Park covers
certain portions of Brgys. Alta Vistra, Villa Solidaridad,
Higuloan, and Mailhi. Furthermore, the northwestern boundaries of
the City within the Leyte Geothermal Reservation are covered under
Presidential Proclamations 1112 and 1412.
TopographyElevation and Surface Drainage.Based on topographic
maps from NAMRIA, the highest point in the City is Mount Lunas with
an approximate elevation of 1,175 meters above mean sea level. High
elevation zones are mostly located along the Leyte Cordillera.
Other high elevation areas can also be found in the eastern and
southern half of the locality. Low elevation and at areas are
mostly concentrated in the western coastal portions of the
City.
The general pattern of water ow is from the eastern high
elevation areas to the western coastal areas eventually draining
towards the Camotes Sea. The City is highly dissected with natural
perennial rivers and intermittent streams wherein numerous exit
river points can be observed along the coast. Much of its fresh
surface water can be attributed to the mountain range formation
that act as a watershed providing natural irrigation water supply
to cultivated lands along the alluvial plains.
Slope.The slopes in the City can be described as predominantly
undulating to steep (Table 2.2 and Figure 2.8). Based from GIS
based slope calculations, around 60% of the City have slopes
ranging from 18% and above characterized as rolling to steep,
commonly situated in the high elevation and mid slopes of the
mountainous areas. Roughly 20% are considered undulating to
rolling. Roughly 10% of the land area is considered gently sloping
to undulating mostly situated along the foot hills. Only 8.9% of
the land area is level to nearly at mostly located in the coastal
areas and alluvial plains.
Soil.Soil types, suitability and fertility characteristics in
the City of Baybay were derived from studies conducted by Jack
Baynes, Pastor P. Garcia, Faustino Villamayor and Melissa Gordon in
2007. The said group combined Geographic Information System (GIS)
and experts opinion to identify lands which are suitable for forest
extension program on the Leyte Island. Dr. Asio of the Department
of Agronomy and Soil Science at Leyte State University provided a
general description and assisted in subjectively ascribing site
suitability for soils in Leyte. Soil maps were sourced from the
Farm Management Institute at the Leyte State University
(FARMI-VSU). The said maps used the United States Department of
Agriculture soil classication.
Based on soil descriptions (Asio, 2007), moderately to highly
fertile lands in the City belong to the Eutropept soil group mainly
found along the mountain mid-slopes adjacent to foot hills.
Generallyfertile lands belong to the Hapludalf and Hapludand/
Humitropepts are mostly found in high elevation areas and are
presently occupied by forests. Eutropept/ Tropaquept are mostly
situated in the low lying areas currently being utilized as annual
and perennial crop production areas and are often water
saturated.
Hapludult soils are mostly found along the mountain slopes
concentrated in the mid southeastern portion of the City
characterized as having low to very low fertility. Sulhemist and
Sulfaquents are mostly situated along the coast adjacent to river
mouths mostly occupied by Mangrove forests (Table 2.3). Given the
fertility and general characteristics of the soil as considerations
for the identication of possible areas for urban expansion,
priority areas should be given to soils with low to very low
fertility, and areas not currently being utilized as crop
production zones. Areas with high to moderate fertility are better
allocated for production or protection land uses, while
ecologically fragile and water logged areas with Sulhemist and
Sulfaquents soils are best allocated for protection land uses.
Land CoverBased from the Land Cover map sourced from NAMRIA,
roughly a third of the City is covered with cultivated perennial
crops. Around 11.31 percent are covered with cultivated annual
crops. Approximately half of the City is covered with forest lands
either closed, open or wooded grassland or shrubs. Around two
percent is built up and the remaining 1.45 percent is composed of
mangrove forests, shponds, rivers and waterways. Cul t ivated
annual and perennial crop lands are mostly situated in the low
lying areas and low elevation mid-slopes of the mountains. Forest
areas are situated in the high elevation and mountain peak areas.
Major built up areas can be found in the Poblacion Zone, Brgy.
Caridad and the VISCA campus. (Table 2.4 and Figure 2.10)
Geologic HazardsGround Rupture Hazard Prone Areas.Ground
rupturing is associated with shallow seated large magnitude
earthquakes, usually Magnitude 7.0 and higher, that results from
the relative sliding of two adjacent fault blocks outwards from the
focus or point of origin of an earthquake. The length of ground
rupturing depends on the earthquake magnitude, while the relative
movement of faults would depend on the type of fault. According to
the fault map provided by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology
and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), a segment of the Philippine Fault Zone
or the Central Leyte Fault is located in the northeastern tip of
the City. Fortunately, these are areas within thePNOC Geothermal
Reservation and no large scale settlements were found along the
rupture zone. However, being in close proximity to the fault,
higher ground shaking levels may be experienced during large
magnitude earthquakes (Figure 2.11).
Liquefaction Prone Areas.During strong ground shaking, areas
underlain by loosely consolidated and water saturated deposits of
ne sand are likely to experience liquefaction. Sand particles in
these deposits are supported partly by grain-to-grain contact and
partly by water pore pressure. During vibration, sand particles in
these deposits are rearranged into more compact state, squeezing
water and sediments towards the surface in the form of water and
sand. The consequent loss in volume and underlying support results
in the subsidence of the ground on top of the liquefying sandy
layers and with it, the sinking and or tilting of buildings,
utility posts, towers, roads, and bridges, and irrigation canals.
Liquefaction also induces lateral spreading, a type of ground
failure characterized by down slope sliding of the ground surface,
sub-parallel ssures formed as the sliding ground breaks into
pieces, sand boils, that may form on top of ssures and undulating
ground surface. Any structure resting on the ground surface that is
affected by lateral spreading may be damaged either by cracking,
breaking, tilting, toppling, or sliding into nearby river
channel.
Based from the indicative maps provided by PHIVOLCS, areas
susceptible to liquefaction are concentrated in the low lying
central alluvial plains near the exit mouths of Pagbanganan, Has
and Cablason rivers. Certain portions of the existing urban center
were found to be highly susceptible to liquefaction, while other
areas include the water saturated rice lands north to northeast of
the Poblacion.
Earthquake-Induced Landslides Prone Areas.Based from Landslide
Prone Indicative map provided by PHIVOLCS, majority of the high
elevation steep slope areas along the Mountain Range and the
mountainous areas in the south to southeastern boundaries are
susceptible to earthquake induced landslides. Undulating to rolling
slopes (roughly 12-15% in slope) located adjacent to level lands
have low sand boils, that may form on top of ssures and undulating
ground surface. Any structure resting on the ground surface that is
affected by lateral spreading may be damaged either by cracking,
breaking, tilting, toppling, or sliding into nearby river
channel.
Based from the indicative maps provided by PHIVOLCS, areas
susceptible to liquefaction are concentrated in the low lying
central alluvial plains near the exit mouths of Pagbanganan, Has
and Cablason rivers. Certain portions of the existing urban center
were found to be highly susceptible to liquefaction, while other
areas include the water saturated rice lands north to northeast of
the Poblacion.
Earthquake-Induced Landslides Prone Areas.Based from Landslide
Prone Indicative map provided by PHIVOLCS, majority of the high
elevation steep slope areas along the Mountain Range and the
mountainous areas in the south to southeastern boundaries are
susceptible to earthquake induced landslides. Undulating to rolling
slopes (roughly 12-15% in slope) located adjacent to level lands
have low Tsunami Prone Areas . A Tsunami is a series of sea waves
commonly generated by under-the-sea earthquakes with wave heights
that could reach above ve meters. Tsunamis can occur when the
earthquake is shallow-seated and strong enough to displace parts of
the seabed and disturb the mass of water over it. PHIVOLCS, under
the Department of Science and Technologys Grants-In-Aid (DOST-GIA)
program, modeled potential tsunami inundation zones on selected
areas in the Province of Leyte. Spatial modeling was done using the
Rapid Earthquake Damage Assessment System (REDAS), Philippine based
GIS software developed by PHIVOLCS. Using a combination of
empirical equations on Tsunami wave modeling and a worst case
scenario earthquake emanating from major offshore fault suggest
that the whole western coastline of the City is susceptible to
tsunami with a hypothetical wave height of around 2.20-2.39 meters
along the coast with gradual decrease in wave height further
inland. Inundation zones are expected to occur within the existing
Poblacion Zone and relative at to low lying areas along the coast.
Estimated horizontal runoff can reach as much as 600-800 meters
inland in certain parts of the City.
Meteorological SettingClimate Type.The Modied Coronas climate
classication by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and
Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), the City of Baybay
has a Type IV climate characterized as having no pronounced dry
season where rainfall is generally evenly distributed throughout
the year .
Prevailing Winds.General prevailing winds in the region are
northeasterly (Amihan) during the months of October to February,
easterly from March to May due to the Pacic trade winds and
southwesterly (Habagat) during the months of June to September.
Average Annual Rainfall and Temperature. Based from 35-year
statistics on climatological normals from PAGASA for the years 1965
to 2000, gathered from different weather substations throughout the
Archipelago and analysis maps processed by NAMRIA for the Bureau of
Agriculture Research- Spatial Analysis and Information Laboratory
(BAR-SAIL), the City of Baybay has a mean annual rainfall range of
171.47 to 201.913 and average annual rainfall is estimated at 2,500
mm. High rainfall levels are experienced during the months of
January to February and again during the months of July to
December. On the other hand, rainfall is low during the summer
months of March to May (Figure 2.16). The mean annual temperature
range from 27.2 to 28.2C. Annual minimum temperature is 22.3C while
the maximum is 36.67C. (Figure 2.17).
Meteorological HazardsTropical Cyclone Frequency.The City of
Baybay experiences an average of ve typhoons every three years
which could potentially cause associated hazards such as
rain-induced landslides and ooding apart fromits impacts to crop
production levels and property damage (Figure 2.18). La Nina and El
Nino Vulnerability. Based from the PAGASA La Nia and El Nio
vulnerability maps, the City of Baybay has low vulnerability to
extreme low water conditions (El Nio) but is highly susceptible to
extreme rainfall conditions (La Nia). It is expected that the City
may incur a minimum damage level of 30 percent on its agricultural
lands during the occurrence of La Nina.
Flood prone areas.
Based on a technical study on the Nationwide Flood Risk
Assessment and Flood Mitigation Plan for Selected Areas in the
Republic of the Philippines conducted by Japan International
Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the Department of Public Works and
Highways (DPWH), Dungcaan River Basin was identied as a major ood
risk in the City. Studies showed that the major cause of ooding in
the basin is discharge ow exceeding the river ow capacity.
Mitigation measures have been recommended such as establishing a
dam and reservoir in the upstream portions of the Basin and
improving certain river channel to increase water ow capacity.
Furthermore, based on informal interviews, certain portions in the
low lying areas along the coast experience slight ooding due to
overowing of rivers from the discharge of water originating from
the mountain range.
Natural Resources and Environmental ManagementForest Ecosystem
Protection Forest.There are four distinct areas currently
considered as forest protection areas due to its ecological
signicance and unique biodiversity, these are the following: i)Mt.
Pangasugan Protected Ranches Landscape. Situated approximately 10
kilometers away from the Poblacion Zone, the Mt . Pangasugan
Protected Landscape covers three mountains namely: Mt. Panasugan,
Mt. Tabaan and Mt. Lunas. It is highly regarded for its unique
biodiversity and is home to a range of endemic wildlife. It serves
as a habitat for several endangered animals such as the Philippine
tarsier (Tarsius syricta), ying lemur (Cynociphalus volans) and
Fischers pygmy fruit bat (Haplonycterus scheri). However, the said
area is not under the National Integrated Protected Areas System
(NIPAS) but local inhabitants, stakeholders and leaders has an
on-going initiative to place the area under NIPAS in order to
protect the area from further signicant disruptive land
development. Mt. Pangasugan is also targeted as one of the major
natural attractions in the Province of Leyte.
In 1997, the Ecology of Mt. Pangasugan report compiled by Dr.
Freidhelm Gltenboth under the Applied Tropical Ecology Program in
the Visayas State University stated that Mt. Pangasugans forest
types are the Lauan type dominated by Pentacme contorta, the
Lauan-Hagakhak type dominated by Pentacme contorta andDipterocarpus
validus, and the Yakal-Lauan type dominated by Hopea malibato and
Pentacme contorta. Three major strata of plants were found in
association with trees such as the Ground-living plant communities
including Begoniaceae, Orchidaceae, Pteridophyta (Ferms), and
Zingiberaceae. Epiphytic communities sitting on the trunks and
branches of the trees including Orchidaceae, few Rubiacea, ferns,
mosses, lichens and Araceae; and Creepers and lianas utilizing
trees as supportive structure including Palmae in the form of
rattans, f e r n s , Ar a l i a c e a e , B amb u s a c e a e , L e
g umi n o s a e , Mimo s a c e a e , a n d Orchidaceae.
In terms of forest-associated fauna, the most signicant
observation made during the compilation of the said report was the
rediscovery of the Philippine Tarsius (Tarsius philipinensis),
Philippine Flying Lemur (Cynociphalus volans), and the identication
of the Fishers Pygmy Fruit Bat (Haploncycteris sheri) found within
Mt. Pangasugan. In 1994, the microbat Hypposideros obscurus was
recorded. Thereport also mentioned that The International Union for
Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) regularly
issues theRed List of Threatened Animals and the said list is also
based from the published Philippine Red Data Book-Red List of
Threatened Animals by the Wildlife Conservation Society of the
Philippines Inc. Below are the IUCN status of species found in the
Mt. Pangasugan derived from the above mentioned sources (Tables 2-5
and 2-6).
In addition, around 216 bird species were recorded and a number
of endangered or vulnerable species were found in the Mt.
Pangasugan area. Sightings of the big hornbill Buceros hydrocorax
semigaleatus can still be encountered in the said area.
Furthermore, a recent study by (Denzer et. al. in press)
revealed that of the 114 species of reptilian and amphibian living
in Leyte, around 54 or 64% can be found in Mt. Pangasugan. The VSU
museum houses 43,000 specimens of arthropods belonging to 377
families and 509 genera, only 434 of these were determined to the
species level. In terms of tree composition, the report also
identied six genera of important hardwood tree families in the
Philippines that can still be found in Mt . Panasugan these are: A
n i s o p t e r a , Ho p e a , P a r a s h o r e a , Dipterocarpus,
Shorea and Vatica. The average canopy height of what is left of the
forest patches on Mt. Panasugan is 20-30meters with Shorea
polyosperma being one of dominant species. Around one-sixth (1/6)
of the all dominant individual trees in the upper parts of the
mountain belong to the Family Dipterocarpaceae. The forested areas
of Mt. Panasugan show at least 160 different species with up to 100
dominant trees per hectare.
Among the most important tree species of Mt. Panasugan, 30
belong to pioneer species, 19 native tree species of
Non-Dipterocarp with high commercial value and 18 belong to Family
Dipterocarpaceae. It was also emphasized in the report that in one
Apitong Tree (Dipterocarpus validus), around 675 individuals of
arthropod live on and with this tree suggesting the need to
strictly protect the remaining tree base since these are key
habitat for many creatures.
Riverine ecosystem in the form of rivers and rivulets around Mt.
Panasugan are home to numerous sh species, prawns and shrimps. In
the Calbiga-a creek, at 300 m a.s.l, there were 11 Gobioidea
recorded while at 20 m a.s.l. there were 36 soecies recorded. All
recorded organisms are testament to the suitable water quality of
the rivers and rivulets in Mt. Panasugan. This implies the need to
further protect forest cover to minimize river sedimentation in the
area.
In terms of tree composition, the report also identied six
genera of important hardwood tree families in the Philippines that
can still be found in Mt . Panasugan these are: A n i s o p t e r a
, Ho p e a , P a r a s h o r e a , Dipterocarpus, Shorea and
Vatica. The average canopy height of what is left if the forest
patches on Mt. Panasugan is 20-30 meters with Shorea polyosperma
being one of dominant species. Around one-sixth (1/6) of the all
dominant individual trees in the upper parts of the mountain belong
to the Family Dipterocarpaceae. The forested areas of Mt. Panasugan
show at least 160 different species with up to 100 dominant trees
per hectare. Among the most important tree species of Mt.
Panasugan, 30 belong to pioneer species, 19 native tree species of
Non-Dipterocarp with high commercial value and 18 belong to Family
Dipterocarpaceae. It was also emphasized in the report that in one
Apitong Tree (Dipterocarpus val idus) , around 675 individuals of
arthropod live on and with this tree suggesting the need to
strictly protect the remaining tree base since these are key
habitat for many creatures. Riverine ecosystem in the form of
rivers and rivulets around Mt. Panasugan are home to numerous sh
species, prawns and shrimps.
In the Calbiga-a creek, at 300 m a.s.l, there were 11 Gobioidea
recorded while at 20 m a.s.l. there were 36 soecies recorded. All
recorded organisms are testament to the suitable water quality of
the rivers and rivulets in Mt. Panasugan. This implies the need to
further protect forest cover to minimize river sedimentation in the
area. Cuapnit Balinsasayao National Park. This was established by
virtue of Proclamation 142, dated April 16, 1937, which is located
in the eastern entrance of the City. It covers certain portions of
Brgys. Alta Vistra, Villa Solidaridad, Highloan, and Mailhi.
Closed and Open Canopy Forest.Based from land cover maps, there
are still broad leaved closed forests located in the high elevation
areas of the Leyte Cordillera. Though they exemplify the same land
cover characteristics as that of Mt. Panasugan Protected Landscape,
these areas are still considered as unclassied public forests under
the land classication system.
Mangrove Forests/Nipa Areas.Policy recommendations from the
National Physical Framework Plan (NPFP) referring to areas under
land use protection are the vast Mangrove Forests and Nipa areas
located in Brgys. Palhi, Punta and Sabang situated along the
southern coastlines. These Mangrove areas have signicant ecological
roles that ensure the relative growth and survival of the marine
ecosystem along with sea grass beds and coral reefs.
Production Forest.Data on production forest were sourced from
the Department of Environmental and Natural Resources-Forest
Management Bureau, Forest Economics Ecological Profile of Baybay
City, LeyteCommon Name Scientic Name IUCN StatusPhilippine
Eagle-OwlPhilippine Hawk-Eagle
Rufous-lored Kingsher Philippine Leafbird Miniature Tit-Babbler
Bubo philippinensis Endangered Spizaetus philippensis Vulnerable
Todiramphus winchelli Endangered Chloropsis avipennis Endangered
Micromacronus leytensis VulnerableDivision-Forest Information
System (DENR-FMB-FED-FIS) Central Ofce. Production forest areas
include the Kilim Community Based Forest Management Project
(CBFMNo.R08-48186) and the Sitio Cienda CBFM, which covers an
approximate area of 2,236 hectares, including the mountainous areas
of Brgys. Gakat, Patag, Kilim and Gabas. Some portions however are
within the Mt. Panasugan Protected Landscape.
Marine and Coastal ResourcesThe Institute of Tropical
Ecology-Marine Laboratory of VSU has made signicant mapping and
inventory efforts to determine the extent and quality of
marine/coastal resources of the City. The GPS survey points
compiled by the said Institute were used to delineate and determine
the approximate location and size of these resources.
Mangroves and Nipa Resources.Mangrove areas can be found in the
Poblacion Zone, Brgys. Palhi, Sabang, Jaena, and Punta. The
mangrove zones are mostly concentrated in the southern coastal part
of the City, which constitute around 261.51 hectares or roughly0.57
percent of the total land area. Aside from its signicant ecological
role, these mangrove areas are also being planned to be among the
eco-tourism attractions of the City.
Fish Sanctuaries.Fish sanctuaries can be found in Brgys. Gabas,
Guadalupe, Sta. Cruz, Punta, and Plaridel as well as areas adjacent
to Mt. Panasugan and the VSU campus. Necessary local ordinances
have been enacted to ensure the protection of these marine
sanctuaries. Moreover, there are still ongoing efforts to place
under strict protection status other potential sites that exemplify
unique and highly diverse coastal ecosystems.
Coral Reefs. Coral Reefs can be found in the coastal areas of
Mt. Panasugan, VSU, Brgys. Caridad, Hilapnitan, San Agustin,
Marcos, Gabas, Sabang, Punta, and Nigad. The spatial distribution
suggests that these fragmented coral reefs are found throughout the
coastline, wherein large coral reef formations can be found in the
southern coastlines of Brgys. Punta, Palhi and Sabang.
On the other hand, dead corals were also observed by the ITE in
Brgy. Nigad. This implies that there is a need for a comprehensive
coastal resource management plan to ensure the protection of the
coral reef resources of the City.
Water resourcesSurface water resources. The City is
characterized as highly dissected with rivers and streams, wherein
the Department of Agriculture had identied 27 rivers and creeks.
The surface waters have been a source of irrigation water to
sustain the agricultural production activities. According to Baybay
Water District (BWD), the current sources of potable water of City
of Baybay are the Busay, Kawayan, Hayas and Upper Hayas Springs
with rated capacity of 58, 7, 20, and 10 liters per second(Lps),
respectively (Table 2.8). The total rated capacity is estimated at
95 Lps
Population CompositionAs of 2007, the City of Baybay host a
population of 102,526 residents. This accounts for almost 6 percent
of the Province of Leyte and 3 percent of that of the Eastern
Visayas. Comparative to the two cities of Leyte, Baybay population
is behind Ormoc (177,524) and the Provincial Capital of Tacloban
(217,199).
In terms of tempo of growth, the Citys population does not
follow the general growth trend of Leyte and that of Region VIII.
From 1995-2000, Baybay population showed an upswing with a growth
rate of 2.10 percent in 2000 as against 0.93 percent during the
previous censal year. On the other hand, a decline of population
growth rates was observed in Leyte (from 2.55% 0.52%) and the
Region (from 1.97-1.41%) during the same period. For 2007, both the
provincial and regional population recovered and posted higher
growth rates at 1.12 percent and 1.16 percent, respectively.
Conversely, the population growth rate of Baybay in 2007 was at low
of 0.96 percent, which is 1.14 percent lower than that of 2000.
Age-Sex Distribution.In terms of gender distribution, Baybay
males outnumber the females with a sex ratio of 104 males for every
100 females. Following the national trend wherein women generally
outlive the men population, the life expectancy of females is 71.64
years old while the males is 66.11 years (Table 3.3) In 2007,
Adults aged 15-64 years old, dominates the Baybays population with
a 57 percent (58,597) share of the total populace.
Children from the age of 0-14 years, on the other hand, accounts
for 37 percent (38,394) while the elderly posts the lowest
contribution of about 6 percent (5,534). The age structure of the
City holds great potential for an economy posed for growth.
Dependency Ratios.The strong number of the working population
against the young and old dependents has tempered down the
dependency of the population. Estimates for 2007 show that Baybays
total dependency ratio was registered at 74.48. This means that for
every 100 persons in the working population age group,
approximately 66 young dependents and 9 old dependents are
identied.
Household size.In terms of projected households based on
estimated population of 141,655 in 2020 and average household size
of 4.92, there will be 28,990 total households or an additional
9,473 households in the City of Baybay compared to the 2000
household count. In year 2020, Barangays with at least 250
households are expected in Barangays Plaridel, Caridad, Kilim,
Pomponan, Hipusngo, Bitanhuan, Poblacion Zone 1, Pangasungan,
Gabas, Bunga, Guadalupe, (Utod), Ga-as, Palhi, Poblacion Zone 23,
Candadam, Gakat, Hilapnitan, Igang, San Isidro, Santa Cruz, Santo
Rosario, Hibunawan, Maybog, Maslug, Marcos, Punta, Maitum, Patag,
Sabang, San Juan, Cogon, San Agustin, Maganhan, Ciabo, Poblacion
Zone 18, Kan-ipa, Makinhas, Villa Solidaridad, Amguhan, Mailhi,
Poblacion Zone 4, Buenavista, Poblacion Zone 22 and Kansungka.
However, certain barangays targeted as secondary commercial,
residential and industrial development areas is expected to deviate
from the computed households by 2020. These areas can be the
possible location of planned social and economic support
infrastructure for the provision of basic social services and
utilities.
Population DistributionUrban Barangays. Of the 92 barangays in
Baybay, only 9 are delineated as urban areas. The urban population
accounts for only 11 percent of the total population. While the
rate of population growth in the last 7 years has been gradual
(1.44 percent annually), nonetheless, as the City grows, issues
such as congestion, water availability and trafc can be
expected.
Rural Barangays.Essentially, the City remains agriculture based
with the remaining 83 barangays categorized as rural areas. In the
last 2 surveys, the rural barangays contribute a sizeable 90
percent of the Citys total population. In 2007, the top 9 populated
rural barangays are Caridad, Plaridel, Kilim, Hiusngo, Pangasung
an, Bitanhuan, Guadalupe, Gaas, and Gabas. The consistent
prominence of the rural population, as observed by the high ranking
of the rural barangays in terms of population, is attributed to the
availability of land for residential use in the rural compared to
the urban barangays.
Population Density.Based on land area and existing population
count, population density of urban barangays is estimated at 9
persons per hectare while rural barangays have an estimated
population density of 2. It can be observed that certain rural
barangays (namely Poblacion barangays) have a higher density than
that of Urban barangays classied. This is mainly attributed in the
differences in barangay land area. 61 barangays have a density of
less than 10 persons per hectare. Poblacion 15, a rural barangay,
has the highest population density of 368 persons per hectare.
Among the urban barangays, Poblacion 23 has the highest population
density of 260 persons per hectare. In general all poblacion
barangays either classied urban and rural, have a population
density ranging from 60-368 which is higher compared to the
non-poblacion barangays. Furthermore, certain deviations from the
projected population growth and densities are expected in areas
depending on the pace of future development of targeted secondary
commercial, residential and agro-industrial development which
includes Barangays Amguhan, Ampihanon, Banahao, Bidlinan, Buenavi s
ta, Ciabo, Ga-as, Gubang, Hi g u l o a n , Ka b a l a s a n , Ka g
uma y, Kambong g an, Mahayahay, Ma i lhi , Makinhas, Mapgap,
Matam-is, Maypatag, Monte Verde, Palhi, Pomponan, Sabang, San Juan,
Santo Rosario, Zacarito, Gabas, Kansungka, Kilim, and Patag apart
from the 23 Poblacion barangays. Density remains well below that of
Leyte Province, which is 2.5 persons per hectare and Tacloban City
(9.5 persons) and Ormoc City (2.7 persons).
From 2004-2007, the annual average CBR of the city was posted at
20.09. This means that their 20.09 births for every 1,000 persons
in Baybay City. During the same period, the highest CBR level of
21.12 births per 1,000 population was observed in 2005. However in
the next two years, CBRs have stabilized to 19.73, which may have
contributed to the conservative growth in population of the City
between 2000 and 2007.
Morbidity.While fertility results to an increase or restoration
of the population, mortality corresponds to a natural reduction in
numbers. Mortality is the relative occurrence of deaths within the
population. Similar to fertility, the incidence of death is related
to factors namely, age, sex, occupation, economic and social
class.
Rates of Natural Increase. Based on the NSO Population survey,
from a City of 95,630 residents in 2000, Baybay grew by an
increment of 6,626 in seven years. Comparing the number of births
against the number of death incidence in 2007, only 1,639 of the
increment increase in population is attributable to natural
factors.
Hence, the remaining 4,987 new residents can be gleaned as
migrants to Baybay. The decision to change residence of an
individual is determined by the push-pull qualities of locality
relating to the possible economic, social, political, and cultural
welfare gains resulting from migration.
Other Population CharacteristicsEducational attainment.Baybay
boasts of a high level of literacy, both for functional and simple
literacy. In 2000, Baybay posted simple literacy levels of 91.40
surpassing the Provincial average (90.1) and Ormoc City (88.5) by a
good measure. However, Tacloban City remains ahead in literacy with
97.3 rating. Comparing the educational attainment of the Citys
population against its reported literacy performance, it can be
seen that almost 92 percent (77,377) of the population 5 years old
and over gained a level of education. About 52 percent has reached
the elementary level, 25 percent completed high school and 13
percent was able to move to college or post-secondary
education.
Population Projections till 2020For the purpose of estimating
the future population levels of Baybay, the participation rate
method was utilized for the following reasons. Based on the growth
pattern of the citys population for the last 12 censal surveys,
Baybay has exhibited uctuating growth trend reective of a
low-growth scenario. Without deliberate policy intervention to
improve economic conditions, the same trend can be expected sector
thru mechanization and expansion to agro- industrial
activities.
The dominance of the working-age population (15-64 years old)
would remain over the other age groups. By 2020, the 15-64 age
group accounts for 37 percent of the total population, when
translated to resource it is indicative of a rich human capital for
labor force.
The local economyCurrent state and growth patternGenerally,
Baybay is an agricultural City. The common means of livelihood are
farming, shing, hunting and forest-related activities. Rice, corn,
abaca, root crops, fruits, and vegetables are the prime
agricultural commodities. While bamboo, rattan craft, ceramics,
dress-making, ber craft, food preservation, mat weaving, metal
craft, ne Philippine furniture manufacturing, are among the
promising industries in the region. Moreover, Baybay has great
potential for tourism with its rich biodiversity, sceneries, and
historical landmarks (e.g., Visayas State University formerly the
Leyte State University/Visayas State College of Agriculture and the
Jungle Valley Park. Eco-parks and other tourist attractions of the
City.
Performance of Economic SectorsPrimary Sector Production
Agriculture/Crop Production.In terms of area planted, the top 5
commodities are coconut, abaca, rice, banana and corn. Coconut is
the principal crop of Baybay, accounting for about 71 percent or
16,176 hectares of the total agricultural land in City. The
following major crops are cultivated in the City, abaca, rice,
banana, and corn. Other agricultural commodities such as
vegetables, fruit trees and root crops are also locally
produced.
Area coverage and volume of production shows positive
correlation. Coconut ranked rst in terms of volume of production
with about 64 percent of the total agricultural produce. Rice
production contributes about 8,088 metric tons to the local grain
supply.
There are 80 irrigation systems serving 2,221 farmers in Baybay.
Of the 1,540-hectare coverage of the irrigation system, about
1431.75 hectares is serviced by gravity/communal irrigation. The
rest of the 108.25 hectares is irrigated through pump irrigation
(56.25 ha), small water impounding (27.0 ha) and shallow tube well
(25.0 ha). The eld mapping of irrigation coverage was recommended
for detailed study as part of the proposed priority projects under
the Agribusiness Development Program, Rehabilitation/restoration of
communal irrigation systems component to identify existing
irrigation coverage and identify future irrigation systems based on
the identied agricultural zones as indicated in the proposed land
use and zoning maps. It was suggested that validation of these
agricultural production areas should be coordinated with the
National Irrigation System for possible integration in the agencys
irrigation identication, rehabilitation and restoration
programs.
In terms of market, majority of the agricultural produce are
consumed domestically with exemption of coconut that are exported
abroad.
Livestock and Poultry.Baybay has been known for its livestock
and poultry production. In terms of livestock production, a total
of 6,692 farms reported to have reared 14,801 heads either of
carabao, cattle, goat, sheep, horse and swine (Table 4.2). Swine
and carabao are among the dominant livestock raised by farmers with
79 percent and 16percent of the l ives tock populat ion,
respectively.
On the other hand, about 125,305 heads in 4,074 farms were
recorded for poultry composed of native chicken, commercial
broiler, turkey, and ducks. For poultry, commercial broiler is in
the number 1 slot with more than half of the poultry population
(52%), followed by native chicken found with 43 percent in 3,165
farms. The remaining four (4%) is composed of ducks and turkey with
1,240 and 3,335 heads, respectively.
Fisheries.Fish production is one of the primary sources of
livelihood and food for 42 barangays in Baybay. There are about 780
sherfolks and 926 shing households dependent on shing. As of 2008,
the average sh catch was posted at 3.8 kilograms per day.
While the area is a coastal community, the sh catch is harvested
from fresh water areas which accounts for 97 percent or 7,390.5
hectares of the Citys total shingground.About160.5 hectares of
brackish water areas are utilized for sh production.
Forest Production.
According to the CENRO (2009), a total of 3,808.49 hectares has
been earmarked as production forest (Table 4.4a). Of the total
area, about 59 percent (2,236 ha) is classied as Community-Based
Forest Management areas, 15 percent (582 ha) are watershed areas,
and only 9 percent (358 ha)is allocated for timber production. The
remaining 17 percent (632 ha) is categorized as forest reservation
and area allocated under a private forest development
agreement.
Agriculture Support Services and Facilities.The City
Agricultural Ofce (CAO) of Baybay estimates there are 5,099 farming
and 926 shing households in the City. Of this number, about 37.8
percent and 60 percent household, respectively, avail of
agricultural extension and on-site research services from the
government, namely, CAO, Department of Agriculture, Bureau of
Fisheries and Aquatic Resources.
Community organization among sherfolks and farmers is also
evident in Baybay. To date there are 134 rural organization
operating in Baybay with a membership of 1,670 sherfolks. These are
Cooperatives (80), Rural Improvement Club (19), Farmers (15) and
Fisherfolks (20) Association. Employing the community-based
approach to coas tal resource protect ion and management, there are
11 Barangay Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Councils
(BFARMC) in the City. The 297 members of the BFARMC.
In support to promoting and improving the competitiveness of
local products, the local government coordinates the provision of
support services such as market ing, processing, packaging, and
value-adding.
There are 179 postharvest facilities in the City, such as rice
mills (51), warehouses (51) and solar dryers (77). In terms of
ownership, about 80 percent or 142 of these facilities are
privately owned. The remaining 37 or 20 percent are the property of
cooperatives (10),national government (1).
In support to crop production there are 80 irrigation systems
serving 2,221 farmers in Baybay. Of the 1,510 hectare coverage of
the system, about 93 percent or 1,401.75 hectares is serviced by
gravity/communal irrigation. The rest of the 108.25 hectares is
irrigated through pump irrigation (56.25 ha), small water
impounding (27.0 ha) and shallow tube well (25.0 ha).
Food Supply and Demand. For the purpose of presenting the food
demand, the consumption requirements for rice shall be used as the
indicator for food demand.
According to Food and Nutrition Research Institute, monitoring
of rice consumption alone will give a good benchmark of the caloric
adequacy across income and age levels. Also, rice constitutes
almost 88% of the recommended daily food allowance of Filipinos as
observed in the National Food Survey (1993)
Based on the rice production performance of the city, the rice
sector produces an average of 8,089 MT annually. In terms of rice
demand, the total rice requirement of the city is estimated at
13,324.38, 14,714.41, and 16,196.83 for 2010, 2015 and 2020
respectively. Given an annual average production volume of 8089
metric tons, there is an estimated decit of locally produced rice
in within the planning period.
However, this should not be taken as indication of a rice
shortage in the City as rice supply to supplement the requirements
of the City can be sourced from surrounding municipalities in the
province. In 2008, the province of Leyte posted a rice surplus of
4,097 MT of rice (Table 4.4b).
Secondary Sector. Based on the 2007 number of business, there
are 643 business establishments operating in the City generating a
gross sales of Php 498,497,908.
Out of the 643 establishments, 23 belong tothe secondary sector
with a year end output of Php 82,208,011.69A total of 21.84
hectares are allocated for industrial uses where 3.24 are located
in the existing poblacion and 18.60 located in Barangays Caridad,
Hilapnitan and Bunga. There are only 23 identied industrial
establishments. Given the aggregated industrial areas and the total
number of establishments, the average lot area for industrial
establishment is estimated at 9,495.65 square meters (Table
4.4c).
Tertiary SectorBased on the 2007 number of business, there are
620 business establishments operating in the City that belong to
the tertiary sector. Around Php 416,289,896.35 out of the total Php
498,497,908.04 was generated by the said sector in 2007. This
indicates that the economy is mostly driven by the tertiary
sector.
Based on land use survey mapping, total of 9.84 hectares of
commercial areas were identied mostly located in the poblacion
zone. Given the total aggregated and land area for commercial and
the documented number of tertiary establishments of 620, commercial
spaces have an average lot area of 158.70 square meters. However,
it must be noted that this not take into account the actual oor
area of the establishments .
Food and beverage-based businesses. The food-based industry is
composed of various small-scale wet/dry markets. A total of 216
establishments are registered under this category earning a total
sale of P153M. The top 3 earners are Drugstore/Pharmacy (P84M),
grocery (P27M), and meat shops (P23M) in 2008. In terms of number,
Sari-sari stores remain the most popular type of food business in
Baybay. A total of 68 sari-sari stores are registered in Baybay.
This is followed by small-scale food establishments (e.g.
cafeteria, carinderias and eatery) with 33 establishments.
Agriculture-based Products.Based from the 2008 data,
Agriculturevet recorded the highest gross sales among the
agri-based industries with a gross share of about 67 percent.
Followed by the abaca and copra industry that contributes about
20 percent. In terms of the number of establishments, abaca based
business posted the highest number with a total of 37 stores. The
observed high contribution of agri-based products is considerable
given that Baybay is an agricultural City.