Excerpt DURANTI: Linguistic Anthropology. Chapter 1 Linguistic Anthropology own field, was p art of classical fo ur field approach 1. human biology 2. linguistic 3. culture 4. archiological 1.1 Underlying veiw on langauge: languge = cultural practice a form of ac tion that presupposes and establish ways ofbeing in the world Hymes on Linguistic Anthropology: „the study of speech and language within the the context of anthropolgy“ Field: Study of langauge as a cultural resource and speaking as a cultural practice language is cultural practice that is > interpsychological > intrapsychological View speakers = are scocial actorsDistinguishing lingA. from other languge studies, just as dialectologists and sociolinguists: examines language through the lenses of anthropological concern language a set of symbolic recourses that enter t he constitution of the social f abric ie. Legitimation of power , cultural construction o f person, etc 1.2 Fundaemntal theoratical assumptions > words matter> lingusitc representation of world never neutral Language not merly reflective tool but way to enter in an interaction al space Resumen: What is unique about linguistic anthropology lies somewhere else, namely , in its interest in speakers as social actors, in language as both a resource for and a product of social interaction, in speech communities as simultaneously real andimaginary entities whose boundaries are constantly bei ng reshaped and negoti- ated through myriad acts of speaking
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• Sociolinguistics choose opposite route to Chomskies (underlyig homogenity)
•
Sociolinguistic study of linguistic variation in relation to context
• Linguistic Anthropolgy: „linguistic relatictiy hypotheisi“ (connection language thought)
• language ideology
3.1.
Boas insisted on theoractial need to know langauge of obserevd ethnicity
Boas : If ethnology is understood as the science dealing withthe mental phenomena of the life of t he peoples of the world,human language, one of the most important manifestations of mental life,
would seem to belong naturally to the field of work of ethnology.
A.L. Kroeber
In short, culture can probably function only on the basis of
abstractions, and these in turn seem to be possible only through
speech,
lingusitcis sytsmen is a guide to cultural system, Boas legacy: publishing tradtional text
Boas cultural realism, 5 independet Eskimo words of snow
3.2 linguistic relativity
> Sapir: each langauge has its own inner logic. Also view: individual vs. Society
>Whorf: relationship langauge and worldfiew... language structures metaphysiks
no time stream in Hopi language
linguistic relativity principle:
The worlds inwhich different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely thesame world with different labelsattached . Sapir