Science at the service of Public health, Food chain safety and Environment. FACT SHEET pCPP September 2016 For more information, please contact: Dr. P. Blanckaert Coordinator Belgian Early Warning System Drugs Scientific Institute of Public Health National Focal Point on Drugs Jyliette Wytsmanstraat 14 B-1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel : 02/642 5408 [email protected]
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Science at the service of Public health, Food chain safety and Environment.
FACT SHEET
pCPP
September 2016
For more information, please contact: Dr. P. Blanckaert Coordinator Belgian Early Warning System Drugs Scientific Institute of Public Health National Focal Point on Drugs Jyliette Wytsmanstraat 14 B-1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel : 02/642 5408 [email protected]
The information in this message is exclusively meant for the EWS-network, and was
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The information contained in this document is also available on the BEWSD-website (with corresponding pdf-files and analytical data).
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See annex: "Analytical profiles of the piperazines", from the LTG (formerly known as
the London Toxicology Group)
G. References
/
Analytical profiles of the piperazines Over the past few months (Autumn 2006) members of LTG have become aware of an increasing number of piperazine compounds sold on websites as “herbal ecstasy”. They are often promoted as a legal alternative to MDMA, sometimes as a “harm minimisation” strategy. None of the compounds are licensed medicines or have been evaluated for their safety. The health consequences of the widespread availability are beginning to emerge with reports of hospitalisations and involvement in road accidents. This monograph presents brief analytical profiles of the piperazine derivatives found in “illicit” tablets and capsules in the UK. Not all the compounds listed have been found in products but are presented because they are positional isomers of those that have. Isomers that are not resolved by GC/MS may be differentiated by HPLC with UV diode array detection because the UV absorption spectra vary. Analytical standards of all the compounds are available commercially from Sigma Aldrich, the catalogue numbers are provided in the table. Some compounds are only available as free bases, for others the hydrochloride salts are also available. Some immunoassays that target methylamfetamine also detect some of the piperazines. Dilutions of a 1mg/mL solution of the compounds in methanol were made in water for the evaluations of the immunoassay unit test devices. Thanks are due to Alan Freke of Dade Behring for donation of the Syva RapidTest d.a.u. devices.
The compounds
A 1-benzylpiperazine C11H16N2, mw 176 Sigma Aldrich 13815-25G-F
BZP
N N
B 1-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine C10H13FN2, mw 180 Sigma Aldrich 19133-7
100 micrograms / ml 10 micrograms / ml 1 microgram / ml
mAMP AMP MET mAMP MET mAMP A BZP P N N P N P B pFPP P N N P N - C TFMPP N N N N N - D mMPP P N N P N - E pMPP P N N P N - F oCPP P N ?N P ?N - G oMeOPP N N N N N - H mCPP ?P N N N N - I pMeOPP P N N P N - J pCPP P N N P N - K DBZP - - - - - -
Test Cutoff mAMP Syva RapidTest d.a.u. Methylamphetamine 1 microgram / ml AMP Syva RapidTest d.a.u. Amphetamine 1 microgram / ml MET Acon Methylamphetamine 1 microgram / ml
P positive N negative - not tested
Occurrence of the compounds in products found in UK
in UK tablets/capsules A BZP Yes B pFPP Yes C TFMPP Yes D mMPP No E pMPP No F oCPP No G oMeOPP No H mCPP Yes I pMeOPP Yes J pCPP ? K DBZP Yes
Reaction with Marquis Reagent
Marquis reagent A BZP N B pFPP N C TFMPP N D mMPP N E pMPP N F oCPP N G oMeOPP very pale pink H mCPP N I pMeOPP N J pCPP N K DBZP O
Analytical profiles of the piperazines Over the past few months (Autumn 2006) members of LTG have become aware of an increasing number of piperazine compounds sold on websites as “herbal ecstasy”. They are often promoted as a legal alternative to MDMA, sometimes as a “harm minimisation” strategy. None of the compounds are licensed medicines or have been evaluated for their safety. The health consequences of the widespread availability are beginning to emerge with reports of hospitalisations and involvement in road accidents. This monograph presents brief analytical profiles of the piperazine derivatives found in “illicit” tablets and capsules in the UK. Not all the compounds listed have been found in products but are presented because they are positional isomers of those that have. Isomers that are not resolved by GC/MS may be differentiated by HPLC with UV diode array detection because the UV absorption spectra vary. Analytical standards of all the compounds are available commercially from Sigma Aldrich, the catalogue numbers are provided in the table. Some compounds are only available as free bases, for others the hydrochloride salts are also available. Some immunoassays that target methylamfetamine also detect some of the piperazines. Dilutions of a 1mg/mL solution of the compounds in methanol were made in water for the evaluations of the immunoassay unit test devices. Thanks are due to Alan Freke of Dade Behring for donation of the Syva RapidTest d.a.u. devices.
The compounds
A 1-benzylpiperazine C11H16N2, mw 176 Sigma Aldrich 13815-25G-F
BZP
N N
B 1-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine C10H13FN2, mw 180 Sigma Aldrich 19133-7
100 micrograms / ml 10 micrograms / ml 1 microgram / ml
mAMP AMP MET mAMP MET mAMP A BZP P N N P N P B pFPP P N N P N - C TFMPP N N N N N - D mMPP P N N P N - E pMPP P N N P N - F oCPP P N ?N P ?N - G oMeOPP N N N N N - H mCPP ?P N N N N - I pMeOPP P N N P N - J pCPP P N N P N - K DBZP - - - - - -
Test Cutoff mAMP Syva RapidTest d.a.u. Methylamphetamine 1 microgram / ml AMP Syva RapidTest d.a.u. Amphetamine 1 microgram / ml MET Acon Methylamphetamine 1 microgram / ml
P positive N negative - not tested
Occurrence of the compounds in products found in UK
in UK tablets/capsules A BZP Yes B pFPP Yes C TFMPP Yes D mMPP No E pMPP No F oCPP No G oMeOPP No H mCPP Yes I pMeOPP Yes J pCPP ? K DBZP Yes
Reaction with Marquis Reagent
Marquis reagent A BZP N B pFPP N C TFMPP N D mMPP N E pMPP N F oCPP N G oMeOPP very pale pink H mCPP N I pMeOPP N J pCPP N K DBZP O