Facch Call Set-up

FACCH Call Set-up

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# Nokia Siemens Networks 1 (27)

BSC3153Nokia GSM/EDGE BSS, Rel. BSS13, BSC andTCSM, Rel. S13, Product Documentation, v.1

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2 (27) # Nokia Siemens Networks DN9814074Issue 11-0 en28/02/2008

FACCH Call Set-up

Contents

Contents 3

List of tables 4

List of figures 5

Summary of changes 7

1 Overview of FACCH Call Set-up 9

2 Procedures of FACCH Call Set-up 112.1 Channel required procedure 112.2 Channel reservation procedure 142.3 Channel activation procedure 152.4 Immediate assignment procedure 172.5 Mode modify procedure 19

3 User interface of FACCH Call Set-up 25

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Contents

List of tables

Table 1. NECI parameter is set to OFF 12

Table 2. NECI parameter is set to ON 13


FACCH Call Set-up

List of figures

Figure 1. Channel required procedure 11

Figure 2. CHANNEL REQUEST message, only one octet long 12

Figure 3. Channel activation procedure 15

Figure 4. Immediate assignment procedure 17

Figure 5. Mode modify procedure 20

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List of figures


FACCH Call Set-up

Summary of changes

Changes between document issues are cumulative. Therefore, the latestdocument issue contains all changes made to previous issues.

Changes made between issues 11-0 and 10-0

In section Channel activation procedure, ACCH control information hasbeen added.


The lists of supported establishment causes in CHANNEL REQUESTmessage have been updated in section Channel required procedure.


A note has been added to section Channel request message about HR/FRdata.

Specification references have been updated.

Multirate configuration information has been removed from the document.

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Summary of changes


FACCH Call Set-up

1 Overview of FACCH Call Set-up

When an MS requests a dedicated resource by sending a random access,the BSC tries to allocate an SDCCH for the MS. If there are no SDCCHsavailable at that moment, the BSC tries to allocate a TCH instead ofrejecting the resource request.

If there are free TCHs, FACCH Call Set-up is used to assign the MS fromthe CCCH to the TCH - instead of the SDCCH - with the immediateassignment procedure. The FACCH is used for call set-up signallinginstead of the SDCCH. The TCH is used for signalling and thus noassignment procedure is needed in the radio interface. Instead, only themode modify procedure is required to change the channel mode fromsignalling to, for example, speech or data.

Note that AMR with FACCH Call Set-up does not work if the BTS does notsupport AMR.

FACCH Call Set-up is an optional functionality.

Related topics in FACCH Call Set-up

. Procedures of FACCH Call Set-up

. User interface of FACCH Call Set-up

Other related topics

. Functional descriptions. Operability

. Radio Network Configuration Management

. Reference. Commands

. MML Commands

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Overview of FACCH Call Set-up

. EE - Base Station Controller Parameter Handlingin BSC

. EQ - Base Transceiver Station Handling in BSC. Parameters

. BSS Radio Network Parameter Dictionary

. PRFILE and FIFILE Parameter List


FACCH Call Set-up

2 Procedures of FACCH Call Set-up

The procedures of FACCH Call Set-up are described in more detail in thefollowing sections.

The causes presented in the procedures are BSSMAP causes. For moreinformation on the corresponding DX causes, see Call Related DX Causesin BSC under Reference/Clear codes/cause codes in the PDF view.

2.1 Channel required procedure

The channel required procedure offers the MS the means to start theestablishment of a mobile originating call or to answer the PAGINGREQUEST message.

The channel required procedure is presented in the following figure.

Figure 1. Channel required procedure

CHANNEL REQUEST message

The MS requests for a dedicated signalling channel SDCCH by sendingthe CHANNEL REQUEST message (a) to the BTS on the RACH. Themessage is sent in random mode and consists of two different informationelements that are coded as follows:

MS BTS BSC MSC

a)CHANNEL REQUEST

b)CHANNEL REQUIRED

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Procedures of FACCH Call Set-up

Figure 2. CHANNEL REQUEST message, only one octet long

The establishment cause information field indicates the reason forrequesting the establishment of a connection. This field has a variablelength (from 3 bits up to 6 bits). The random reference is an unformattedfield with variable length (from 5 bits down to 2 bits). The establishmentcause information field length is 3 when the MS is GSM phase 1 level orwhen the MS is GSM phase 2 level and the new establishmentcauses support (NECI) parameter is set to OFF.

The following establishment causes are supported (the random referencefield is marked with xs):

Table 1. NECI parameter is set to OFF

MESSAGE

8 ... 1 Meaning of establishment cause

000xxxxx Location updating (SDCCH)

100xxxxx Answer to paging (SDCCH, TCH/H or TCH/F)

101xxxxx Emergency call

110xxxxx Call re-establishment (TCH/F)

111xxxxx Originating call (TCH/F)

0010xxxx Answer to paging, dual rate MS and TCH/F isrequested

0011xxxx Answer to paging, dual rate MS and TCH/H orTCH/F is requested

Bit

Octet 1

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

ESTABLISHMENTCAUSE

RANDOMREFERENCE


FACCH Call Set-up

Table 2. NECI parameter is set to ON

MESSAGE

8 ... 1 Meaning of establishment cause

0000xxxx Location updating (SDCCH)

0001xxxx Other procedures which can be completed withan SDCCH

100xxxxx Answer to paging (SDCCH, TCH/H or TCH/F)

101xxxxx Emergency call

110xxxxx Call re-establishment, TCH/F was in use (TCH/F)

111xxxxx Originating call and TCH/F is needed

0010xxxx Answer to paging, dual rate MS and TCH/F isrequested

0011xxxx Answer to paging, dual rate MS and TCH/H orTCH/F is requested.

0100xxxx Originating speech call from dual rate MS whenTCH/H is sufficient (TCH/H)

0101xxxx Originating data call from dual rate MS whenTCH/H is sufficient (TCH/H)

011011xx Call re-establishment, TCH/H was in use (TCH/H)

Note that HR data call is not supported in the BSC. FR is the preferred ratefor data call request and re-establishment call request. If a call requestbased on the establishment cause can be either data or speech, counter001124 TCH FACCH CALL CH RATE NOT DEF is incremented and FR isset as the preferred rate.

The network uses the random reference and the MS access slot number toidentify and to address the MS.

The MS starts the GSM timer T3120 and waits for its access acceptance,which is the IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message on the AGCH.

If the MS is not granted access within the time limit defined by the GSMtimer T3120, the MS makes a second attempt and sends anotherCHANNEL REQUEST message with a new random reference on the nexttime slot. A new value of the GSM timer T3120 is computed and used. TheMS repeats this procedure either until it is granted access or until thenumber of repetitions reaches the maximum.

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CHANNEL REQUIRED message

After receiving the CHANNEL REQUIRED message (b) from the BTS, theBSC starts to allocate a relevant channel.

The CHANNEL REQUIRED message includes the following data:

. message discriminator: common channel management

. message type: channel required

. channel number: uplink CCCH (RACH)

. request reference: establishment cause, random reference receivedin the channel request and the frame number on which it wasreceived

. access delay: delay of the access burst as measured by the BTS.

2.2 Channel reservation procedure

After receiving the CHANNEL REQUIRED message, the BSC begins tosearch for an SDCCH. If there are no SDCCHs available, the BSC starts tosearch for a TCH. If there is a TCH available in the cell from which theoriginal access was granted, the BSC reserves it and the immediateassignment procedure starts.

If all the SDCCHs and TCHs are reserved in the cell in question, the BSCsends an IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT REJECT message to the MS.

The BSC can allocate TCHs or SDCCHs as follows:

. TCH/F or TCH/H due to the CHANNEL REQUIRED message, ifthere are no SDCCHs available and FACCH Call Set-up is allowed

. SDCCH due to the CHANNEL REQUIRED message, if there areSDCCHs available and FACCH Call Set-up is allowed

. SDCCH due to the CHANNEL REQUIRED message, if FACCH CallSet-up is not allowed.

The number of TCHs and SDCCHs depends on the radio configuration.


FACCH Call Set-up

2.3 Channel activation procedure

After a new TCH has been successfully reserved, the BSC activates thechannel by sending the CHANNEL ACTIVATION message to the BTS.The GSM timer T9103 supervises the channel activation procedure. Thechannel mode for the TCH channel is signalling.

The channel activation procedure is presented in the following figure.

Figure 3. Channel activation procedure

CHANNEL ACTIVATION message

The BSC sends the CHANNEL ACTIVATION message (a) to the BTS inorder to activate the new TCH channel.

The CHANNEL ACTIVATION message includes the following data:

. message discriminator: dedicated channel management

. message type: channel activation

. channel number

. activation type

. channel mode: DTX control and channel type (signalling, TCH/F orTCH/H, no resources required)

. BS power: maximum BS power level authorised in the cell (optional)

. MS power: maximum MS power level authorised in the cell (optional)

. timing advance to be used by the MS in subsequentcommunications (optional)

. SACCH information (optional)

. ACCH control information (optional).

MS BTS BSC MSC

a)CHANNEL ACTIVATION

b)CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK

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The SACCH information is used in a dual band cell or when IMSI BasedHandover is enabled in the BSC. For more information, see Dual BandNetwork Operation or IMSI-Based Handover under Feature descriptions/Radio network performance in the PDF view.

ACCH control information indicates whether the MS is capable of ACCHrepetition if Robust AMR Signalling is activated. For more information, seeRobust AMR Signalling under Feature descriptions/Radio networkperformance in the PDF view.

The other optional elements are always present.

CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACKNOWLEDGE message

The BTS acknowledges a successful activation with the CHANNELACTIVATION ACKNOWLEDGE message (b). The BTS starts thetransmission and reception on the associated SACCH, using the powerlevels and the timing advance received in the CHANNEL ACTIVATIONmessage.

Correspondingly, the BTS acknowledges a failure with the CHANNELACTIVATION NACK message. The possible causes for a failure are listedbelow. For more information, see 3GPP TS 48.058.

. radio resource not available

. radio channel already activated or allocated

. protocol error and subclause, such as mandatory information error

. O&M intervention when the channel cannot be used for O&Mreasons

. encryption algorithm not implemented

. equipment failure

. service or option not available

. not implemented unspecified

. mandatory IE error

. general IE error.

If the BSC does not receive the CHANNEL ACTIVATIONACKNOWLEDGE or CHANNEL ACTIVATION NACK message within thetime limit of the GSM timer T9103, or if it receives the CHANNELACTIVATION NACK message, it releases the allocated channel and sendsan IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT REJECT message to the MS.


FACCH Call Set-up

2.4 Immediate assignment procedure

The IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message facilitates the assignment ofthe MS onto a TCH. Correspondingly, the IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENTREJECT message facilitates the refusal of the access: if the TCHreservation or activation fails, the BSC sends the IMMEDIATEASSIGNMENT REJECT message to the MS. The GSM timer T3101supervises the immediate assignment procedure.

The figure below shows the immediate assignment procedure.

Figure 4. Immediate assignment procedure

IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMAND message

After a successful TCH activation, the BSC sends the IMMEDIATEASSIGN COMMAND message (a) to the BTS. This message contains theIMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message, which the BTS sends to the MS.

The IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMAND message includes the followingdata:

. message header

. message type

. channel number

. immediate assignment information.

The immediate assignment information contains the completeIMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message:

MS BTS BSC MSC

a)IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMAND

b)IMMEDIATE ASSIGN

SABM c)d)ESTABLISH INDICATION

e)UA

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. message header

. page mode: normal paging

. channel description of the TCH allocated, the associated SACCHand frequency or hopping sequence

. request reference as sent by the MS in the channel request

. initial timing advance

. mobile allocation if frequency hopping is used

. rest octet only for phase 2.

IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message, SABM, UA frame

After receiving the IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT message, the MS tunes tothe assigned TCH and starts to establish the signalling link across thenetwork. The MS sends the layer 2 SABM (Set Asynchronous BalancedMode) to the BTS on the TCH. The SABM (c) contains a layer 3 servicerequest message. The MS specifies to the network the required servicetype with the service request message.

The service request message contains one of the following:

1. CM SERVICE REQUEST - for mobile originating calls and for amobile originating SMS (Short Message Service) - contains:. header. CM service types. ciphering key sequence number. MS classmark 2. mobile identity.

2. PAGING RESPONSE contains:. header. ciphering key sequence number. MS classmark 2. mobile identity.

3. CM RE-ESTABLISHMENT REQUEST

4. Emergency setup.

The BTS acknowledges the SABM by sending the UA frame (e) to the MS.The MS expects this acknowledgement within time T; otherwise it acts asdescribed in 3GPP TS 44.018.


FACCH Call Set-up

ESTABLISH INDICATION message

The BTS forwards the MS service request to the BSC in the ESTABLISHINDICATION message (d), which includes the following data:

. message discriminator: radio link layer management

. message type: establishment indication

. channel number: TCH + SACCH

. link identifier: main signalling channel TCH

. L3 Information - complete L3 service request as received from theMS.

Having received the ESTABLISH INDICATION message, the BSC startsthe power control and handover algorithm.

2.5 Mode modify procedure

The mode modify procedure changes the channel mode from signalling tospeech or data. The procedure is presented in the figure below.

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Figure 5. Mode modify procedure

ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message

The MSC sends an ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message (a) to the BSC forthe assignment of channels on the A interface and the radio interface.

The BSC expects to receive the following fields in the ASSIGNMENTREQUEST message:

. message type

. channel type: speech, TCH/F or TCH/H, speech algorithm

. L3 header information

. priority (optional)

. circuit identity code indicating the channel to be used on the Ainterface

. downlink DTX flag (optional)

MS BTS BSC MSC

a)DT1(ASSIGNMENT REQUEST)

b)MODE MODIFY

c)MODE MODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE

d)DATA REQUEST(CHANNEL MODE MODIFY)

e)CHANNEL MODE MODIFY

f)CHANNEL MODE MODIFY ACK

g)DATA INDICATION(CHANNEL MODE MODIFY ACK)

h)DT1(ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE)


FACCH Call Set-up

. radio channel identity (optional)

. interference band to be used (optional).

The BSS responds to the ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message by sendingthe MSC the ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE or ASSIGNMENT FAILUREmessage. On receiving an ASSIGNMENT FAILURE message, the MSCcan either issue a CLEAR COMMAND or retry.

The MSC runs a supervisory timer for the assignment procedure: if theMSC fails to receive a response from the BSS within the defined time limit,it clears the call with a CLEAR COMMAND message. The BSS releasesthe MS connection with the channel release procedure.

If the BSC identifies any of the following situations on analysing theASSIGNMENT REQUEST message, it rejects the request by sending theASSIGNMENT FAILURE message to the MSC, without taking any actiontowards the BTS:

1. If the BSC is not able to use the A channel indicatedin the CIC (Circuit Identification Code) because it isused for another call, the BSC rejects the request withthe cause requested terrestrial circuit alreadyallocated.

2. If the BSC is not able to use the A channel indicatedin the CIC because the channel has been marked asfaulty, the BSC rejects the request with the causerequested terrestrial resource unavailable.

3. If the CIC is blocked, the BSC rejects the requestwith the cause requested terrestrial resourceunavailable. The BSC also sends a BLOCK messageto the MSC. For more information on reasons whichcan cause a circuit to be blocked by the BSC, see3GPP TS 48.008.

4. If there is no circuit pool on the A interface which isable to support the requested TCH type, the BSCrejects the request with the cause requestedtranscoding/rate adaption not available.

5. If there is a circuit pool on the A interface which isable to support the requested TCH type but the poolimplied by the CIC is totally contradictory with theTCH type requirement, the BSC rejects the requestwith the cause circuit pool mismatch.

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6. If the circuit pool implied by the CIC is at leastpartially compliant with the requested TCH type,changing the circuit pool may be required. Reasonsfor the change include the actual traffic channelresource situation of the cell and the attempt toallocate the resources in the most optimal way. In thiscase the BSC rejects the request with the causeswitch circuit pool.

7. If the requested speech coder versions are notsupported, the BSC rejects the request with thecause requested speech version unavailable.

8 If the radio interface data rate requirement is totallycontradictory with the requested TCH rate, the BSCrejects the request with the cause invalid messagecontents.

If the MSC receives an ASSIGNMENT FAILURE message with a causeindicating a CIC problem, the MSC may choose to send anotherASSIGNMENT REQUEST for the same call using a different circuit.

MODE MODIFY message

If the ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message is valid, the BSC proceeds toperform the mode modify procedure.

The BSC first sends the MODE MODIFY message (b) to the BTS tochange the channel mode from signalling to speech or data. At this pointthe BSC connects the Abis channel to the A channel and the speech pathis switched through.

Synchronization with the transcoder starts as described in 3GPP TS44.018.

The MODE MODIFY message includes the following data:

. message discriminator: dedicated channel management

. message type: mode modify

. channel number

. channel mode: DTX control and channel type (speech, TCH/F orTCH/H, speech algorithm)


FACCH Call Set-up

When the BSC receives the MODE MODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE message(c) as a response from the BTS, it starts to change the MS channel mode.If the BSC fails to receive the MODE MODIFYACKNOWLEDGE messagewithin the defined time limit, or the message does not contain all theinformation expected, the BSC returns an ASSIGNMENT FAILUREmessage to the MSC with the cause equipment failure. The MSC eitheraborts with a CLEAR COMMAND message or retries.

If the BSC receives the MODE MODIFY NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGEmessage from the BTS, the BSC sends an ASSIGNMENT FAILUREmessage to the MSC either with the cause equipment failure or requestedtranscoding or rate adaption unavailable. The cause value is mapped fromthe cause value received in the MODE MODIFY NEGATIVEACKNOWLEDGE message. The MSC either aborts with a CLEARCOMMAND message or retries.

CHANNEL MODE MODIFY message

After receiving the MODE MODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE message from theBTS, the BSC sends the CHANNEL MODE MODIFY message to the MSand starts a timer. The CHANNEL MODE MODIFY message (e) istransparent to the BTS and is transferred as the DATA REQUESTmessage (d) over the Abis interface.

The CHANNEL MODE MODIFY message includes all the informationnecessary for the MS to change the channel mode from signalling tospeech or data. The message consists of the following:

. header

. channel description

. channel mode: speech full rate, speech half rate or data full rate.

On receiving the CHANNEL MODE MODIFY message over the radiointerface, the MS changes the channel mode and acknowledges this bysending the CHANNEL MODE MODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE message (f) tothe BSC. This message is transparent to the BTS and is transferred overthe Abis as a DATA INDICATION message (g).

The BSC checks the channel mode element of the CHANNEL MODEMODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE message. The procedure has failed if the oldchannel mode is returned instead of the one that was ordered. If theordered channel mode is returned, the BSC sends the ASSIGNMENTCOMPLETE message (h) to inform the MSC of the successful completionof the mode modify procedure. See 3GPP TS 44.018 for more details.

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If the timer used to supervise the receival of the CHANNEL MODEMODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE message expires, the BSC returns anASSIGNMENT FAILURE message to the MSC with the cause radiointerface message failure. The MSC either aborts or retries.


FACCH Call Set-up

3 User interface of FACCH Call Set-up

You can set the FACCH Call Set-up for each BSC via the man-machineinterface (MMI).

Similarly with the MMI, you can set the New Establishment CausesSupport (NECI) field on or off for an individual cell. The field allows theMSs to use the new establishment cause values: when an MS requests fora channel, the request can include more accurate information about theestablishment cause and channel type needed for the requested service.

The following calls and channel types are possible:

. emergency call (SDCCH or TCH/F)

. call re-establishment (SDCCH, TCH/F or TCH/H)

. answer to paging (SDCCH, TCH/F or TCH/H)

. answer to paging (SDCCH, dual rate)

. mobile originating speech/data call (SDCCH, TCH/F or TCH/H)

. location updating (SDCCH)

. other procedures on SDCCH.

The following channel request values can be set in FACCH call set-up:

. emergency call

. answer to paging

. ordinary call

. re-establishment.

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User interface of FACCH Call Set-up

The channel request values in the NECI field also include an indication ofthe suggested rate, such as the half rate support for the call. The BSC willallocate a suitable resource for a transaction according to the SDCCH orthe TCH. For more details, see Half Rate in BSC under Featuredescriptions/Radio network performance in the PDF view.

Parameters

The parameters used in connection with FACCH Call Set-up are describedbelow:

. FACCH_CALL_SET_UP: with this parameter you can activate ordeactivate FACCH Call Set-up. The parameter can be input from theParameter Handling MML or Nokia NetAct.

For more details, see PRFILE and FIFILE Parameter List underReference/Parameters in the PDF view

. new establishment causes support (NECI): with thisparameter you can set the value of the NECI field. This parametercan be operated via the Base Transceiver Station Handling MML.

For more details, see Radio Network Configuration Managementunder Functional descriptions/Operability in the PDF view and BSSRadio Network Parameter Dictionary under Reference/Parametersin the PDF view.

. enable emergency call on FACCH: with this parameter you canactivate or deactivate an emergency call to use FACCH Call Set-up.This parameter can be found in the radio network database and itcan be operated via the Base Station Controller Parameter HandlingMML or Nokia NetAct.

. enable call re-establishment on FACCH: with this parameteryou can activate or deactivate call re-establishment to use FACCHCall Set-up. This parameter can be found in the radio networkdatabase and it can be operated via the Base Station ControllerParameter Handling MML or Nokia NetAct.

. enable ordinary calls on FACCH: with this parameter you canactivate or deactivate a mobile originating call to use FACCH CallSet-up. This parameter can be found in the radio network databaseand it can be operated via the Base Station Controller ParameterHandling MML or Nokia NetAct.

. enable answer to paging call on FACCH: with this parameteryou can activate or deactivate the mobile terminated call to useFACCH Call Set-up. This parameter can be found in the radionetwork database and it can be operated via the Base StationController Parameter Handling MML or Nokia NetAct.


FACCH Call Set-up

For more details on parameters enable emergency call on FACCH,enable call re-establishment on FACCH, enable ordinarycalls on FACCH and enable answer to paging call on FACCH, seeBSS Radio Network Parameter Dictionary under Reference/Parameters inthe PDF view and Base Station Controller Handling in MSC in MSC/HLRProduct Documentation.

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User interface of FACCH Call Set-up

Facch Call Set-up

Documents

gsm timer

mobile originating

mode modify

clear command

emergency

assignment

nokia siemens

facch call