FACTORS INFLUENCING CREATIVE TEACHING AMONG TEACHERS IN ISLAMIC PRIVATE SCHOOLS IN KUALA LUMPUR BY POPOOLA KAREEM HAMED A dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Education in Curriculum and Instruction Kulliyyah of Education International Islamic University Malaysia JULY 2015
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FACTORS INFLUENCING CREATIVE TEACHING
AMONG TEACHERS IN ISLAMIC PRIVATE SCHOOLS
IN KUALA LUMPUR
BY
POPOOLA KAREEM HAMED
A dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for
the degree of Master of Education in Curriculum and
Instruction
Kulliyyah of Education
International Islamic University Malaysia
JULY 2015
ii
ABSTRACT
Creative teaching is considered as an essential technique and a systematic learning
approach in education that brings delight and meaning to an individual’s condition.
An absence of creativity leads to the lack of art, literature, science, innovation,
problem solving and progress. The recent calls in education for an implementation of
authentic activities and real world problem solving necessitate students’ engagements
with contents of curriculum in flexible and creative ways of teaching. However,
Muslims were dissatisfied with the traditional method of teaching in Islamic schools
as they realized that this method of teaching does not allow for critical and creative
thinking; leaving Muslim educators in a dilemma. This study is generally aimed to
investigate the factors influencing creative teaching amongst the teachers of Islamic
private schools (IPS). This study used quantitative research method which consisted
of surveys adopted from the questionnaires for creative teaching factors and
administered to 180 teachers from four selected Islamic schools. A stratified sampling
technique was used in this study. The data was analysed quantitatively using the
descriptive analysis, Independent Sample t-Test and ANOVA. The findings showed
that the creative teaching of teachers in IPS is profoundly influenced by motivation,
personal effort, learning attitude, teaching belief, school environment, teaching
commitment, personal knowledge and growing up experience. In addition, the result
identified the main factors influenced creative teaching of teachers at IPS was the
personal efforts, teaching beliefs, teaching commitment and personal knowledge.
Lastly, the findings indicated that there were statistically significant differences in
some factors influencing creative teaching of teachers at IPS in terms of respondents’
demography while others were not significant. Based on the findings, the researcher
suggested the need for a solid body of experienced creative professional in response to
the diverse range of attitudes towards creative teaching among the Islamic private
schools.
iii
خلاصة البحثABSTRACT IN ARABIC
يعتبر التدريس الإبداعي كتقنية أساسية وأسلوب التعلم المنظم في مجال التعليم التي تجلب البهجة لعلوم والابتكار والمعنى إلى حالة الأفراد. عدم وجود الإبداع يؤدي إلى نقص في الفن والأدب وا
وحل المشكلات والتقدم. الدعوة الحديثة في التعليم لتنفيذ الأنشطة الأصيلة وحل مشكلة العالم الحقيقي تتطلب التزام الطلاب مع محتويات المناهج الدراسية بطرق مرنة ومبتكرة للتدريس. ومع
لمدارس الإسلامية؛ لأنهم ذلك، كان المسلمون غير راضين مع الطريقة التقليدية في التدريس في اأدركوا أن المناهج التعليمية المتاحة لا يفتح مجالا للتفكير النقدي والإبداعي. وهذا جعل معظم التربويين من المسلمين في موقف مأزق. وتهدف الدراسة الحالية بشكل عام للتحقيق في العوامل
الخاصة. استخدمت هذه الدراسة المؤثرة في التدريس الإبداعي لدى معلمي المدارس الإسلامية طريقة البحث الكمي الذي يتألف من المسح المعتمدة من الاستبيان للعوامل التدريس الإبداعي
معلما من أربع مدارس إسلامية مختارة. وكما تم استخدام تقنية أخذ العينات 180ووزعت على التحليل الوصفي ونموذج اختبار الطبقية في هذه الدراسة. أما بنسبة تحليل البيانات، اسُتخدم
(. وأظهرت النتائج أن التدريس ANOVA)( وانوفا INDEPENDENT T-TESTمستقل )الإبداعي للمعلمين في المدارس الإسلامية الخاصة يتأثر بعمق مع الدافع النفسية والجهد الشخصي، وسلوك التعلم ، ومعتقدات التعليم والبيئة المدرسية، والالتزام التعليمي والمعرفة
ت الشخصية، والمعتقدات التعليمية، الشخصية والخبرة المتنامية. وكما أظهرت النتائج أن المجهوداعلى المعلمين في التدريس الإبداعي من العوامل والالتزام التعليمي والمعرفة الشخصية أكثر تأثيرا
وأخيرا، أشارت النتائج إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في بعض العوامل المؤثرة .الأخرىمن حيث البيانات الشخصية لدى ية الخاصةالتدريس الإبداعي للمعلمين في المدارس الإسلام
المستجيبين بينما كان البعض الآخر ليس فيها فروق كبيرة. وبناء على هذه النتائج، وتوصي الباحث إلى ضرورة وجود هيئة قوية من ذوي الخبرة المهنية الإبداعية للاستجابة إلى مجموعة متنوعة
رس الإسلامية الخاصة. من المواقف تجاه التدريس الإبداعي بين المدا
iv
APPROVAL PAGE
I certify that I have supervised and read this study and that in my opinion; it conforms
to acceptable standards of scholarly presentation and is fully adequate, in scope and
quality, as a dissertation for the degree of Master of Education in Curriculum and
Instruction.
………………………………….
Abdul Shakour Duncan Preece
Supervisor
I certify that I have read this study and that in my opinion it conforms to acceptable
standards of scholarly presentation and is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a
dissertation for the degree of Master of Education in Curriculum and Instruction.
………………………………….
Che Noraini Hashim
Examiner
This dissertation was submitted to the Department of Curriculum and Instruction and
is accepted as a fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Education in
Curriculum and Instruction.
………………………………….
Tahraoui Ramdane
Head, Department of Curriculum
and Instruction
This dissertation was submitted to the Kulliyyah of Education and is accepted as a
fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Education in Curriculum and
Instruction.
………………………………….
Nik Ahmad Hisham Ismail
Dean, Kulliyyah of Education
v
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this dissertation is the result of my own investigation, except
where otherwise stated. I also declare that it has not been previously or concurrently
submitted as a whole for any other degrees at IIUM or other institutions.
Popoola Kareem Hamed Signature………………..……. Date …..............................
vi
COPYRIGHT PAGE
INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA
DECLARATION OF COPYRIGHT AN AFFIRMATION OF FAIR USE OF UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH
LUMPUR No parts of this unpublished research may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written permission of the copyright holder except as provided below.
1. Any material contained in or derived from this unpublished research may
be used by others in their writing with due acknowledgement.
2. IIUM or its library will have the right to make and transmit copies (print
or electronic) for institutional and academic purposes.
3. The IIUM library will have the right to make, store in a retrieval system
and supply copies of this unpublished research if requested by other universities and research libraries.
Affirmed by Popoola Kareem Hamed
………………………………… …………………
Signature Date
vii
DEDICATION
I dedicate this dissertation to my precious family: My beloved father, although you
have answered the call of nature, your legacy of wisdom, integrity and courage will
go on forever. Almighty Allah will grant you Al Jannah, Inshallah.
This dissertation is also dedicated to my treasured and adored mother in appreciation
of her sympathetic encouragements, prayers and reassurances given to me during my
study. I pray that you shall reap the fruit of your labor.
viii
AKNOWLEDGEMENTS
All praise be to the great grand architect, uncreated creator of the universe (Almighty
Allah SWT), for bequeathing me with potency, persistence and patience in
successfully completing this dissertation. I would also like to express my gratitude and
submission to Allah SWT who upheld my decision to make a radical turn in my life to
embark in graduating and fulfilling my success at the International Islamic University
Malaysia.
I am immensely thankful to my supervisor Dr. Abdul Shakour Duncan Preece
of the Department of Curriculum and Instruction for his continuous guidance, advice,
effort and praiseworthy, estimable input throughout the research.
I greatly appreciate the help from many illustrious, eminent and distinguished
individuals such as: Asst. Prof. Dr. Mohd Burhan Ibrahim, Asst. Prof. Dr. Joharry
Othman, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suhailah Hussien, Asst. Prof Dr. Sharifah Sariah Syed
Hassan Shahabudin and Dr. Wan Mazawati Wan Yusoff for their suggestions and
their prestigious time used to assist me intellectually, academically and cerebrally in
achieving a commemorative goal to write a good article of work.
My prodigious gratitude is also due to all my talented, knowledgeable and
skillful lecturers through whom I have been impacted with knowledge and a way of
creating my own image. They taught us with soul, May Allah spare their souls.
Additionally, a million thanks are due to all my colleagues at UIA in general
and at the of Kuliyyah of Education in specific whom have which played an
influential role in my academic performances.
I would not forget to extend my gratification to the Kulliyyah of education
postgraduate administration office with the efforts of the staff in providing the
necessary letters, materials and information necessary in my journey of this research.
Last but not least, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my late
beloved father. Almighty Allah will grant you Al Jannah, Inshallah. My mother for
encouraging and supporting me throughout the study and everyone for their
contribution to my study, directly or indirectly, inspiring the best ideas for my writing.
Thank you very much.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract .................................................................................................................... ii Abstract in Arabic .................................................................................................... iii Approval Page .......................................................................................................... iv
Declaration ............................................................................................................... v Copyright Page ......................................................................................................... vi Dedication ................................................................................................................ vii Aknowledgements .................................................................................................... viii List of Tables ........................................................................................................... xii
List of Figures .......................................................................................................... xiv
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ................................................................. 1 1.1 Background of the Study ........................................................................ 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem........................................................................ 4 1.3 Research Objectives................................................................................ 5 1.4 Research Questions ................................................................................. 6
1.5 Null Hypothesis: ..................................................................................... 7 1.6 Significance of the Study ........................................................................ 7
1.7 Limitation of the Study ........................................................................... 8 1.8 Definition of Terms ................................................................................ 8
CHAPTER TWO: RELATED REVIEW OF RESEARCH LITERATURE ... 11 2.1 Introduction............................................................................................. 11
2.2 Aims of Islamic Education ..................................................................... 11 2.3 Creativity and Education ........................................................................ 12 2.4 Creativity Movement in Teaching .......................................................... 15
2.5 Creative Teaching in Islamic Schools .................................................... 18 2.6 Characteristics of a Creative Teacher ..................................................... 20
2.6.1 Personal characteristics ................................................................. 23 2.6.2 Pedagogical ................................................................................... 24
3.7 Development of instrument .................................................................... 35 3.8 Validity and Reliability .......................................................................... 37 3.9 Data Collection Procedure ...................................................................... 38 3.10 Ethical Considerations .......................................................................... 39 3.11 Pilot Test ............................................................................................... 39
3.12 Data Analysis Methods ......................................................................... 40 3.13 Chapter Three Summary ....................................................................... 42
CHAPTER FOUR: FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS ................... 43 4.1 Introduction............................................................................................. 43
4.2 Respondents’ Demographic Background ............................................... 44 4.3 Descriptive Statistics Findings from Section B ...................................... 47
4.4 Research Findings on the Main Factor(s) Influencing Teachers’
Creative Teaching at Islamic Private Schools (IPS) ............................... 65 4.5 Findings on the Significant Differences in the Factors Affectig
Creative Teaching at Islamic Private Schools Among Teachers of
Different (Gender) .................................................................................. 67 4.6 Findings on the Significant Difference in the Factors Affecting
Creative Teaching at Islamic Private Schools Among Teachers of
Different (Age, Highest Academic Qualification, Teaching
Experience and Subject Taught) ............................................................. 73
RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................................... 88 5.1 Intruduction............................................................................................. 88 5.2 Summary of the Study ............................................................................ 88 5.3 Discussions ............................................................................................. 90
5.3.1 Factors influencing creative teaching of teachers in Islamic
Private Schools (IPS). ................................................................... 90 5.3.2 The main Factors influencing creative teaching of teachers in
Islamic Private Schools (IPS). ...................................................... 90 5.3.3 Significant differences in the factors affecting creative
teaching at Islamic private schools among teachers of
different genders. .......................................................................... 91
5.3.4 Significant differences in the factors affecting creative
teaching at Islamic private schools among teachers of
different age, highest academic qualification, teaching
experience and subject taught. ...................................................... 91 5.4 Implications ............................................................................................ 92 5.5 Recommendations for Future Research .................................................. 93
APPENDIX 2: QUESTIONNARES / SOAL SELIKI .......................................... 110 APPENDIX 3: DETAILED DISTRIBUTION OF AGREEMENT FROM
RAW OUTPUT ....................................................................................................... 117
APPENDIX 4: FOR DETERMINING SAMPLE SIZE FRM A GIVEN
POPULATION ........................................................................................................ 123 APPENDIX5: DETERMINATION CRITERION OF SAMPLE SIZE
THROUGH THE CONFIDENCE INTERVAL AND MARGIN OF ERROR