FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems 20.10.2004 Fachhochschule Lausitz, Senftenberg Systems Engineering MASTER THESIS SAMPATH KUMAR UPPU (Matriculation Nr.212835) Supervisors: Prof. Dr.-Ing. E. Stein, FH Lausitz, Senftenberg Dr. H. Grüger Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems, Dresden Prof. Dr.-Ing. B. K. Glück FH Lausitz, Senftenberg
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Fachhochschule Lausitz, Senftenberg Systems Engineering MASTER THESIS SAMPATH KUMAR UPPU
Fachhochschule Lausitz, Senftenberg Systems Engineering MASTER THESIS SAMPATH KUMAR UPPU (Matriculation Nr.212835) Supervisors:. Contents Introduction Problem definition Importance of this thesis work Measurement of Earth’s field by using fluxgate sensor Theoretical explanation - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Fachhochschule Lausitz, Senftenberg
Systems Engineering
MASTER THESIS
SAMPATH KUMAR UPPU
(Matriculation Nr.212835)
Supervisors:
Prof. Dr.-Ing. E. Stein,
FH Lausitz, Senftenberg
Dr. H. Grüger
Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems, Dresden
Prof. Dr.-Ing. B. K. Glück
FH Lausitz, Senftenberg
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Contents Introduction
Problem definitionImportance of this thesis work
Measurement of Earth’s field by using fluxgate sensor Theoretical explanation Advantages of fluxgate sensor
Experimental Set-up and measurement procedure Measurement results
Comparison of vehicle signatures and equipotential lines Interpretations of the results
Discussions Conclusion
Future prospects
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Problem Definition: With the increase of traffic on the roads the current traffic detection
systems(Inductive loops) which are placed just below the earth‘s surface are not reliable.
Finding the appropriate vehicle recognition system.
Aim of the Project: The fluxgate sensor implementation in traffic detection system.
Finding the the appropriate sensor location and its direction of placement.
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Earth’s magnetic field The earth’s magnetic field vector
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Vehicle disturbance in Earth‘s field:
Ferrous object disturbance in uniform field:
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Comparison of different magnetic elements with their operational range:
Fluxgate-Sensors
SQUIDS MR-Sensors
10 10 10 10 0 -3 -6 -9 10 10 3 6
10 9
Magnetic Field strength H in A/m
Bio magnetism
10 10 10 10 -6 -9 -12 -15
10 10 -3 0
10 3
Magnetic flux density B in T
Compass systems
Earth field
Potential free current measurement
Permanent magnets
Magnetic coils
Hall-Elements
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Comparison of low field magnetic sensors with the same resolution:
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Sensor Type Measurement Range
Resolution Current Consumption
Hall sensor ±50mT 0.1mT 20mA
Magnetoresistive sensor
± 10mT/ ±1mT 200µT/20µT 10mA
IMS fluxgate sensor ±200µT 1µT 35mA
Comparison of different magnetic sensors:
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Working Principle of Fluxgate Sensor:
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Layout Diagram of FGS1/COB07:
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Characteristics: Two sensor axes are arranged in orthogonal directions. The differential arrangement of fluxgate system filters
out the even harmonics from the output signal. With the differential arrangement the sensitivity will be
twice as that of the single axis fluxgate sensor. The output voltage is linear. Low drift in sensitivity. The excitation current required by ferromagnetic core to
drive into saturationregion is 30-35mA.
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Advantages: The sensor is not affected by weather
conditions such as rain, fog, snow, wind etc., and dirt.
There is no problem to detect the vehicle even when the vehicle is projected into adjacent lane.
This sensor needs very low maintenance. With this sensor both moving and standing
vehicles can be detected.
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Experimental Set-up:
Measurement of Vehicle Signature
VW Passat B3
Variant
Driving Direction
8 x Sensor
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems
20.10.2004
Blockdiagramm of Hardware
Fluxgate-Sensor
External Power Supply
USB
Software
CPU
Magnetic field
Passat
-1,4
-1,2
-1
-0,8
-0,6
-0,4
-0,2
0
0,2
0,4
-600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000
distance(cm)
16cm
-By-
µT
FH Lausitz/ SE Sampath Kumar, Uppu
Investigation of Magnetic Pattern of Vehicles and Correlation to Demands of Detection Systems