Fange Centre for Health Economics NEWS FROM THE MONASH IN THIS ISSUE NEW RESEARCH COMMENCES REGIONAL COMPARISONS QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH REPORTING HETEROGENEITY IN THE PRESS UPCOMING EVENTS AWARDS, PUBLICATIONS & PRESENTATIONS Issue 04 Sept 2014 New Research Commences burden due to preventable maternal mortality and morbidity. Professor Anthony Harris has received a grant through Medibank’s new Health Research Fund (MHRF), one of only nine awarded Australia-wide. The grant will fund development of an online tool to assist in the routine collection of outcome data by healthcare providers, insurers and fund holders to help improve the allocation of resources in the healthcare sector. The project is part of a wider research program at the Centre for Health Economics into the measurement of health-related quality of life and wellbeing and its social value, and in particular an extension of the Multi-Instrument Comparison (MIC) program initiated by Professor Jeff Richardson. A/Prof Paula Lorgelly and Katherine Gilbert have been awarded funding from a new grant scheme, initiated by the Faculty of Business and Economics to encourage interdisciplinary collaboration. The grant supports collaboration between CHE researchers and specialists in public health, development studies and international health. CHE researchers will work closely with Prof Jane Fisher (School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences), Dr Elissa Kennedy (Centre for International Health, Burnet Institute) and Dr Divi Ogaoga (Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Solomon Islands) to investigate the determinants, impacts and costs of unsafe abortion in the Solomon Islands. Findings from the study will help policy makers and providers in the Solomon Islands to mount a better public health response, helping to address the significant
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Fange
Centre for Health Economics NEWS FROM THE MONASH
IN THIS ISSUE
NEW RESEARCH
COMMENCES
REGIONAL
COMPARISONS
QUALITY OF LIFE
RESEARCH
REPORTING
HETEROGENEITY
IN THE PRESS
UPCOMING EVENTS
AWARDS,
PUBLICATIONS
& PRESENTATIONS
Issue
04
Sept 2014
New Research Commences
burden due to preventable maternal
mortality and morbidity.
Professor Anthony Harris has received a grant through Medibank’s new
Health Research Fund (MHRF), one of only nine awarded Australia-wide. The
grant will fund development of an online tool to assist in the routine collection
of outcome data by healthcare providers, insurers and fund holders to help
improve the allocation of resources in the healthcare sector. The project is
part of a wider research program at the Centre for Health Economics into the
measurement of health-related quality of life and wellbeing and its social
value, and in particular an extension of the Multi-Instrument Comparison
(MIC) program initiated by Professor Jeff Richardson.
A/Prof Paula Lorgelly and Katherine Gilbert have been awarded funding
from a new grant scheme, initiated by the Faculty of Business and Economics
to encourage interdisciplinary collaboration. The grant supports collaboration
between CHE researchers and specialists in public health, development
studies and international health. CHE researchers will work closely with Prof
Jane Fisher (School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences), Dr Elissa Kennedy (Centre for
International Health, Burnet Institute) and Dr Divi Ogaoga (Ministry of Health
and Medical Services, Solomon Islands) to investigate the determinants,
impacts and costs of unsafe abortion in the Solomon Islands. Findings from
the study will help policy makers and providers in the Solomon Islands to
mount a better public health response, helping to address the significant
International comparisons of living standards, ranking of countries by GDP, and comparisons of
inequality or poverty across countries all require conversion of one currency into another. An
important drawback of purchasing power parities (PPPs) and other conversion factors is that they
treat each country as a single identity, ignoring the fact that prices may be higher in London than in
Birmingham and lower in Wagga Wagga than in Sydney. They ignore the fact that in large
countries, such as Brazil and India, there is much greater variation in prices and consumer
preferences between states or provinces than there is between many smaller countries. Cross-
country comparisons between Adelaide and London, Sydney and Birmingham, or between Brasilia
and New Delhi may therefore be confounded by differences in purchasing power and consumer
preferences even after converting currencies into international dollars using standard PPP
conversion factors. What’s more, comparisons within countries will suffer from similar problems
unless corrected for the fact that a dollar is worth less in Sydney than in Wagga Wagga and for the
fact that the consumption patterns of Sydneysiders are different in kind than consumption patterns
in country and regional New South Wales.
Contributing to recent literature modelling spatial variation in prices within countries, Kompal
Sinha from the Centre for Health Economics along with Ranjan Ray (Economics, Monash
University) and Amita Majumder (Indian Statistical Institute, India) have recently conducted
research, published in Macroeconomic Dynamics and Review of Income and Wealth that derives
spatial prices (within-country conversion factors) and uses them for welfare comparisons within
countries and across countries. This research departs from the previous literature on PPPs in
proposing a demand system based methodology for calculating conversion factors that takes
account of consumer preferences and allows for the substitution effect of price changes. It shows
how unit values obtained from expenditure and quantity information on purchases can be used to
provide the necessary price information after adjusting for quality and demographic characteristics,
and describes the procedure of generating quality-adjusted unit values as prices. The usefulness of
this approach is shown by making ‘corrected’ expenditure comparisons of food items between
states of India, demonstrating that this type of correction may be just as important for price and
expenditure comparisons within countries as it is for comparisons between countries. Applying this
approach more broadly could make exercises such as the World Bank’s ICP even more useful for
evidence-based policy making.
The role that PPPs perform in converting an internationally denominated poverty line, for example, US$1 a day, into a poverty line in Indian rupees or Solomon Island dollars is much the same as the role that spatial prices play inside a country in converting the national poverty line into regional poverty lines, taking into account regional prices and preferences. ”