Fallacies of Amphiboly, Equivocation & Composition

FallacIEs of Amphiboly, Equivocation & Composition

FALLACIES OF Amphiboly, Equivocation & CompositionGroup 3Abarintos, VernalynBacsarsa, AlvinSalik, Sittie ZuleihaSantos, RamonFallacy of AmphibolyAn ambiguity which results from ambiguous grammarFrom uncertainty of the grammatical construction rather than of the meaning of the wordsA sentence whose grammatical structure permits different interpretationsRelies on grammatical structure to confuse or mislead an audience

Fallacy of AmphibolyExamples:

The anthropologists went to a remote area and took photographs of some native women, but they weren't developed.Fallacy of Amphiboly

Source: www.blogorganon.blogspot.comFallacy of Amphiboly

Source: www.grammarproject.blogspot.comFallacy of AmphibolySource: www.quotesworthrepeating.com

Fallacy of EquivocationIt is committed when a word/phrase with at least two different meanings is used in a single argumentOften confused with amphibolyIt is fallacious because it exploits the multiple meanings most words have by using secondary meanings to lead to a false conclusion

Fallacy of EquivocationExamples:A feather is light.What is light cannot be dark.Therefore, a feather cannot be dark.

Fallacy of Equivocation

Source: www.fallacydetective.comFallacy of Equivocation

Sources: www.trullyfallacious.com www.distractify.comFallacy of Equivocation

Source: www.reddit.comFallacy of Equivocation

Source: www.reddit.comFallacy of CompositionFallacy of grammatical analogyTreats a distributed characteristic as if it were collectedTaking jointly what should be taken separatelyForm: A is part of B. A has property X. Therefore, B has property X.Fallacy of CompositionExamples:Everything, all of creation, is held together by chemical bonds. Chemical bonds are invisible so everything is invisible, too.Hydrogen is not wet. Oxygen is not wet. Therefore, H2O(l) is not wet.

Fallacy of Composition2 is a number.2+2 = 4.Therefore any number is equal to 4.

Person 1: Ui! Anong course mo?Person 2: BS Chemistry!Person 3: Wow! Ang tatalino niyo siguro!

Dr. Dela Cruz is a philosophy teacher.Dr. Dela Cruz is cool and awesome.Therefore, all philosophy professors are cool.Fallacy of CompositionSources: www.karinhowe.comwww.niyamaklogic.wordpress.com

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