Eye and face protection-Sunglasses and fashion spectacles ... · Specifies minimum requirements for sunglasses, fashion spectacles and replacement filters that are nominally afocal

102649 ASNZS1067.1 Working Draft - 11/08/2016 17:07:27

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Eye and face protection—Sunglasses and fashion spectacles

Part Title: Requirements Designation: AS/NZS 1067.1:201X Part Number: 1 Supersedes Standard No: AS/NZS 1067:2003 "Known-as" Title: AustralianORJoint: Australian/New Zealand Creation Date: 2015-08-26 Revision Date: 2016-07-14 Issue Date: August 2016 Committee Number: CS-053 Committee Title: Sunglasses Subcommittee Number: Subcommittee Title: Project Manager: Olga Pitt PMs Email Address: [email protected] Shadow Project Manager: Shadow PM’s Email Address: WP Operator: Cotter/Chu/Liu/Chu/MURPHYA Project Office ID Number: 102649 Combined Procedure?: No Committee Doc No.: Supersedes Committee Doc No.: Stage: 2nd Ballot Committee Reps: Australian Competition and Consumer Commission

Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency Cancer Society of New Zealand Consumer and Business Services South Australia Consumers Federation of Australia New Zealand Association of Optometrists New Zealand Optical Wholesalers Association NSW Fair Trading Optical Distributors and Manufacturers Association of Australia Optometrists Association Australia Queensland University of Technology Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists Sunglass Association of Australia The Lions Eye Institute University of Auckland, New Zealand University of New South Wales

Additional Interests: Product Type JS Publication Type Revision Pathway Standards Sector 9 Consumer Products Service and Safety


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Public Enquiry DR Number: DR AS/NZS 1067.1:2015 Publication Date Close of Comment Date Synopsis PublicComment

Final Publication Date Approved: 21 July 2016 Date Approved by SNZ Final Publication Date: ISBN: 978 0 7337 ICS Code: Synopsis Publication Specifies minimum requirements for sunglasses, fashion spectacles and

replacement filters that are nominally afocal (plano power)—excluding prescription filters—providing protection against solar radiation for general use including road use and driving.

History: Originated in Australia as part of AS 1067—1971. Previous and first New Zealand edition part of AS/NZS 1067:2003 AS 1067.1—1990 and AS 1067.2—1990 jointly revised, amalgamated Revised in part and redesignated as AS/NZS 1067.1:201X.

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PREFACE This Standard was prepared by Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee CS-053, Sunglasses, to supersede, in part, AS/NZS 1067:2003, Sunglasses and fashion spectacles.

The objective of this Standard is to specify minimum requirements for sunglasses, fashion spectacles and replacement filters that are nominally afocal (plano power)—excluding prescription filters—providing protection against solar radiation for general use including road use and driving.

This revision aligns its requirements closely to those of ISO 12312-1:2013, Eye and face protection—Sunglasses and related eyewear, Part 1: Sunglasses for general use. Test methods referred to in this Standard are now located in AS/NZS 1067.2, Eye and face protection—Sunglasses and fashion spectacles, Part 2: Test methods, which is an identical adoption of ISO 12311:2013, Personal protective equipment—Test methods for sunglasses and related eyewear.

This Standard specifies some requirements different from ISO 12312-1 in order to avoid lowering the standards set by its previous editions [including AS 1067, Parts 1 and 2 (1990)] and thereby reducing the level of protection provided. This recognizes the special circumstances of this region, especially the severity of its climatic conditions.

The terms ‘normative’ and ‘informative’ have been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendices to which they apply. A ‘normative’ appendix is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an ‘informative’ appendix is only for information and guidance.



CONTENTS

Page 1 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................ 4 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES ................................................................................... 4 3 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................ 5 4 CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS ...................................................................... 6 5 TRANSMITTANCE ................................................................................................... 6 6 REFRACTIVE POWER ............................................................................................ 10 7 ROBUSTNESS ......................................................................................................... 11 8 RESISTANCE TO SOLAR RADIATION ................................................................ 12 9 RESISTANCE TO IGNITION .................................................................................. 13 10 RESISTANCE TO ABRASION (OPTIONAL SPECIFICATION) ........................... 13 11 PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................... 13 12 INFORMATION AND LABELLING ....................................................................... 14 13 SELECTION OF TEST SAMPLES .......................................................................... 17 14 TESTING .................................................................................................................. 17

APPENDICES A USE OF SUNGLASS FILTERS ................................................................................ 21 B UNMOUNTED FILTERS USED AS REPLACEMENT OR

ALTERNATIVE FILTERS ....................................................................................... 23 C DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE STANDARDS AS/NZS 1067.1,

AS/NZS 1067:2003 AND ISO 12312-1 ..................................................................... 26

BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................................... 31



STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND

Australian/New Zealand Standard Eye and face protection—Sunglasses and fashion spectacles

Part 1: Requirements

1 SCOPE

This Standard specifies minimum requirements for sunglasses, fashion spectacles and replacement filters that are nominally afocal (plano power) providing protection against solar radiation for general use including road use and driving.

NOTE: Information on the use of sunglass filters is provided in Appendix A.

This Standard applies to the following:

(a) Spectacles comprising nominally afocal (plano power) filters mounted in a spectacle frame.

(b) Individual nominally afocal (plano power) filters intended for use in sunglasses.

(c) Rimless sunshields and one-piece visors.

(d) Clip-on and slip-on type sunglasses.

(e) Children’s sunglasses.

(f) Fashion spectacles/light tint sunglasses.

Where the word ‘sunglasses’ is used in this Standard, this is taken to mean ‘sunglasses and fashion spectacles’.

This Standard does not apply to the following:

(i) Prescription and readymade spectacles. NOTE: AS/NZS ISO 21987 applies to prescription lenses and AS/NZS ISO 16034 applies to ready-made reading spectacles.

(ii) Safety glasses and safety goggles intended to provide protection against optical radiation other than from the sun. NOTE: AS/NZS 1337.1, AS/NZS 1337.4, AS/NZS 1337.5, AS/NZS 1338.1, AS/NZS 1338.2 and AS/NZS 1338.3 apply to safety glasses and safety goggles.

(iii) Eyewear for protection against radiation in solaria. NOTE: AS/NZS 2635 applies to these filters.

(iv) Eye protectors for sport that comply with the applicable sports eye protection Standard. NOTE: AS/NZS 4066 applies to eye protection for racquet sports.

(v) Sunglasses for use as toys that are clearly and legibly labelled as toys.

2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES

The following are the normative documents referred to in this Standard: NOTE: Documents referenced for informative purposes are listed in the Bibliography.

AS/NZS 1067 Eye and face protection—Sunglasses and fashion spectacles 1067.2 Part 2: Test methods



AS/NZS 1337 Personal eye protection 1337.0 Part 0: Eye and face protection—Vocabulary (ISO 4007:2002, MOD)

AS/NZS ISO 8980 Ophthalmic optics—Uncut finished spectacle lenses 8980-4 Part 4: Specifications and test methods for anti-reflective coatings 8980-5 Part 5: Minimum requirements for spectacle lens surfaces claimed to be

abrasion-resistant

3 DEFINITIONS

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in AS/NZS 1337.0 and the following apply.

3.1 Fashion spectacles

Lightly tinted sunglasses (category 0 or 1) often worn more for reasons of fashion.

3.2 Related eyewear

Eyewear intended for protection in the same wavelength range as solar radiation but not necessarily originated by natural sunlight.

NOTE: This term is used in ISO 12312-1; it is not used in this Standard. The definition is included for the purposes of alignment with ISO 12312-1.

3.3 Trained observer

A person appropriately trained for the task concerned with a binocular visual acuity without magnification and wearing the appropriate correction for near vision of 1.0 (6/6) or better at the observation distance of the task.

3.4 Solar UVA transmittance

τSUVA normalized value of the spectral transmittance averaged between 315 nm and 400 nm, weighted by the solar spectral power distribution, Es (λ), at sea level for air mass 2 and the relative spectral effectiveness function for UV radiation, S(λ).

NOTES: 1 This is usually expressed as a percentage and is calculated from the following equation:

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

400

s315SUVA 400

s315

d100

d

E S

E S

τ λ λ λ λτ

λ λ λ= × ∫

∫

( ) ( )

( )

400

315400

315

d100

d

W

W

τ λ λ λ

λ λ= × ∫

∫

where

λ is the wavelength of the UV radiation in nanometres. 2 The complete weighting function is the product of Es(λ) and S(λ): W(λ) = Es(λ). The

weighting functions are given in Table A.1 of AS/NZS 1337.0 (as amended in Appendix ZZ).

3.5 Ultraviolet

Where the definitions of ultraviolet in AS/NZS 1337.0:2014 (including varaiations detailed in Appendix ZZ) specify the option to use 380 nm or 400 nm as the long wavelength limit



of ultraviolet (UV) and ultraviolet A (UV-A), for the purposes of this Standard, the limit of 400 nm applies.

4 CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS

4.1 Construction

When tested in accordance with AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 6, areas of the sunglass and frame that may come into contact with the wearer during intended use shall be smooth and without sharp projections.

4.2 Filter material and surface quality

When tested in accordance with AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 6.2, within an area of 28 mm diameter around the reference point, excluding the marginal area of the filter 5 mm wide, sunglass filters shall have no material or machining defects that might impair vision, e.g. bubbles, scratches, inclusions, dull spots, pitting, mould marks, notches, reinforced areas, specks, beads, water specks, pocking, gas inclusions, splintering, cracks, polishing defects or undulations.

4.3 Physiological compatibility

Sunglasses shall be designed and manufactured in such a way that when used under the conditions and for the purposes intended, they will not compromise the health and safety of the wearer. The risks posed by substances leaking or leaching from the device that may come into prolonged contact with the skin shall be reduced by the manufacturer to below any regulatory limit. Special attention shall be given to substances that are allergenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic.

NOTE: Reactions may be generated by excessive pressure due to a poor fit on the face, chemical irritation or allergy. Rare or idiosyncratic reactions may occur to any material and may indicate the need for the individual to avoid particular types of frames.

5 TRANSMITTANCE

5.1 Test methods

Transmittance values shall be determined in accordance with AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 7.

5.2 Transmittance and filter categories

Sunglass filters for general use shall be assigned one of the five filter categories based on the luminous transmittance at their reference point.

The range of the luminous transmittance of these five categories is given by the values in Table 1. An overlap of the transmittance values shall be not more than ±2% (absolute) between the categories 0, 1, 2 and 3. There is no overlap in transmittance values between categories 3 and 4.

The maximum deviation for declared luminous transmittance value shall be ±3% absolute for the transmittance values falling in categories 0 to 3, and ±30% relative to the stated value for the transmittance values falling in category 4.

When describing the transmittance properties of photochromic filters, two categories for transmittance values are generally used. These two values correspond to the faded state and to the darkened state of the filter.

In the case of gradient filters, the transmittance value at the reference point shall be used to characterize the luminous transmittance and the category of the filter.

For gradient filters, the overlap in luminous transmittance allowed between categories shall be double that for uniformly tinted filters.



Table 1 also specifies the UV requirements for sunglass filters for general use and, when the filters are claimed by the manufacturer to protect against IR radiation, the IR requirements.

TABLE 1

TRANSMITTANCE FOR SUNGLASS FILTERS FOR GENERAL USE

Consumer label

Technical label Requirements

Descriptive label

Filter category

Maximum value of solar UV-B transmittance

Maximum value of mean transmittance

in the range

Visible spectral

range

Enhanced infrared

absorption (see Note)

Range of luminous

transmittance

Maximum value of solar IR

transmittance

τSUVB 280 nm to 315 nm

τSUVA 315 nm to 400 nm

τv 380 nm to

780 nm

τSIR 780 nm to 2000 nm

Light tint sunglasses 0

0.05τV

τv τv > 80%

τv

Fashion spectacles 1 43% < τv ≤ 80%

General purpose sunglasses

2 0.5τv

18% < τv ≤ 43%

3 8% < τv ≤ 18%

Very dark special purpose sunglasses

4 1.0% absolute or 0.25τv,

whichever is greater

3% < τv ≤ 8%

NOTE: Only applicable to sunglass filters recommended by the manufacturer as a protection against infrared radiation.

5.3 General transmittance requirements

5.3.1 Uniformity of luminous transmittance

The relative difference in the luminous transmittance value between any two corresponding points of the filter within a circle 28 mm in diameter around the reference point or to the edge of the filter less the marginal zone 5 mm wide, whichever is less, shall not be greater than 10% (relative to the higher value), except for category 4 where it shall not be greater than 20%. Where the reference point is not known, the geometric or boxed centre shall be used.

In the case of mounted gradient filters, this requirement shall be limited to sections parallel to the line connecting the two reference points.

For mounted filters, the relative difference between the luminous transmittance value of the filters at the reference point for the right and left eyes shall not exceed 15% (relative to the lighter filter).

Changes of luminous transmittance that are caused by thickness variations due to the design of the filter are permitted. For verification, the test method in AS/NZS 1067.2, Appendix L shall be used.

5.3.2 Requirements for road use and driving

5.3.2.1 General

Filters suitable for road use and driving shall be of categories 0, 1, 2 or 3 and shall additionally meet the requirements cited in Clauses 5.3.2.2, 5.3.2.3 and 5.3.2.4.



5.3.2.2 Spectral transmittance

For wavelengths between 475 nm and 650 nm, the spectral transmittance of filters suitable for road use and driving shall be not less than 0.20 τv.

5.3.2.3 Detection of signal lights

The relative visual attenuation quotient Q of filters of categories 0, 1, 2 and 3 suitable for road use and driving shall be not less than 0.80 for red signal light, not less than 0.70 for blue signal light, not less than 0.60 for yellow and green signal lights. The relative spectral distribution of radiation emitted by incandescent signal lights shall apply in accordance with AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 7.8.

5.3.2.4 Driving in twilight or at night

Sunglass filters of category 1–3 shall be labelled to warn against being used for road use and driving in twilight or at night.

In the case of photochromic sunglass filters, this requirement applies unless the lenses reach category 0 in the dark when tested in accordance with AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 7.11.

5.3.3 Wide angle scattering

When tested in accordance with AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 7.9, at the reference point, the wide angle scattering of the filters in the condition as supplied by the manufacturer shall not exceed the value of 3%.

5.3.4 Additional transmittance requirements for specific filter types

5.3.4.1 Photochromic filters

The categories of the photochromic filter shall be determined by its luminous transmittance in its faded state τv0 and its luminous transmittance in its darkened state τv1 achieved after 15 min irradiation according to AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 7.11. In both states, the requirements specified in Clauses 5.2 and 5.3.2 shall be met. For photochromic filters, τv0/τv1 shall be ≥1.25.

5.3.4.2 Polarizing filters

If the filters in the sunglasses are claimed to be polarizing, when tested in accordance with AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 7.10.1, the filters shall be fitted in the frame so that their planes of transmission do not deviate from the vertical by more than ±5°. Additionally, any misalignment between the planes of transmission of the left and right filters shall not be greater than 6°.

In the case of clip-ons, the misalignment shall be tested in the position assumed to be taken when mounted on a spectacle.

When tested in accordance with AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 7.10.2, the polarization efficiency shall be >78% for filter categories 2, 3, 4 and >60% for filter category 1. Filters of category 0 do not have any useful polarizing effect.

NOTE: These values are equivalent to ratios of the transmittance values parallel and perpendicular to the plane of transmission of approximately 8:1 and 4:1 respectively.

5.3.4.3 Gradient filters

5.3.4.3.1 General

Gradient filters shall meet the transmittance requirements anywhere within a 10 mm radius circle around the reference point.

Uniformity of transmission is subject to the requirements of Clause 5.3.1.



5.3.4.3.2 Determination of the filter category

The filter category of gradient filters shall be determined by the luminous transmittance value at the reference point.

The filter category determined at the reference point shall be used to define whether the filters are suitable for road use and driving according to Clause 5.3.2.

5.3.5 Claimed transmittance properties

5.3.5.1 Blue-light absorption/transmittance

5.3.5.1.1 Blue-light absorption

In the case where it is claimed that a filter has x% blue-light absorption, the solar blue-light transmittance, τsb, of the filter shall not exceed 100.5 − x%.

5.3.5.1.2 Blue-light transmittance

In the case where it is claimed that a filter has less than x% blue-light transmittance, the solar blue-light transmittance, τsb, of the filter shall not exceed x + 0.5%.

5.3.5.2 UV absorption/transmittance

Calculations of τSUV and τSUVB shall be made with the upper wavelength limit of 400 nm.

5.3.5.2.1 General

Requirements for the transmittance of filters for sunglasses in the UV-A and UV-B shall be as given in Table 1. In cases where it is claimed that a product reaches a certain percentage of UV absorption or UV transmittance, the relevant requirement(s) of Clause 5.3.5.2 shall apply.

5.3.5.2.2 Solar UV absorption

In the case where it is claimed that a filter has x% UV absorption, the solar UV transmittance of the filter τSUV shall not exceed 100.5 − x%.

5.3.5.2.3 Solar UV transmittance

In the case where it is claimed that a filter has less than x% UV transmittance, the solar UV transmittance of the filter τSUV shall not exceed x + 0.5%.

5.3.5.2.4 Solar UV-A absorption

In the case where it is claimed that a filter has x% UV-A absorption, the solar UV-A transmittance of the filter τSUVA shall not exceed 100.5 − x%.

5.3.5.2.5 Solar UV-A transmittance

In the case where it is claimed that a filter has less than x% UV-A transmittance, the solar UV-A transmittance of the filter τSUVA shall not exceed x + 0.5%.

5.3.5.2.6 Solar UV-B absorption

In the case where it is claimed that a filter has x% UV-B absorption, the solar UV-B transmittance of the filter τSUVB shall not exceed 100.5 − x%.

5.3.5.2.7 Solar UV-B transmittance

In the case where it is claimed that a filter has less than x% UV-B transmittance, the solar UV-B transmittance of the filter τSUVB shall not exceed x + 0.5%.

5.3.5.2.8 UV400 (or other nominated wavelength)

In the case where it is claimed that a filter is UV400 (or other nominated wavelength less than 400 nm), the spectral transmittance at 400 nm (or at the nominated wavelength) and all shorter wavelengths shall be no more than 5.0% for wavelengths in the range 190 nm to ≤400 nm (or other nominated wavelength ≤400 nm).



Claims using the ‘UV’ prefix, for example UV450, implying that filters have cut off wavelengths greater than 400 nm, shall not be made.

5.3.5.3 Antireflective coated sunglasses

In the case where sunglasses are claimed to be antireflective coated, when tested in accordance with ISO 8980-4, the luminous reflectance ρv of the filter as measured from the eye-side of the filter shall be less than 2.5%.

5.3.5.4 Enhanced infrared absorption

Sunglass filters for which enhanced infrared absorption is claimed shall meet the requirements as given in column 6 of Table 1.

6 REFRACTIVE POWER

6.1 Spherical and astigmatic power

The requirements apply in the ‘as-worn’ position and the sunglasses shall be tested according to AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 8.1.

The spherical power and astigmatic power shall not exceed the tolerances given in Table 2, where D1 and D2 are the powers in the two principal meridians of the filter.

TABLE 2

SPHERICAL AND ASTIGMATIC POWER

Spherical power Astigmatic power

Mean value of the optical power values (D1, D2) in the two principal meridians

Absolute difference between the optical power values (D1, D2) in the two principal meridians

(D1 + D2)/2 dioptres ID1 − D2I dioptres

±0.12 ±0.09

The difference between the spherical powers of the right and the left filters in the mounted state shall not exceed 0.18 dioptres.

6.2 Local variations in refractive power

If during the measurements using the telescope a doubling or other aberration of the image is observed then the filters shall be tested at the reference point according to AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 8.3. The local values shall comply with the limit listed in Table 2. The measurement shall be made with a 5 mm aperture within a 20 mm circle centred on the reference point.

6.3 Prism imbalance (relative prism error)

The complete sunglass shall be tested in the ‘as-worn’ position according to AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 8.2. For adults’ sunglasses, use the diaphragm LB2 with Xb = 32.0 ±0.2 mm.

For children’s sunglasses, use the diaphragm LB2 with Xb = 27.0 ±0.2 mm.

Alternatively, a diaphragm with a different Xb may be used if specified by the manufacturer.

The prismatic power difference shall not exceed the values in Table 3.



TABLE 3

PRISM IMBALANCE

Horizontal Vertical

Base out prism dioptres

Base in prism dioptres

Prism dioptres

1.00 0.25 0.25

7 ROBUSTNESS

7.1 General

All sunglasses shall meet the requirements of Clauses 7.2 and 7.3 for robustness. If an increased endurance is claimed, sunglasses shall additionally meet the requirements of Clause 7.4. Similarly, if resistance to perspiration is claimed, sunglasses shall meet the additional requirements of Clause 7.5. If an increased level of impact resistance strength is claimed, sunglasses shall meet the requirements of Clause 7.6.

7.2 Frame deformation and retention of filters

When tested in accordance with AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 9.6, the frame fitted with filters shall not—

(a) fracture or crack at any point;

(b) be permanently deformed from its original configuration by more than 2% of the distance, c, between the boxed centres of the sunglass frame, that is the residual deformation x shall not exceed 0.02c (see in AS/NZS 1067.2, Figure 18); and

(c) neither filter shall be displaced from the frame.

7.3 Robustness and filter retention

When tested in accordance with AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 9.3, the filter mounting shall hold the filters firmly and securely in position and the filter shall not fracture. A filter is considered to have fractured when—

(a) it cracks through its entire thickness and across a complete diameter into two or more separate pieces; or

(b) a trained observer can see, when viewing without magnification but wearing the appropriate correction, if any, for near vision, either a piece of material that has become detached from the filter surface or a corresponding surface defect; or

(c) the test ball passes through the filter.

This requirement also applies to the filter portions of complete sunglasses where the frame and the filters are integral parts of each other.

7.4 Increased endurance of sunglasses (optional specification)

When an increased endurance is claimed, the sunglasses shall be tested according to AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 9.7.

When tested, the sunglasses shall not—

(a) fracture at any point;

(b) be permanently deformed (the sunglasses are considered to be permanently deformed if the original distance between the sides at the measuring points have changed by more than 5 mm after 500 cycles);

(c) require more than light finger pressure to open and close the sides (except for sunglasses with frames fitted with sprung joints); or



(d) have a side that closes under its own weight at any point in the opening/closing cycle (for sunglasses with frames that are not fitted with sprung joints); or for sides fitted with a sprung joint, the side shall still support its weight in the open position (i.e. opened to the fullest natural extent without activating the spring mechanism).

7.5 Resistance to perspiration (optional specification)

When the sunglass frame is tested in accordance with AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 9.10, there shall be—

(a) no spotting or colour change (excluding a loss of gloss to the surface) anywhere on the frame, excluding joints and screws, after testing for 8 h; and

(b) no corrosion, surface degradation or separation of any coating layer on the parts liable to come into prolonged contact with the skin during wear, i.e. the insides of the sides, bottom and lower parts of the rim and the inside of the bridge, after testing for a total of 24 h.

Such defects shall be visible under the inspection conditions described in AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 6.2.

If the sunglass frame is made from natural materials and the manufacturer recommends a cream or wax for its maintenance, then before testing, the frame(s) shall be prepared with this cream or wax according to the manufacturer’s instructions. At the end of the test when the frame is checked for colour change or surface degradation, if the frame fails this requirement, use the cream or wax and wait for one day before checking again for colour change or surface degradation. If the frame has recovered its original appearance, the sunglass frame is considered to have passed the test while if the frame remains discoloured, the frame is considered to have failed the test.

7.6 Impact resistance of the filter (optional specification)

If an increased level of impact resistance strength is claimed, when tested as specified in AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 9.5 (strength level 3), the lens mounting shall hold the filters firmly and securely in position and the filter shall not fracture.

A filter is considered to have fractured when—


(b) a trained observer can see, when viewing without magnification but wearing the appropriate correction, if any, for near vision, either a piece of material that has become detached from the filter surface or a corresponding surface defect; or

(c) if applicable, the test ball passes through the filter (applicable to Clauses 7.3 and 7.5, but not 7.1 of this Standard).

NOTE: The maximum level of impact strength that can be claimed is 3.

This requirement also applies to the filter portions of complete sunglasses where the frame and the filters are integral parts of each other.

8 RESISTANCE TO SOLAR RADIATION

Following irradiation as specified in AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 9.8, the relative change in the luminous transmittance of the filters referred to the initial τv (for photochromic filters, in the faded state when tested according to the method described in AS/NZS 1067.2) shall be less than or equal to the values shown in Table 4.



TABLE 4

RELATIVE CHANGE IN THE LUMINOUS TRANSMITTANCE

Filter category

Relative change in the luminous transmittance

( )v v v/ ' /v vτ τ τ τ τ∆ = −

(expressed as a percentage)

0 ±3%

1 ±5%

2 ±8%

3 ±10%

4 ±10%

NOTE: v 'τ is the luminous transmittance after irradiation.

In addition, the following shall be met:

(a) The wide angle scattering shall not exceed the value of 3%.

(b) For photochromic filters, τ0/τ1 shall be ≥1.25.

(c) The UV requirements for the initial τv shall continue to be satisfied.

(d) All claimed transmittance requirements shall be met.

9 RESISTANCE TO IGNITION

When sunglasses are tested in accordance with AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 9.9, they shall not ignite or continue to glow after withdrawal of the test rod.

10 RESISTANCE TO ABRASION (OPTIONAL SPECIFICATION)

Filters or filter surfaces that are claimed to provide a basic level of abrasion resistance shall meet the requirements of ISO 8980-5.

A filter that is claimed to be abrasion resistant shall meet the requirement on both surfaces. If only one surface is claimed to be abrasion resistant, it shall be specified on the information that is supplied with the product.

The surface form of the filter is restricted for testing; however, test results are applicable to claims for filters and filter surfaces with identical properties other than the surface radius.

NOTE: This Standard does not attempt to define the properties of filter surfaces with abrasion resistance superior to the basic level.

11 PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS

11.1 Coverage area

The sunglasses shall cover two ellipses with a horizontal diameter of 40 mm and a vertical diameter of 28 mm, the centres of which are separated by 64 mm and symmetrically placed on either side of the centre of the bridge of the frame, i.e. its vertical symmetry axis.

For sunglasses intended to be worn by children, the sunglasses shall cover two ellipses with a horizontal diameter of 34 mm and a vertical diameter of 24 mm, the centres of which are separated by 54 mm and symmetrically placed on either side of the centre of the bridge of the frame.

A different inter-pupillary distance may be used if specified by the manufacturer.



11.2 Temporal protective requirements

Very dark special purpose sunglasses (filter category 4) shall provide temporal shielding such that the ultraviolet and visible transmittances of the sunglass frame and side are not greater than their values at the visual point at the following locations (see Figure 1):

(a) In the line of intersection of the frontal plane (tangent to the apex of the cornea) with the inner surface of the sunglass structure, to elevations of 11 mm (9 mm for children’s sunglasses) above and below the horizontal plane through the reference point.

(b) In a vertical line in the inner structure of the sunglass that is 30° back from the frontal plane and relative to the apex of the cornea, and to elevations of 6 mm (5 mm for children’s sunglasses) above and below the horizontal plane through the reference point.

FIGURE 1 REQUIRED EYE COVERAGE FOR CATEGORY 4 SUNGLASSES

12 INFORMATION AND LABELLING

12.1 Information to be supplied with each pair of sunglasses

The manufacturer shall provide information for the user with each pair of sunglasses. The information required shall be supplied in the form of an indelible marking on the sunglass frame, a removable label affixed to the lens, a removable label securely attached or tied to the frame, the packaging that accompanies the sunglasses at the point of supply or sale or any combination of these means. Where pictograms are used, an explanation of the significance of these pictograms shall also be available.

NOTE: National regulations with respect to the content of the user information should be observed.

The user information shall contain the following items:

(a) Identification of model.

(b) Name and address of the manufacturer/supplier.

(c) Reference to this Standard. i.e. AS/NZS 1067.1.

(d) Type of filter, if photochromic and/or polarizing.



(e) Number of the filter category (in both the faded and darkened states for photochromic filters) marked preferably on the frame or on the filter.

(f) Description of the filter category in the form of the category number, description and usage, as given in Table 5. Use of the pictograms is optional. If used, the minimum height of the symbols shall be 5 mm.

(g) Restrictions of use, which shall include at least the following:

(i) Not for direct observation of the sun.

(ii) Not for protection against artificial light sources, e.g. solaria.

(iii) Not for use as eye protection against mechanical impact hazards (for products not satisfying the requirements of Clause 7.5).

(iv) Any other restrictions deemed appropriate to be communicated by the manufacturer, e.g. increased or decreased transmittance of photochromic glasses due to high or low temperatures or to low light conditions.

(h) When the filter does not meet the necessary requirements for driving and for filter category 4, the following warning, ‘NOT SUITABLE FOR DRIVING AND ROAD USE’ and either of the symbols shown in Figure 2. The minimum height of the symbol shall be 5 mm.

(i) When the filter is Category 1 to 3 the following warning, ‘NOT SUITABLE FOR DRIVING IN TWILIGHT OR AT NIGHT’ or ‘NOT SUITABLE FOR DRIVING AT NIGHT OR UNDER CONDITIONS OF DULL LIGHT’. The same warning applies to photochromic filters for which the luminous transmittance in the faded conditions is Category 1 to 3.

NOTE: Instructions for care and cleaning should be included where use of inappropriate cleaning products could damage the sunglasses. A list of damaging products not suitable for cleaning should also be included.

FIGURE 2 SYMBOL—‘NOT SUITABLE FOR DRIVING AND ROAD USE’



TABLE 5

DESCRIPTION OF FILTER CATEGORIES AND ASSIGNED SYMBOLS

Filter category Description Usage Additional required

information Optional symbol

0

Light tint sunglasses or fashion spectacles

Very limited reduction of sunglare

Some UV protection

1 Limited protection against sunglare

Some UV protection

Not suitable for driving in twilight or at night; or not suitable for driving at night or under dull light conditions

2

General purpose sunglasses

Good protection against sunglare

Good UV protection

3 High protection against sunglare

Good UV protection

4 Very dark special purpose sunglasses—very high sunglare reduction

Very high protection against extreme sunglare, e.g. at sea, over snowfields, on high mountains, or in desert

Good UV protection

Not suitable for road use and driving

One of the symbols in Figure 2

12.2 Additional information

The following information shall be available from the manufacturer on request:

(a) An explanation of the trademarks that are not universally recognized or foreseen by the users of this Standard.

(b) The position of the reference point when different from the one defined in this Standard.

(c) The country of origin (e.g. ‘made in .................. ’).

(d) The nominal value of luminous transmittance.

(e) Transmission requirements applicable to this product.



(f) Polarization efficiency in cases of polarizing filters.

(g) The base material of filters and frame.

12.3 Methods of marking and labelling

12.3.1 Form of labelling

The information required shall be supplied in the form of an indelible marking on the sunglass frame, a removable label affixed to the lens, a removable label securely attached or tied to the frame, the packaging that accompanies the sunglasses at the point of supply or sale, or any combination of these means.

12.3.2 Durability

The method of labelling shall be such that it is not easily removed or lost when the sunglasses are tried on by prospective purchasers.

12.3.3 Legibility

The information shall be clearly legible and unobscured by other stickers and labels such as price labels.

13 SELECTION OF TEST SAMPLES

13.1 General

At least four samples (6 samples if the nickel release test was performed) are required for testing.

Samples shall be selected at random. The specimens shall be identified as reported in Table 6, and shall be conditioned as described in Clause 13.2 before testing.

NOTE: When compliance to this Standard is claimed, the manufacturer or its representative should ensure that compliance of the product with this Standard is valid during the lifetime of manufacture and not only at its first launch on the market.

13.2 Preparation and conditioning of test samples

Immediately before starting the series of tests, the test samples shall be conditioned for at least 4 h at an ambient temperature of 23 ±5°C, in the as-received condition from the manufacturer or supplier, without prior realignment, adjustment or lubrication.

14 TESTING

14.1 Testing schedule for complete sunglasses

Type testing of complete sunglasses with the same filter type shall be carried out in accordance with the testing schedule in Table 6.

14.2 Testing of unmounted filters

Type testing of unmounted filters used as replacement or alternative filters shall be carried out in accordance Appendix B and the testing schedule in Table 7.

14.3 Testing schedule of complete clip-ons

Type testing of complete clip-ons shall be carried out in accordance with the testing schedule in Table 8.



TABLE 6

TESTING SCHEDULE FOR COMPLETE SUNGLASSES

Order of testing Requirements According

to Clause Sunglass number

1 2 3 4 5 to 6 7 to 8

1 Construction 4.1 + — — — — —

2 Filter material and surface quality

4.2 + — — — — —

3 Physiological compatibility 4.3 — — — — + (Note 2)

—

4 Transmittance and filter categories

5.2 + (Note 1)

— — — — —

5 General transmittance requirements

5.3 + (Note 1)

— — — — —

6 Refractive power 6 — + — — — —

7 Frame deformation and retention of filters

7.1 — — — + — —

8 Robustness and filter retention

7.2 — — + (Note 1)

— — —

9 Increased endurance of sunglasses (optional specification)

7.4 — — — + — —

10 Resistance to perspiration (optional specification)

7.5 — + — — — —

11 Impact resistance of the filter, strength 3 (optional specification)

7.6 — — — — — + (Note 3)

12 Resistance to solar radiation

8 + (Note 1)

— — — — —

13 Resistance to ignition 9 — — + — — —

14 Resistance to abrasion (optional specification)

10 — — — — — + (Note 4)

15 Coverage area 11.1 — — + — — —

16 Temporal protective requirements

11.2 — — + — — —

LEGEND: + Testing to be carried out on the indicated specimen. — No testing specified. NOTES: 1 One filter from the left and one filter from the right eye. 2 Nickel release testing is conducted for those parts of metal and combination sunglass frames that come

into direct and prolonged contact with the skin of the wearer. 3 Left filter from sample 8 and right filter from sample 7. 4 Left filter from sample 7 and right filter from sample 8.



TABLE 7

TESTING SCHEDULE FOR UNMOUNTED FILTERS USED AS REPLACEMENT OR ALTERNATIVE FILTERS


to Clause

Unmounted pairs of filters covering one eye or filters covering both eyes

1 2 3 4

1 Construction 4.1 + — — —

2 Filter material and surface quality 4.2 + — — —

3 Transmittance and filter categories 5.2 + (Note)

— — —

4 General transmittance requirements 5.3 + (Note)

— — —

5 Refractive power 6 — + — —

6 Robustness and filter retention 7.2 — — + (Note)

—

7 Resistance to solar radiation 8 + (Note)

— — —

8 Resistance to ignition 9 — — + —


10 — — — +

LEGEND: + Testing to be carried out on the indicated specimen. — No testing specified. NOTE: One filter from the left and one filter from the right eye.



TABLE 8

TESTING SCHEDULE FOR COMPLETE CLIP-ONS


to Clause Clip-ons number

1 2 3 4 5 to 6

1 Construction 4.1 + — — — —

2 Filter material and surface quality

4.2 + — — — —

3 Physiological compatibility 4.3 — — — — + (Note 2)

4 Transmittance and filter categories

5.2 + (Note 1)

— — — —

5 General transmittance requirements

5.3 + (Note 1)

— — — —

6 Refractive power 6 — + — — —

7 Robustness and filter retention 7.2 — — + (Note 1)

— —

8 Resistance to perspiration (optional specification)

7.4 — + — — —

9 Resistance to solar radiation 8 + (Note 1)

— — — —

10 Resistance to ignition 9 — — + — —


10 — — — + (Note 1)

—

12 Coverage area 11.1 — + — — —

13 Temporal protective requirements

11.2 — + — — —

LEGEND: + Testing to be carried out on the indicated specimen. — No testing specified. NOTES: 1 One filter from the left and one filter from the right eye. 2 Nickel release testing is conducted for those parts of metal and combination sunglass frames that come

into direct and prolonged contact with the skin of the wearer.



APPENDIX A

USE OF SUNGLASS FILTERS

(Informative)

A1 DAYTIME

The main purpose of sunglass filters is to protect the human eye and lids against excessive solar radiation and to reduce eyestrain and improve visual perception. The choice of filters depends on the ambient light level and the individual’s sensitivity to glare. If in doubt, professional ophthalmic advice should be sought. Besides the reduction of visible glare, protection of the eye in the ultraviolet spectrum is essential [1, 2]*. These requirements are taken into account for filters complying with this Standard. Filter shape and size are often matters of fashion but in some circumstances wrap-around filters in sunglasses or side shields are appropriate, particularly with extra-dark filters or special-purpose filters that block blue light.

WARNING: FILTERS COMPLYING WITH THIS STANDARD ARE NOT SUITABLE FOR DIRECT OBSERVATION OF THE SUN (E.G. DURING ECLIPSES).

Table 5 summarizes the filter categories and their description.

A2 REDUCED LIGHT

In reduced light, sunglass filters intended for bright daylight reduce visual perception. The lower the luminous transmittance value of the sunglass filter, the more vision is impaired. Sunglass filters with a luminous transmittance of less than 75% are not suitable for use in twilight or at night. Photochromic sunglass filters are considered suitable for use in twilight or at night if they reach a luminous transmittance of 75% or more after testing as follows:

(a) Filters are conditioned as described in AS/NZS 1067.2.

(b) Filters are then exposed to 15 000 ±1500 lx at 23 ±1°C for 15 min.

(c) Filters are then stored in the dark at 23 ±1°C for 60 min.

A3 PHOTOCHROMIC SUNGLASS FILTERS

The luminous transmittance of photochromic sunglass filters depends on the intensity of radiation, temperature and other parameters. In use, luminous transmittance values may differ from those implied by the filter category range. Differences may include—

(a) decreased transmittance τvw at low temperatures, e.g. in winter;

(b) increased transmittance τvs at high temperatures, e.g. in high summer, in the tropics; and

(c) increased transmittance τva at reduced irradiation, e.g. when driving.

* Bibliographic details of documents indicated by numbers in square brackets (e.g. [1]) are listed in

Appendix C.



A4 BLUE-LIGHT HAZARD

If solar radiation on the ground is evaluated with currently used limit values, even under extreme illuminance conditions except for snow surfaces, an acute risk from exposure to the blue part of the spectrum is not expected. Therefore this Standard contains no mandatory specifications in this respect. Opinion is divided as to whether there could be a long-term risk. In order to allow a correct description of the blue-light attenuation by sunglass filters, a definition of the blue light transmittance is included. However, it should be noted that direct viewing of the sun is hazardous because of the high content of blue-light in the solar spectrum [3, 4].

A5 INFRARED RISK

If solar radiation on the ground is evaluated with currently used limit values even under extreme illuminance conditions, no risk by the infrared part of the radiation is to be expected [5]. Hence, this Standard contains no mandatory specifications in this respect. Prolonged exposure in desert environments may; however, pose some risk according to some scientists. Reference to infrared transmittance is included in order to allow a correct description of the attenuation of infrared radiation by sunglass filters where claims of protection are made.

A6 UV RISK

The eyes have a natural aversion response to bright light that limits outdoor filter exposure when not wearing sunglasses. This aversion response that causes ‘squinting’ limits exposure greatly. However, sunglasses without side shields may permit peripheral exposure of biological significance due to the Coroneo effect [6]. The characterization of ultraviolet exposure, [7] by calculating corneal irradiance, [8] shows that the largest influence on exposure in temperate regions is the seasonal variation of solar irradiance as adjusted by ground reflectance and the time from solar noon [7]. Diffuse sky radiation decreases with increasing altitude [8, 9] and corneal irradiation varies significantly with lid opening and ground cover [10]. The adopted transmittance limits are based on calculations of the biologically weighted, exposure doses, where applicable. The ultraviolet transmittance limits for sunglasses will keep these doses below recognized safe limits even for exceptional daily exposure, except over snow [7, 11, 12]. Further margins of safety to account for tropical conditions or walking over snowfields in late spring have also been incorporated. This has been done by adding additional safety factors to those implicit in the exceptional exposure experiences at mid-latitudes over normal terrain.

A7 ROAD USE AND DRIVING

This Standard specifies the requirements for filters for road use and driving in normal conditions particularly bearing in mind the effects of colour on the visibility of coloured signals for normal and colour deficient observers [13–18]. Category 4 sunglasses are considered unsuitable for road use and driving. Nevertheless, in extremely high luminance conditions, such as desert and snowfields under full sunlight, the use of category 4 filters may be appropriate.



APPENDIX B

UNMOUNTED FILTERS USED AS REPLACEMENT OR ALTERNATIVE FILTERS

(Normative)

B1 SCOPE

This Appendix specifies criteria and test methods for filters that are not in assembled sunglasses, i.e. unmounted filters intended to be used as replacement or alternative filters.

B2 SPHERICAL AND ASTIGMATIC POWER

The filters shall be tested at the reference points in the as-worn position according to the test method in AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 8.1.

The spherical power and astigmatic power shall not exceed the tolerances given in Table 2, where D1 and D2 are the meridional powers.

The maximum difference between the spherical power of two filters supplied as a pair for mounting in the same sunglass shall be 0.18 dioptres.

B3 PRISMATIC TOLERANCE

Prismatic tolerance of filters supplied singly, covering one eye shall be tested at the reference point of each filter, according to the test method in AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 8.1.

The prismatic power shall not exceed 0.25 prism dioptres.

B4 PRISM IMBALANCE (RELATIVE PRISM ERROR)

Prism imbalance (relative prism error) of filters supplied in pairs and filters covering both eyes shall be tested for the filters in the as-worn position according to the test method in AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 8.2.

For adults’ sunglasses, use the diaphragm LB2 with Xb = 32.0 ±0.0 mm.

For children’s sunglasses, use the diaphragm LB2 with Xb = 27.0 ±0.0 mm.

Alternatively, a diaphragm with a different Xb may be used if specified by the manufacturer.

The prismatic power difference shall not exceed the values in Table 3.

B5 REPLACEMENT FILTERS

B5.1 General

For replacement filters intended to be mounted in a frame as a pair, the filters shall each meet the transmittance requirements at any point within a 10 mm radius circle, around the reference point.



B5.2 Determination of the filter luminous transmittance and category

The transmittance value at the reference point shall be used to characterize the luminous transmittance and the category of the filter. An overlap of the transmittance values shall be not more than ±2% (absolute) between the categories 0, 1, 2 and 3, except for gradient filters, where the double value is permitted for the above specified categories. There is no overlap in transmittance values between categories 3 and 4. The filter category determined at the reference point shall be used to define whether the filters are suitable for road use and driving, according to Clause 5.3.2.

B5.3 Uniformity of the luminous transmittance

The relative difference in the luminous transmittance value between any two points of the filter within a circle 28 mm in diameter around the reference point or to the edge of the filter less the marginal zone 5 mm wide, whichever is less, shall not be greater than 10% (relative to the higher value), except for category 4 where it shall not be greater than 20%. In case of gradient filters, this requirement applies in a section parallel to the line connecting the two reference points once mounted as intended. For the pair of filters, the relative difference between the luminous transmittance value of the filters at the reference point for the right and left eyes shall not exceed 15% (relative to the lighter filter).

Changes of luminous transmittance that are caused by thickness variations due to the design of the filter are permitted. For verification, the test method in Annex L of AS/NZS 1067.2 shall be used.

B6 POLARIZING FILTERS

The direction of the intended horizontal orientation of the uncut polarizing sunglass filter shall be marked.

NOTE: It is perpendicular to the plane of transmission.

For polarizing filters, the polarization efficiency shall be >78% for filter categories 2, 3, 4 and >60% for filter category 1. Filters of category 0 do not have any useful polarizing effect.

B7 ROBUSTNESS AND FILTER RETENTION

When tested as specified in AS/NZS 1067.2, Clause 9.2, the filter shall not fracture. A filter is considered to have fractured when—


(b) when viewed by a trainer observer, either a piece of material that has become detached from the filter surface or a corresponding surface defect; or

(c) if appropriate, the test ball passes through the filter (applicable to B7 but not B6). If this requirement is met, testing according to B6 is not necessary.

B8 INFORMATION AND LABELLING

For uncut finished filters and replacement filters (unmounted sunglass filters), the manufacturer shall provide the following information for the user:

(a) Name and address of the manufacturer.

(b) Number of the filter category.

(c) Reference to this Standard, i.e. AS/NZS 1067.1.

(d) Type of filter if photochromic and/or polarizing.



(e) Restriction of use, which shall include at least the following:

(i) Not for direct observation of the sun.

(ii) Not for protection against artificial light sources, e.g. solaria.

(iii) For products not satisfying the requirements of Clause 7.3 or Clause 7.5, not for use as eye protection against mechanical hazards such as impact.

(iv) Any other restrictions deemed appropriate by the manufacturer.

(f) When the filter has a luminous transmittance less than 75% and higher than 8%, the following warning, ‘NOT SUITABLE FOR DRIVING IN TWILIGHT OR AT NIGHT’ or ‘NOT SUITABLE FOR DRIVING AT NIGHT OR UNDER CONDITIONS OF DULL LIGHT’. The same warning applies to photochromic filters for which the luminous transmittance in dark faded conditions is less than 75%.

(g) When the filter does not meet the necessary requirements for driving, or in the case of filter category 4, the following warning, ‘NOT SUITABLE FOR ROAD USE AND DRIVING’ and either of the symbols shown in Figure 2 (minimum height shall be 5 mm).

(h) Warning about cleaning or other products that might damage the sunglass.



APPENDIX C

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE STANDARDS AS/NZS 1067.1, AS/NZS 1067:2003 AND ISO 12312-1

(Informative)

C1 GENERAL

AS/NZS 1067, Parts 1 and 2 have been developed from the previous editions of both joint and Australian editions going back to 1971. Alignment, as far as Committee CS-053 was prepared to agree, with European and International Standards has been a major consideration in the drafting process. The current edition of AS/NZS 1067.2 is an identical adoption of ISO 12311:2013, while this Standard aligns closely with ISO 12312-1:2013. The special environmental conditions of Australia and New Zealand were also taken into account (see Ref. [1] in Paragraph C4).

C2 DISCUSSION OF TEST METHODS

Since the test methods of AS/NZS 1067:2003 and ISO 12311:2013 both contain many elements of the superseded European Standard, EN 1836:2005, Personal eye-equipment—Sunglasses and sunglare filters for general use and filters for direct observation of the sun, there is very little change to the 2003 edition test methods in adopting ISO 12311:2013.

While AS/NZS 1067.2 is an identical adoption of ISO 12311:2013, as a consequence of one difference in the mechanical requirements in AS/NZS 1067.1, the test for minimum robustness is not used. (The minimum mechanical strength requirement of AS/NZS 1067.1 remains the same as in AS/NZS 1067:2003, that is, a 16 mm, 16 g ball dropped from 1.27 m.)

C3 DISCUSSION OF REQUIREMENTS

The differences between AS/NZS 1067.1 and ISO 12312.1:2013 are more extensive than between the Test Methods Standards AS/NZS 1067.2 and ISO 12311:2013. Differences in English expression, differences that arise from providing greater clarity and detail but retaining the same intent, and differences that arise from editorial style are not detailed here.

Significant differences between this Standard, AS/NZS 1067:2003 and ISO 12312-1 are explained below. If the intent and numerical requirements of this Standard are the same as AS/NZS 1067:2003 and ISO 12312-1, the matter is not mentioned here.

Clause 1 Scope

The scope retains the AS/NZS 1067:2003 inclusion of ‘fashion spectacles’ since this term is widely used and understood in Australia and New Zealand. It is linked to the term ‘light tint sunglasses’ in ISO 12312-1. It is also made explicit that the requirements of AS/NZS 1067.1 apply to both sunglasses and fashion spectacles. This was slightly ambiguous in AS/NZS 1067:2003.

Clause 3 Definitions

AS/NZS 1337.0 is referenced for definitions. This is a slightly modified version of ISO 4007, Personal protective equipment—Eye and face protection—Vocabulary. The variations and editions are contained in Appendix ZZ of that Standard. A definition of ‘fashion spectacles’ had been added in this Standard. ‘Related eyewear’ is defined in ISO 12312-1 but not used in AS/NZS 1067 series. It has been retained for consistency with ISO 12312-1. AS/NZS 1337.0 provides two sets of definitions for ultraviolet measures, with



long wavelength limits being a choice between 380 nm and 400 nm. AS/NZS 1067 series sets the limit as 400 nm. The revised definition for τSUVA, giving the option of a 400 nm limit for UV calculations, was inadvertently omitted from AS/NZS 1337.0 so it is included in AS/NZS 1067.1. The use of a 400 nm limit is consistent with AS/NZS practice since 1971 and the Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage (CIE) [19], International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) [20], the American Conference of Governmental and Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) [21] and AS 2243.5 [22] and several other ISO standards.

The term ‘lens’ is used in preference to ‘ocular’ or ‘filter’.

Clause 4 Construction and materials

4.2 Filter material and surface quality

AS/NZS 1067:2003 defines a circle 28 mm in diameter as the area to be assessed for uniformity. ISO 12312-1 defines a circle of diameter 40 mm. Anecdotally, it has been reported that there is some difficulty with the 40 mm specification. Committee CS-053 agreed to retain the existing AS/NZS requirement as having proved appropriate.

Clause 5 Transmittance

5.3.2.2 Spectral transmittance

The minimum spectral transmittance in the short wavelength region has a wavelength range of 475–650 nm. The lower wavelength limit in ISO 12312-1 is a compromise between AS/NZS 1067:2003 and EN 1836 and has been accepted in this edition. The minimum set in ISO 12312-1 is 0.2 τv, which is a de facto 0.25 τv. The Australian members of ISO TC94 SC6 consider this an editorial mistake. In AS/NZS 1067 series it has been specified as 0.20 τv, which is consistent with AS/NZS 1067:2003.

5.3.2.3 Detection of signal lights

In the detection of signal lights, the minimum value of Qblue of 0.70 from AS/NZS 1067:2003 (which was a compromise between EN 1836 and the violet factor limit of earlier editions of AS/NZS 1067) has been retained rather than the 0.60 of ISO 12312-1 especially given the more recent evidence of effects on colour recognition [17] and [18].

5.3.2.4 Driving in twilight or at night

ISO 12312-1 requires sunglasses with a luminous transmittance <75% to be marked with a night driving warning. Category 0 has a lower limit of 80%. Committee CS-053 thought it unnecessary to have different values that were so close and combined the two requirements.

5.3.3 Wide angle scattering

AS/NZS 1067:2003 used a measure of narrow angle scatter (light diffusion) to be consistent with EN 1836. Large angle scatter has been shown to be a more appropriate measure [23] and adopted in ISO 12312-1. This Standard is consistent with ISO 12312-1.

5.3.5.2.8 UV400 or similar

UV400 is a claim that is not defined in AS/NZS 1067:2003, ISO 12311-1 or ISO 4007. Defining the basis by which this claim is made will prevent misleading information being promulgated. To validate this clause, 400 nm must be included in the definition of ultraviolet. Committee CS-053 agreed that the level of 5.0% was achievable and an acceptable compromise value for this claim.

5.3.5.4 Enhanced infrared absorption

Since infrared in the natural environment does not reach hazardous levels, reference to infrared was removed from AS/NZS 1067:2003. This Clause, which gives the basis by which to validate claims and is consistent with earlier editions of AS/NZS 1067 was added for consistency with ISO 12312-1.



Clause 6 Refractive power

6.1 Spherical and astigmatic power

The tolerances for refractive power vary between the Standards, as summarized in Table C1.

TABLE C1

TOLERANCES FOR REFRACTIVE POWER

Standard Tolerance

Spherical Cylindrical

AS/NZS 1067:2003 ±0.09 ±0.09

ISO 12312-1:2013 ±0.12 ±0.12

AS/NZS ISO 21987:2011 ±0.12 ±0.09

Committee CS-053 chose to be consistent with AS/NZS ISO 21987.

Clause 7 Robustness

7.2 Frame deformation and retention of filters

This requirement from ISO 12312-1 is new to AS/NZS 1067 series.

7.3 Robustness and filter retention

This requirement from ISO 12312-1 is the same as AS/NZS 1067:2003.

7.4 Increased endurance of sunglasses

This optional specification from ISO 12312-1 is new to AS/NZS 1067 series.

7.5 Resistance to perspiration


7.6 Impact resistance of the filter

This optional specification for strength level 3 from ISO 12312-1 is different from AS/NZS 1067:2004 which is almost exactly the same as the proposed ISO strength level 2.

Clause 10 Resistance to abrasion


Clause 11 Protective requirements

11.1 Coverage area

This requirement from ISO 12312-1 is the same as AS/NZS 1067:2003.

11.2 Temporal protective requirements

This adult category 4 sunglass requirement for lateral protection taken from ISO 12312-1 is new to AS/NZS 1067 series. Committee CS-053 has also included a children’s category 4 sunglass requirement, the dimensions of which are 54/64ths of the adult requirements, being the ratio of interpupillary distances of the medium and small test headforms. The ISO committee exempted children’s sunglasses from this requirement because they could not agree on the dimensions to be specified.



Clause 12 Information and labelling

12.1 Information to be supplied with each pair of sunglasses

In AS/NZS 1067 series the means by which the information is supplied has been made more specific than ISO 12312-1 and is consistent with AS/NZS 1067:2003. In other respects the requirements are consistent with ISO 12312-1.

Clause 13 Selection of test samples

This is as in ISO 12312-1, it is new to AS/NZS 1067 series.

Appendix A USE OF SUNGLASS FILTERS

This is as in ISO 12312-1 except that many of the referenced publications were unobtainable and/or not in English. The Appendix has been referenced to readily available documents and, in particular, documents with especial relevance to Australia and New Zealand.

Appendix B UNMOUNTED FILTERS USED AS REPLACEMENT OR ALTERNATIVE FILTERS

These requirements were placed in an Appendix to retain consistency with ISO 12312-1.

C4 BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES FOR APPENDICES A AND C

[1] Gies, P. Australia has more than enough solar UV radiation. Clin Exp Optom. 2001 86, (2):71–73.

[2] Coroneo, MT and Dain, SJ, The Sun and Eye—Sunlight-Induced Eye Disease and its Prevention. In Slevin, T. ed. Sun, Skin and Health. CSIRO Publishing, 2014.

[3] Margrain, TH, Boulton, M, Marshall, J and Sliney, DH, Do blue light filters confer protection against age-related macular degeneration? Prog Retin Eye Res. 2004, Sep 23(5):523–31.

[4] Mainster, MA, Intraocular Lenses Should Block UV Radiation and Violet but not Blue Light. Arch Ophthalmol. 2005, 123(4):550–555. doi:10.1001/archopht. 123.4.550.

[5] Sliney, DH, Photoprotection of the eye—UV radiation and sunglasses. J Photochem Photobiol B: Biology, 2001, 64(2–3):166–175.

[6] Coroneo, MT, Pterygium as an early indicator of ultraviolet insolation: a hypothesis. Br J Ophthalmol. 1993, 77(11):734–739.

[7] Green, AES, Cross, KC and Smith, LA, Improved analytic characterization of ultraviolet skylight. Photochem Photobiol 1980, 31:59.

[8] Hoover, HL, Solar ultraviolet irradiation of the human cornea, lens and retina: Equations of ocular irradiation. Appl Opt 1986, 25–329.

[9] Hoover, HL and Marsaud, SG, Calculating solar ultraviolet irradiation of the human cornea and corresponding required sunglass lens transmittances. Proc SPIE 1985, 60(1):140–145.

[10] Piazena, H, Vertical distribution of solar irradiation in the tropical Chilean Andes. Am Soc Photobiol. Annual Meeting, Chicago, June 1993.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

AS/NZS 1337 Personal eye protection 1337.1 Part 1: Eye and face protectors for occupational applications 1337 Eye and face protection 1337.4 Part 4: Filters and eye protectors against laser radiation (laser eye-protectors) 1337.5 Part 5: Eye protectors for adjustment work on lasers and laser systems (laser

adjustment eye-protectors)

1338 Filters for eye protectors 1338.1 Part 1: Filters for protection against radiation generated in welding and allied

operations 1338.2 Part 2: Filters for protection against ultraviolet radiation 1338.3 Part 3: Filters for protection against infra-red radiation

2635 Solaria for cosmetic purposes

4066 Eye protectors for racquet sports

AS/NZS ISO 21987 Ophthalmic optics—Mounted spectacle lenses

ISO 12311 Personal protective equipment—Test methods for sunglasses and related eyewear

12312 Eye and face protection— Sunglasses and related eyewear 12312-1 Part 1: Sunglasses for general use

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