Fashion World

27 February 2015Assignment of European Fashion HistoryAssignment No: 02 (Tow)Topic: Gathered Knowledge about Fashion World

Submitted ToLina RezwanaStudied at Shanto-Mariam University of Creative TechnologyCourse Instructor European Fashion HistoryDepartment of Professional Course of Fashion Design National Institute of Design (NID)

Submitted ByMahfuza Akter [Mili]ID : [email protected] (Student of Professional Course of Fashion Design NID)Batch no. 21

National Institute of Design (NID)

AbstractIn order to study fashion designing, one needs to know about various famous fashion designers and renewed fashion brands. To help us more about these things our course instructor/ mam dive us a glossary / list of various terms, which will help enable us to increase our knowledge about the fashion world. Therefore I searched the web and gathered sufficient information about those words and noted them down for future references.

TABLE OF CONTENT1. ALEXANDER MCQUEEN12. THE BRITISH FASHION COUNCIL (BFC)13. BALMAIN24. CARVEN25. CASADEI36. CATWALK37. CLINE48. CHAMILIA49. COACH410. DE BEERS511. DIOR512. HARRODS613. LAURA GRAVESTOCK614. LOUIS VUITTON715. MAJE716. MANOLO BLAHNIK817. MULBERRY818. RALPH LAUREN919. SELFRIDGE & CO.920. SMYTHSON LTD.1021. TIFFANY & COMPANY1022. TOPSHOP1123. TUSTING1124. UPPER STREET1225. WAREHOUSE1226. YVES SAINT LAURENT YSL1327. CHANEL1328. JESSICA1429. MIU MIU14 TREND15

Alexander McQueen (Fashion designer)Lee Alexander McQueen, CBE was a British fashion designer and couturier. He is known for having worked as chief designer at Givenchy from 1996 to 2001 and for founding his own Alexander McQueen label.

Born: March 17, 1969, Lewisham, London, United KingdomDied: February 11, 2010, Mayfair, London, United KingdomSpouse:George Forsyth (m. ?2001)Education: Central Saint Martins, Rokeby Preparatory SchoolMovies: Bjrk: Greatest HitsParents: Joyce McQueen, Ronald McQueen

The British Fashion Council (BFC) is a not-for-profit organisation that aims to further the interests of the British fashion industry and its designer businesses by harnessing and sharing collective knowledge, experience and resources of the sector. Based in London and formed in 1983, the BFC is funded by industry patrons, commercial sponsors and the government including the Mayor of London and the European Regional Development Fund. It leads the industry through creative influence and is strategically repositioning British fashion in the global fashion economy. The BFC has five strategic pillars; business, reputation, education, digital and investment, and has appointed pillar presidents to help drive each element forward

BALMAINTypeSocit AnonymeIndustryFashionFounded1946FounderPierre BalmainArea servedWorldwideProductsHaute couture, ready-to-wear, perfume, jewellery, accessoriesWebsitewww.balmain.com

Balmain is a haute couture fashion house that was founded by Pierre Balmain. Balmain was born in 1914 in France. Balmain was among the designers to adopt this look into their own aesthetic, in fact he has been said to have credited himself with the idea. His styles were effortless and refined while still remaining luxurious and opulent. He traveled the world lecturing on the fashion in France, during which time his attention was sparked by the US market and all its potential.

CARVEN

Fashion Designer CARVEN, date of creation: 1945 The 1940's... "Carven" is created...Madame Carven opens her fashion house at Rond Point des Champs Elysees in Paris. The address of our Head Office has never changed, and you will still find us there today. On the basis of her reputation and the phenomenal success of her early collections, she dressed queens, princesses and empresses, and became a much sought-after creator for the female film stars of the post-war era. With the fashion side of her enterprise now well established, Carven launches her first fragrance for Women, "Ma Griffe", a flowery perfume with overtones of gardenia and jasmine. "Ma Griffe" remains to this day our most popular female perfume.

CASADEI

Casadei is an all-Italian success story that has made the shoe into the most effective weapon of seduction. Aggressive, luxurious and unashamedly feminine, Casadei collections come from a fusion of Italian craftsmanship and design, using exclusive materials and precious details.

The Casadei label was founded in 1958 by Quinto and Flora Casadei. They proved strong and true when he decided to expand his small crafts laboratory, in which he had already started to produce dream footwear of sophisticated workmanship. Today, Cesare is the creative Director of Casadei, while his cousin Fabrizio manages the Maisisons financial affairs. Season after season, Cesare renews the family companys DNA, crafting shoes for original, self-confident and alternative women, yet always and inevitably the protagonists of the galaxy in which they live. Whose key feature are true objects of precious design, 100% Made in Italy from exclusive and hand-finished materials, imprinted with skilled workmanship. And it is precisely this constructive, Made in Italy know-how that is still the vital essence of this dynamic company, firmly anchored to its roots of manufacturing excellence, always looking to the future, fully immersed in the global present, in an ongoing osmosis between tradition and modernity.

CATWALKA catwalk, in its most basic form, is any narrow platform on which people may walk. In this context, a catwalk may be found anywhere and can be anything. As a matter of fact, the name catwalk has been given to such things as suspended footbridges, mountain trails, and piers.

A catwalk can also mean pedestrian bridges perched atop busy streets (also called skyways), service and control platforms found in large theaters from which the lights and sounds can be controlled, and even the gun bridge on a whaling ship.

Recently, however, the word "catwalk" has taken on a much more specific image in our collective imaginations. As understood in the vernacular, it is generally meant as a long and narrow stage on which a person walks to display articles of clothing. This stage is usually elevated and may be flanked by seats on either side, usually reserved for an audience. The catwalk is kept narrow so that the clothes and accessories being exhibited can be observed more closely. A catwalk may also be called a runway, and is an indispensable part of any fashion show.

CLINE

TypeSubsidiary of public companyIndustryFashionFounded1945FounderCline VipianaHeadquartersParis, FranceOwnerLVMHWebsitewww.celine.com

Cline is a French ready-to-wear and leather goods luxury brand that has been owned by LVMH group since 1996. It was founded in 1945 by Cline Vipiana. The headquarters are located at 23 25 rue du Pont-Neuf in Paris.CHAMILIA

Chamilia is one of the fastest-growing personalized accessory brands in the world, creating extraordinary, innovative jewelry for women with an eye for fashion. Chamilias collections of beads, bracelets, necklaces and earrings are sold in fine jewelry stores and boutiques across the globe. Chamilias premium quality and unique designs distinguish it from all other jewelry brands. Chamilia jewelry is made of the finest materials, including 14k gold, .925 sterling silver, Swarovski Elements, Italian Murano glass, and includes an exclusive Disney Collection. Founded in 2002, Chamilia is privately held and headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota.COACH TypePublicIndustryApparel, accessoriesFounded1941ProductsWomen's and men's bags, women's and men's accessories, women's and men's apparel, watches, footwear, jewelry, eyewear, and fragranceCoach, Inc. is a New York-based luxury fashion company that got its start manufacturing small leather goods.[3] Coach is known for accessories and gifts for women and men, including handbags, men's bags, women's and men's small leather goods, footwear, outerwear, ready-to-wear, watches, travel accessories, scarves, sunwear, fragrance, jewelry, and other accessories.

The De Beers Group of Companies is an international cartel with a leading role in the diamond exploration, diamond mining, diamond retail, diamond trading and industrial diamond manufacturing sectors. De Beers has been the preeminent name in diamonds.De Beers began the search for natures most exquisite and magnificent prizes over 125 years ago. De Beers Consolidated Mines is founded and with it, the start of an unrivalled legacy in diamonds. The group remains the worlds leading diamond company with unrivalled expertise in the exploration and mining of diamonds throughout the world.De Beers identifies the industrys first diamond grading system with the introduction of the 4Cs. This classification process is still used today.

Christian Dior S.A., commonly known as Dior, is a French luxury goods company controlled and chaired by businessman Bernard Arnault who also heads LVMH Mot Hennessy Louis Vuitton the world's largest luxury group. Founded in 1946 by the eponymous designer Christian Dior, today the company designs and retails ready-to-wear, leather goods, fashion accessories, footwear, jewelry, timepieces, fragrance, make-up, and skincare products while also maintaining its tradition as a creator of recognized haute-couture (under the Christian Dior Couture division). While the Christian Dior label remains largely for women's offerings, the company also operates the Dior Homme division for men and the baby Dior label for childrenswear. Products are sold throughout its portfolio of retail stores worldwide, as well as through its online store via dior.com. Harrods is an upmarket department store located on the Brompton Road in Knightsbridge, in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, London. The Harrods brand also applies to other enterprises undertaken by the Harrods group of companies including Harrods Bank, Harrods Estates, Harrods Aviation and Air Harrods, and to Harrods Buenos Aires, sold by Harrods in 1922 and closed as of 2011, with plans announced to reopen in 2013.[1]The store occupies a 5-acre (20,000 m2) site and has over one million square feet (90,000 m2) of selling space in over 330 departments making it the biggest department store in Europe.The Harrods motto is Omnia Omnibus UbiqueAll Things for All People, Everywhere. Several of its departments, including the seasonal Christmas department and the Food Halls, are world famous.

Luxury British jewellery brand Laura Gravestock Jewellery was founded in 2009 by designer and owner, Laura Gravestock. Taking inspiration from her surroundings, be it her childhood spent in the Middle East & Spain, or the stylish part of East London where she has lived for over a decade, Laura creates intricate, feminine jewellery designed to bring opulence to every day.Using precious metals and gemstones, Laura works from her London studio within the creative hub that is Cockpit Arts. Named as one of Professional Jewellers Hot 100 in 2014 and 2011, and a finalist for the UK Jewellery Awards New Designer of the Year 2012, the brand has blossomed since its launch, gaining recognition both within the industry and with its ever increasing loyal customer following. A firm favourite with top fashion press, Laura Gravestock Jewellery regularly appears in publications such as InStyle, Stella, Red, Cosmopolitan, Woman & Home and Grazia and is a celebrity favourite amongst the likes of singer Taylor Swift, actress Gwyneth Paltrow and Strictly Come Dancings Tess Daly.

Louis Vuitton Malletier, commonly referred to as Louis Vuitton French:or shortened to LV, is a French fashion house founded in 1854 by Louis Vuitton. The label's LV monogram appears on most of its products, ranging from luxury trunks and leather goods to ready-to-wear, shoes, watches, jewellery, accessories, sunglasses, and books. Louis Vuitton is one of the world's leading international fashion houses; it sells its products through standalone boutiques, lease departments in high-end department stores, and through the e-commerce section of its website. For six consecutive years (20062012), Louis Vuitton has been named the world's most valuable luxury brand. 2012 valuation was 25.9 billion USD. Year 2013 valuation of the brand was 28.4 billion USD with a sales of 9.4 billion USD.It is now in 50 countries with more than 460 stores worldwide

The history of Maje captures this delicate philosophy. Maje is the success story of a fashion child who was introduced to the art of crafting garments at a very early age. The story of Maje is that of a girl who has always been fascinated by fabrics, embroideries and lace, just like her mother and grandmother, from whom she learned.

Moroccan-born designer Judith Milgrom launched Maje in 2004. Since launching its first store, the chic Parisian label has featured collections that have caught the attention of trendsetters all over the world including Marion Cotillard and Vanessa Paradis. The brands collections are for one who is 'a lover of bohemian, feminine fashion'. Softly draped silk dresses and classic cover-ups in wool and leather are the impressive and stylish signature pieces of Majes collections. Maje collaborates with Vanessa Traina in the US, creating simple collections of clothes made primarily from silk or lace. The types of clothes Traina designs for Maje include maxi dresses, classic trousers and tuxedos

Manuel "Manolo" Blahnik Rodrguez CBE born 27 November 1942, Santa Cruz de La Palma, Spain), is a Spanish fashion designer and founder of the self-named, high-end shoe brand.

Working alone without assistants or apprentices, MANOLO BLAHNIK (1942-) is solely responsible for the design of every one of the thousands of shoes that bear his name. He has dominated shoe design since setting up in business in London in the early 1970s.Manolo Blahnik shoes are designed with a combination of occasional avant garde looks for the affluent few and good solid looks that will wear forever. His creations are inspired by his love of Visconti and Cocteau films, by the paintings of El Greco, Zurburn and Velzquez and the work of master couturiers such as Christbal Balenciaga and Coco Chanel and the much admired shoe designer Roger Vivier.

Mulberry is a fashion company founded in England in 1971, known internationally for its leather goods, in particular women's handbags.

The company was founded in 1971 by Roger Saul and his mother Joanin 1973 they opened a factory in Chilcompton, Somerset, England Mulberry established itself as a British lifestyle brand, noted for its leather poacher bags including the binocular bag and dispatch bag. The range includes male and female fashions, leather accessories, and footwear. Mulberry Group plc is listed on the London Stock Exchange as MUL, and shareholders with 250 or more shares are entitled to a 20% discount at Mulberry's shops.

Ralph Lauren Corporation (NYSE:RL) is a publicly traded, United States-based holding company headquartered in New York, NY. The company, through its subsidiaries, designs, markets and sells men's, women's and children's apparel, accessories, fragrances and home furnishings to customers worldwide. Ralph Lauren Corporation began with the 1967 founding of the Polo Ralph Lauren company by American designer Ralph Lauren.

Ralph Lauren Corporation produces clothing,accessories, footwear, fragrances, and furniture all marketed under its portfolio of various brands.

Selfridges, also known as Selfridge & Co., is a chain of high end department stores in the United Kingdom. It was founded by Harry Gordon Selfridge. The flagship store on London's Oxford Street is the second largest shop in the UK (after Harrods) and opened 15 March 1909.In the 1940s, smaller provincial Selfridge stores were sold to the John Lewis Partnership, and in 1951 the original Oxford Street store was acquired by the Liverpool-based Lewis's chain of department stores. Lewis's and Selfridges were then taken over in 1965 by the Sears Group owned by Charles Clore. Expanded under the Sears group to include branches in Manchester and Birmingham, in 2003 the chain was acquired by Canada's Galen Weston for 598 million.The shop's history was dramatised in 2013, in the British television series Mr Selfridge.Other Selfridges stores opened in the Trafford Centre (1998); Exchange Square (2002) in Manchester; and in the Bullring, Birmingham (2003).

Frank Smythson Ltd., more simply known as Smythson, of Bond Street is a British manufacturer of luxury stationery, leather goods, diaries, and fashion products based in London, England. Smythson opened his first shop on 29 September 1887 at 133, New Bond Street, LondonSmythson can customise its leather and desk product lines with gilt initials (for example). Much of the leather customisation is done in store in full view of the customers. Bespoke printing and personalisation is another important product line; particularly for weddings and parties. The highest-end stationery is often detailed with 24-carat gilded edges, hand-painted borders, custom-engraved motifs, and monograms.

iffany & Company (NYSE:TIF) (known colloquially as Tiffany or Tiffany's) is an American multinational luxury jewelry and specialty retailer, having headquarters in New York City, United States. Tiffany sells jewelry, sterling silver, china, crystal, stationery, fragrances, watches, personal accessories, as well as some leather goods. Many of these goods are sold at Tiffany stores, as well as through direct-mail and corporate merchandising. Tiffany is renowned for its luxury goods and is particularly known for its diamond jewelry. Tiffany markets itself as an arbiter of taste and style.

Topshop (sometimes referred to as TopShop) is a British multinational fashion retailer of clothing, shoes, make-up and accessories. It has around 500 shops worldwide of which some 300 are in the UK plus online operations in a number of its markets. It is part of the Arcadia Group, which is controlled by Sir Philip Green.Originally known as Top Shop, it began life as a brand extension of the department store Peter Robinson in the 1960s and originally sold fashion by young British designers, such as Mary Quant and Stirling Cooper. Expanding rapidly during the 1970s and changing its name to Topshop, it struggled during the 1980s before being revived from the late 1990s on by focusing on presenting catwalk designs at budget prices, also producing co-branded ranges with fashion designers and celebrities. As of 2012, it is part-owned by a US-based private equity group.

TUSTING is a family firm based in the heart of the English countryside, with its roots deep in the English leather and shoe trade. The fifth generation of the family is now at the helm, following a long line of Tustings who have been tanning, grading and trading the worlds finest leathers for over 130 years. Their current workshop lies close to the original tannery founded in 1875 by our great, great, grandfather and is home to their new generation of highly skilled craftsmen. It is perfectly placed to draw on the considerable talents of local leatherworkers, many of whose families also share in this heritage.This deep and expert knowledge is the secret ingredient that guarantees the selection of the perfect leather for each exquisite piece made in our workshop. In the hands of their talented team of Craftsmen and Women these flawless materials become wonderful products, which combine truly original character with unmistakable quality. Indeed, it is the products themselves that communicate their own value and quality. More than twenty years since the first briefcases were produced, many are still in everyday use. They look wonderful, having matured beautifully and acquired the mellow patina and distinctive personality of a classic piece of furniture.

Upper Street is the main shopping street of the Islington district of inner north London, and carries the A1 road. It runs from the junction of the A1 and Pentonville Road and City Road, and runs roughly northwards past Angel tube station, then past the Business Design Centre, then splits at Islington Green (where Essex Road, formerly named Lower Street, branches off) past the Screen on the Green cinema, the town hall and finally at Highbury & Islington tube station on Highbury corner, where the A1 carries on as Holloway Road. The southernmost 500 metres (0.31mi), from the junction to Islington Green, also carries the historical name of Islington's High Street.It contains many fashionable shops, pubs, restaurants and theatres, including the now closed Granita restaurant where Tony Blair and Gordon Brown were said to have made their deal on leadership once the Labour Party won power.

A WAREHOUSE is a commercial building for storage of goods. Warehouses are used by manufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers, transport businesses, customs, etc. They are usually large plain buildings in industrial areas of cities and towns and villages. They usually have loading docks to load and unload goods from trucks. Sometimes warehouses are designed for the loading and unloading of goods directly from railways, airports, or seaports. They often have cranes and forklifts for moving goods, which are usually placed on ISO standard pallets loaded into pallet racks. Stored goods can include any raw materials, packing materials, spare parts, components, or finished goods associated with agriculture, manufacturing and production.

Yves Saint Laurent YSL (also known as Saint Laurent Paris) is a luxury fashion house founded by Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre Berg. The founder of the brand died in 2008 and the house produced its last haute couture line in 2002.Founded in 1961 it has been considered one of the world's most prominent fashion houses and known for its modern and iconic pieces, such as its tuxedo jackets for women. Today Saint Laurent Paris markets a broad range of womens and mens ready-to-wear products, leather goods, shoes, and jewellery. Yves Saint Laurent Beauty also has a notable presence in the luxury beauty market, although this is run independently through L'Oreal Paris that licenses the name

Chanel S.A. is a French, privately held company owned by Alain and Gerard Wertheimer, grandsons of Pierre Wertheimer, who was an early business partner of the couturire Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel. Chanel S.A. is a high fashion house that specializes in haute couture and ready-to-wear clothes, luxury goods and fashion accessories. In her youth, Gabrielle Chanel gained the nickname Coco from her time as a chanteuse. As a fashion designer, Coco Chanel catered to womens taste for elegance in dress, with blouses and suits, trousers and dresses, and jewellery (gemstone and bijouterie) of simple design, that replaced the opulent, over-designed, and constrictive clothes and accessories of 19th-century fashion. The Chanel product brands have been personified by fashion models and actressesThe House of Chanel is known for the little black dress, the perfume No. 5 de Chanel, and the Chanel Suit. Chanels use of jersey fabric produced garments that were comfortable and affordable. Chanel revolutionized fashion high fashion (haute couture) and everyday fashion by replacing structured-silhouettes, based upon the corset and the bodice, with garments that were functional and at the same time flattering to the womans figure.

Jessica Born in London into a large artistic family, Jessicas interest in jewellery design started at a young age. Largely inspired by her father, a military history book seller whose antiquarian bookshop was at home, Jessicas passion in scouring flea markets, car boot sales and antique fairs was innate in her and ultimately fuel her creativity. Emotive, evocative and intriguing, Jessica invites you to enter her world of collectibles, cherished possessions and achingly touching personal stories that she translates within her bespoke jewellery collections. Much of the recognition of Jessica's work has grown from her signature, individually hand-stamped and personalised, wax seal jewellery collection, titled The Love Story, Paris 1946.

Miu Miu is a high fashion brand of women's clothing and accessories from the Prada fashion house. Miu Miu opened in 1993 and is headed by Miuccia Prada.[1] The name of the collection is taken from her nickname.[2] Miu Miu is set to launch its first fragrance in 2015. This is the first time that Miu Miu has expanded outside the fashion and accessories markets.

TrendA "Trend" in fashion indicates the acceptance of a "new" design, usually related to clothing.

"New designs" are rarely "New". Most often they are a re-introduction of something from the past. IE, short skirts, long skirts.

When a Clothing Designer introduces a new fashion, it may be accepted or rejected by the buying public.

A "Trend" occurs when a new design is accepted and sells in sufficient quantity in some test markets, and then creates a demand from consumers across a broader market.

For example, in the US, many new fashions first take hold in California. In Hollywood many new designs are first introduced and Californians often are the first to accept some new designs. It's been historical that most new fashions move Eastward from California.

ashion Trend. It is the big wave, that is currently (or with respect to a season) in vogue/trend/fashion. Or a collection / direction of styles that is appreciated and followed by the market. Fashion Trends are governed or dictated by the catwalks by major designers in the fashion capitals of the world like milan, london, paris and new york. They are primarily divided into two Couture (Hi Fashion ) and Pret (ready to wear). There is a third category called STREET , as the name says is generated by the moving moods of the people, the street trends are picked up from cities like milan, paris, london, new york, tokyo, amstredam, stockholm, berlin, cologne etc.

ANNEXURE