FCC – Office of Engineering and Technology “Tutorial on Technical Challenges Associated with the Evolution to VoIP” Presented by: Susan Spradley – President, Wireline Networks Alan Stoddard – General Manager, Carrier Next Generation Networks FCC Office of Engineering and Technology September 22, 2003
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FCC – Office of Engineering and Technology “Tutorial on Technical Challenges Associated with the Evolution to VoIP” Presented by: Susan Spradley – President,
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FCC – Office of Engineering and Technology
“Tutorial on Technical Challenges Associated with the Evolution to VoIP”
Presented by:Susan Spradley – President, Wireline Networks Alan Stoddard – General Manager, Carrier Next Generation Networks
FCC Office of Engineering and TechnologySeptember 22, 2003
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 2
Agenda
Introduction
IP Telephony Overview
Technical Considerations
Technical Transition Models
Business Transition Models
Conclusions
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 3
What is Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)?
Public
Internet
“Managed”IP Network
QoS = Best Effort
QoS = Controlled Load orGuaranteed
Voice over the Internet (VOI or VON)
Voice over IPCable
MTA
VideoFeed
CMTS
Data
Wireless Wireline
PublicInternet
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 4
BETTY JONES 1:05919-992-1295
Service Drivers
OperationDrivers
Regulation&
Standards
VoiceDataVideo
Telecommunication Network Transitions
Analog to DigitalSS7, CLASS features
Office Consolidation
Clear Regulation/Standards
Digital to PacketMultimedia, Personalization
Network Consolidation
Evolving Regulations
Multiple Forums Driving Standards
AnalogPOTS
Large Offices
One Chief
Packet conversion, like Digital conversion, driven by Business CasePacket conversion, like Digital conversion, driven by Business Case
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 5
VisionConverged Packet Network
IP Network
VideoDataVoice
• Eliminating Boundaries– Geographic independence
– Service flexibility
– Service provider reach
• Data-voice network consolidation
• Central office consolidation
• New service opportunities– Desktop Video
– Application sharing
Revenue generating and Cost Saving OpportunitiesRevenue generating and Cost Saving Opportunities
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 6
Agenda
Introduction
IP Telephony Overview
Technical Considerations
Technical Transition Models
Business Transition Models
Conclusions
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 7
VoIP begins with Digital Voice
Digital Switching
In Digital Switching …
… Voice is Data.
AD
A/D Converter
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 8
Digital Circuit Switching
Channels
SingleByte
Time Division Multiplexing
CH0 CH1 CH2 …
EngineeredBandwidth
Time
Cap
acity
WastedBandwidth
Engineering Maintenance
EndOffice
TandemOffice
LDSwiches
Remote Remote
EndOffice
Channels are ReservedNo Voice and Data Integration
Hierarchical Design
High Network Value but … High Network Cost
Used Bandwidth
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 9
Packet Switching
Unified Data and
Voice
EndOffice
Flat Network
No Tandem LayerNo Remote Layer
Time
Cap
acity
DataBandwidth
MaximumBandwidth
Voice and Data Coexist
Remote
• Costs• Maintenance
Engineering Maintenance
Less Equipment
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation
• Engineering• Utilization
• Value• Utilization
Voice Bandwidth
Unused
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 10
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation
• Paths Channelized and Grouped• Routes Require pre-Engineered• Unused Channels are Wasted• No prioritization
Value
Packet Link
Data
Unused
Voice
Trunk Group 1
Trunk Group 2
Trunk Group 3
TDM
• All Bandwidth is available• Routes Dynamically Switched• Voice is prioritized• Data fills unused space
Voice alone gains over 30% higher utilizationData and Voice Coexist Efficiently
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 11
ATM Cell Switching vs. IP Routing
Multi-Byte CellsDynamically AllocatedBandwidth ReservedSwitched per Session
Advanced QOS
Synchronous Stream
Cell 0 Cell 1 Cell 2 …
EndOffice
ATM Core
EndOffice
Variable-Byte PacketsNo Native Allocation Scheme
No Native Reservation SchemePackets are Routed Independently
• Accommodate access link speed (e.g., wireless)• Reduce bandwidth needed in core:
− trade off compression against cost
Concerns• Baseline voice quality will be lower for lower bit-rates• Increased end-to-end delay• Reduced performance with expected packet loss rates• Transcoding
− are there other compression codecs in the network?− how often will multiple transcodings occur in a complicated
path?− frequency of use for features requiring transcoding
Transition Models Overlay - Grow all new line and trunks on VoIP, Cap TDM
Evolve - Add IP interfaces to existing TDM infrastructure, new growth on VoIP
Rip & Replace - Replace existing TDM infrastructure with VoIP
Car
rier
E
nter
pris
e
TDM
PBX or Key System
Softswitch
IP PBX
Carrier Hosted VoIP
Hybrid Softswitch
Hybrid IP PBX
Softswitch
IP PBX
Carrier Hosted VoIP
Total Cost - $$ Total Cost - $ Total Cost - $$$
or
+
+
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 23
Enterprise Transition IP PBX
Remove Barriers to Profitability• Retail IP Phones provide cost and feature flexibility• Reduced cost IP connectivity to PSTN• Enhanced end user mobility (campus-wide) – increased productivity
Evolve - Hybrid IP PBX• Churn users as needed – growth or
service mobility • Leverage existing CPE
Ovrelay (New) / Replace - IP PBX• New offices or branch sites • Minimize in-building wiring by
using data only connection
Over 25% of the US PBX base expected to be IP-enabled by year end 2005
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 24
•Converged links – local, LD, data•Simple mgmt, efficient b/w use •Improved access for remote users
Enterprise Transition Separate Interconnect to VoIP VPN
•Separate voice & data links •Separate local PSTN & LD connectivity•Complex mgmt, inefficient b/w use
Key System
Sites
PBXSites Centrex
Sites
HQ Site 1
HQ Site 2
VoIP VPNProvider
IP CentrexSites
IP PBXSites
DataProvider
LDProvider
LocalProvider
IP CentrexSites
Key SystemSites
IP PBXSites
PBXSites Centrex
Sites
HQ Site 1
HQ Site 2
Remove Barriers to Outsourced Private Networking Drive New Carrier Revenue / Customer Retention
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 25
Enterprise Transition Hosted VoIP (IP Centrex)
Remove Barriers to Outsourced Voice – Save up to 35% over IP PBX• Retail IP Phones provide cost and feature flexibility• Outsource but retain control with improved end user management tools
and simplified moves, add, changes • Avoid Long Distance charges • Enhanced user mobility and feature transparency – campus-wide, at
home, remote offices, on the road – for improved productivity
Drive High Margin Carrier Revenue Stream - Differentiated Service Bundle
Evolve – Hybrid IP Centrex • Churn users as needed – growth or
service mobility • Leverage existing CPE
Overlay (New) / Replace - IP Centrex• New offices or branch sites • Minimize in-building wiring by
using data only connection
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 26
Long Distance Transition
Remove Barriers to Carrier Expansion & Service Introduction • Improved Capacity - Relieves CPU Exhaust• Fewer Trunk Groups, Muxes, X-Connects & Simplified Trunk Rearrangement• 15-25% Reduction of Interconnect Ports between Switches• Ability to Address New Markets at Low Cost
Provide up to 20% Carrier Cash Flow Improvement and Packet Infrastructure to Speed IP Services Delivery
Overlay • Add additional switching nodes • Groom trunks to new VoIP nodes • Interconnect inefficiencies
Remove Barriers to Carrier Expansion & Service Introduction• Eliminate Tandems, X-Connects, Trunking between Switch Nodes• Reduce Switch Nodes by 50-85%, Equipment by 60-80%, B/W use up to 30%• Expand Out of Territory at Low Cost • Retain / Grow Centrex - National Centrex, Centrex IP, Churn PBX to Hosted IP
Provide 10-20% Carrier Cash Flow Improvement and Packet Infrastructure to Speed IP Services Delivery
Overlay • Add additional switching nodes • Groom trunks to new VoIP nodes • Interconnect inefficiencies
Evolve - Converged Desktop •Traditional voice services maintained with new multimedia add-ons
•Existing desktop retained - new phone upgrades at end user driven pace
•Utilizes existing TDM SIMRING or IN•Enables ubiquitous service delivery
Multimedia Existing Phone
Remove Barriers to New Service Introduction•Simplify communications – Personal Communications Mgr, Unified Messaging •Enhance productivity – Video Calling & Conferencing, Web-Push / Co-Browsing
Provide New Carrier Revenue Stream & Differentiate Service Set
Overlay (New) / Replace • IP phone required •Softclient flexibility – PDAs and PCs become phones
•Voice becomes a subset of data services bundle – delivered over DSL or data connection
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 29
Agenda
Introduction
IP Telephony Overview
Technical Considerations
Technical Transition Models
Business Transition Models
Conclusions
FCC-OET 9/22/03 -- 30
Business TransitionNetwork separate from Service
Separating Service & Network permits Service ubiquity independent of accessSeparating Service & Network permits Service ubiquity independent of access