Extroversion Introversion

Introversion/Extroversion

Individual differences in SLAIndividual differences in SLA

Presented by

• Syed Ali Tahir• Riaz Hussain

The dimensions of a learner’s personality

1.Inhibition (adaptiveness of learner’s language ego)2.self-esteem(how far learners consider themselves significant people)3.Empathy4.anxiety5.Tolerance of ambiguity( dealing with ambiguity)6.risk-taking( less hesitancy)7.Extroversion/Introversion• Extroversion/introversion distiction is only one aspect of learner’s

personality.

Extroversion/Introversion

• The extroversion/Introversion distinction refers to one of several traits which together constitute an individual’s personality (Eysenck 1970)

Hans Jurgen Eysenck• 1916(Germany)-

1997(London• Authored 50 books and

900 articles• Editor of the journal

Personality and individual differences

• He gave dimensions of personality

Extroversion/Introversion continuum

• Extroversion Introversion represents a continuum.it means that individuals can be more or less extroverted

• Rod Ellis(2004)• .

Measuring Extroversion/Introversion

• The extent to which individuals verge towards one of these types is measured by analysing responses to self-report questions such as those in the Eysenck Personality Questionaire.

Qualities of extroverts and introverts

Enumerated by researchers

Comparison Introvert a person mainly thinks

about his own thoughts and personal life and does not enjoy spending time with other people.

• Extrovert Someone who is active

and confident , and who enjoys spending time with other people.

Longman Dictionary of

Contemporary English(2000)

Introverts

Qualities of Introverts

• Introverts are• Quiet• Prefer reading to meeting people• Have few but close friends• Ususally avoid excitement.• introspective; quiet; retiring; reserved;

(Eysenck and Chan 1982:54)

Introverts and CALP• J.Cummins(1981) used this term• Cognitive academic language

Proficiency(CALP)• Proficiency required to engage effectively in

academic studies • Introvert learners do better at developing

CALP.(Griffiths 1991)

The rationale behind the hypothesis

• The rationale for this hypothesis comes from the studies which show that introverted learners typically enjoy more academic success, perhaps because they spend more time reading and writing

(Griffiths 1991)

ExtroverExtroverttss

• Sociable• Like parties• Have many friends• need excitement• Sensation seekers• Risk –takers• Like practical jokes• Lively and active• dislike solitude impulsive.

Qualities of extroverts of extroverts

Extroverts and BICSCummins used this term (1981)Extrovert learners will do better in acquiring basic

interpersonal communications skills(BICS)(Griffiths 1991)

The Rationale behind the hypothesis

• The rationale for this hypothesis is that sociability( an essential feature of extroversion) will result in more oportunities to practice, more input, and more success in communicating L2

• (Griffiths 1991)

Research on Extroversion/Introversion

Supporting the first hypothesis

Extrovert children lea rnt fa ster

f ind ings

Mea surem ent instrum entC la ssroom observa tion

C oa n a nd C a ttel's1996Ea rly School Persona lity Q uestiona ire

SubjectsSpa nish-spea king 13 K indeerga rten children

Strong 1983

A small scale study supporting the first hypothesis

extrovert lea rners pa rtic ipa ted m orein ora l pa rtic ipa tion tha n introverts a nd neurotics

findings

obta ined m ea sures of vo lunta ry pa rtic ipa tionfrom ora l English cla sses

Mea suring Instrum entYa ta be/G uilford Persona lity Inventory

SubjectJa pa nese college students

Robson (1992)

Research made by Busch in Japan.

extroversion/introversion ha s little todo w ith L2 lea rning in Ja pa n

beca use the cla ssroom situa tion requiresintroverted type beha viour out o f respect for tea cher

Exp la na tion by R od Ellis

She found a nega tive re la tionship w ith L2

findings

Mea surem ent Instrum entEysenck Persona lity Inventory(EPI)

Subjectsa dolescent a nd a dult Ja pa nese lea rners

of E nglish in Ja pa n

B usch 1982T ype title here

Conclusions drawn by Rod Ellis

• The evidence linking extroversion to the acquisition of BICS is fairly substantial

• There is no clear support for the claim that introversion benefits the acquisition of CALP

• The effects of extroversion/introversion may be situation-dependent,evident in some learning contexts but not in others

Suggestions made by Rod Ellis

• Better results may be obtained when the measures of extroversion/introversion are based on observation than when they are based on self-report questionnaires.

• Better results may be obtained if researchers explore specific interactions between personality measures such as extroversion/introversion and learners’ under different instructional conditions.

Rod Ellis• Professor in the

department of Applied Linguistics Auckland.

• His book The Study of Second Language acquisition has won (Duke of Edinburgh prize 1995)

Thank you very muchTake care