ExpressCard 201 – PCMCIA’s Latest Hot-Plug Technology

ExpressCard 201 – PCMCIA’s ExpressCard 201 – PCMCIA’s Latest Hot-Plug TechnologyLatest Hot-Plug Technology

Ken StufflebeamKen StufflebeamPresident, PCMCIAPresident, PCMCIATechnical EvangelistTechnical EvangelistMicrosoft CorporationMicrosoft Corporation

Session OutlineSession Outline

ExpressCard BackgroundExpressCard Background Rational For ChangeRational For Change OpportunitiesOpportunities

Electrical SpecificationElectrical Specification Buses ImplementedBuses Implemented ExpressCard Power SwitchExpressCard Power Switch

Mechanical SpecificationMechanical Specification Form Factors DiscussionForm Factors Discussion Security FeaturesSecurity Features

System ImplementationSystem Implementation SummarySummary

ExpressCard, PCI Express and USB ExpressCard, PCI Express and USB are trademarks of PCMCIA, PCI-SIG are trademarks of PCMCIA, PCI-SIG

and USB-IFand USB-IF

Session GoalsSession Goals

Attendees should leave this session with the Attendees should leave this session with the following:following: A better understanding of new directions for A better understanding of new directions for

PCMCIA’s modular technologyPCMCIA’s modular technology A basic understanding of ExpressCard implementation A basic understanding of ExpressCard implementation

requirementsrequirements Fundamental concepts for implementing ExpressCard Fundamental concepts for implementing ExpressCard

under Microsoft’s Windows 2000 and Windows XP under Microsoft’s Windows 2000 and Windows XP operating systemsoperating systems

Knowledge of where to find resources for Knowledge of where to find resources for implementing ExpressCardimplementing ExpressCard

ExpressCard – The New Modular ExpressCard – The New Modular Standard From PCMCIAStandard From PCMCIA

ExpressCard Specification developed and co-owned ExpressCard Specification developed and co-owned by PCMCIA and JEITAby PCMCIA and JEITA

ExpressCard supplants CardBus and PC Card modular technologiesExpressCard supplants CardBus and PC Card modular technologies No further development being considered for CardBus or PC CardNo further development being considered for CardBus or PC Card

ExpressCard form factor driven by:ExpressCard form factor driven by: Industry’s continued emphasis on mobilityIndustry’s continued emphasis on mobility Increasing performance demandsIncreasing performance demands System bus directionsSystem bus directions

ExpressCard interface provide scalable performance to meet ExpressCard interface provide scalable performance to meet application demands and price pointsapplication demands and price points Interfaces are ubiquitous industry standard implementationsInterfaces are ubiquitous industry standard implementations

Interfaces remain under the purview of their parent owning bodiesInterfaces remain under the purview of their parent owning bodies Power management requirements and implementation remain true to Power management requirements and implementation remain true to

parent specificationparent specification

ExpressCard MarketsExpressCard Markets

Small Form Factor Desktop PCsSmall Form Factor Desktop PCsAppliance-like PCsAppliance-like PCs

eHome PCseHome PCsSet-top boxesSet-top boxes

Traditional Mobile PCsTraditional Mobile PCs

ExpressCard TechnologiesExpressCard Technologies

Wireless and wired communicationsWireless and wired communications

Rotating and solid-state storage mediaRotating and solid-state storage mediaLegacy I/O port connectivityLegacy I/O port connectivity

Traditional security ID and biometric devicesTraditional security ID and biometric devices

AdaptersAdapters

Scalable performance interfaces enable new technologiesScalable performance interfaces enable new technologiesSmaller form factor enables integration into more devicesSmaller form factor enables integration into more devices

Reduced power demands increase mobility optionsReduced power demands increase mobility options

ExpressCard – Right For The TimesExpressCard – Right For The Times

ExpressCard InterfaceExpressCard Interface

ExpressCard interface comprised of:ExpressCard interface comprised of: PCI ExpressPCI Express

High performanceHigh performance Next generation compliant connectorNext generation compliant connector Migration path for CardBus technologiesMigration path for CardBus technologies

USB 2.0USB 2.0 Scalable performance pointsScalable performance points

Low-, Full-, High-speed support required in host slotLow-, Full-, High-speed support required in host slot Migration path for PC Card technologiesMigration path for PC Card technologies Low cost data pathLow cost data path

SMBusSMBus System management and control bus standardSystem management and control bus standard

Spread Spectrum Clock for EMI abatementSpread Spectrum Clock for EMI abatement As defined in PCI Express Base SpecificationAs defined in PCI Express Base Specification

ExpressCard System InterconnectExpressCard System Interconnect

ExpressCard BusesExpressCard Buses

PCI ExpressPCI Express One laneOne lane Dual-simplex 2.5Gbs differential serialDual-simplex 2.5Gbs differential serial 8b/10b encoding8b/10b encoding Standardized by PCI Special Interest GroupStandardized by PCI Special Interest Group

USBUSB One portOne port Full-duplex 480Mbps differential serialFull-duplex 480Mbps differential serial NRZI encodingNRZI encoding Standardized by USB Implementers ForumStandardized by USB Implementers Forum

SMBusSMBus Supports special sideband system management featuresSupports special sideband system management features Optional for both system and moduleOptional for both system and module

ExpressCard Sideband SignalsExpressCard Sideband Signals

PCI Express specificPCI Express specific WAKEWAKE

Brings system out of stand-by in order to process in-band power management eventBrings system out of stand-by in order to process in-band power management event It is NOT PME#It is NOT PME#

Enables lowest system power state and support wake-up eventsEnables lowest system power state and support wake-up events REFCLKREFCLK

Spread Spectrum clock for EMI abatementSpread Spectrum clock for EMI abatement Required to be supported by system and moduleRequired to be supported by system and module

Dynamic reference clock control (CLKREQ#) supported but not requiredDynamic reference clock control (CLKREQ#) supported but not required

CPPE#CPPE# PCI Express function presentPCI Express function present

USB specificUSB specific CPUSB#CPUSB#

USB function presentUSB function present

ExpressCard Power SwitchExpressCard Power Switch

Controls supply voltages to slotControls supply voltages to slot Provides reset functionProvides reset function

On insertion eventOn insertion event On power-upOn power-up On resumeOn resume

Does not support wake events in system states Does not support wake events in system states other than S0other than S0

Enables 3.3Vaux when system is not in S0 stateEnables 3.3Vaux when system is not in S0 state Ensures cold socket on insertionEnsures cold socket on insertion

Passes system reset to slot as appropriatePasses system reset to slot as appropriate

ExpressCard Power RequirementsExpressCard Power Requirements

3.3V – primary supply voltage3.3V – primary supply voltage 1000ma normal operating conditions limit1000ma normal operating conditions limit

3.3Vaux – wake event support supply voltage3.3Vaux – wake event support supply voltage 250ma normal operating conditions limit250ma normal operating conditions limit 275ma when in device state D3 and wake event enabled275ma when in device state D3 and wake event enabled

Note that this is the supply for either a PCI Express function or a USB functionNote that this is the supply for either a PCI Express function or a USB function 5ma limit when in device state D3 and wake event is not enabled5ma limit when in device state D3 and wake event is not enabled 0ma limit if wake events are not supported0ma limit if wake events are not supported Only available when CPPE# and / or CPUSB# are trueOnly available when CPPE# and / or CPUSB# are true

1.5V – secondary supply voltage1.5V – secondary supply voltage 500ma normal operating conditions limit500ma normal operating conditions limit Intended as “core” operating voltageIntended as “core” operating voltage Not available when system is in other than S0 stateNot available when system is in other than S0 state

Wake logic must operate from 3.3Vaux supplyWake logic must operate from 3.3Vaux supply

ExpressCard Power ManagementExpressCard Power Management

Supports native power managementSupports native power management ACPIACPI PCI ExpressPCI Express

ASPM (Active State Power Management)ASPM (Active State Power Management) L0 and L3 support requiredL0 and L3 support required Active State L0s and Active State L1 support are required and enabled by defaultActive State L0s and Active State L1 support are required and enabled by default

PCI Bus Power ManagementPCI Bus Power Management CLKREQ# enables active reference clock controlCLKREQ# enables active reference clock control

USB power managementUSB power management Bus suspend support requiredBus suspend support required

Wake eventsWake events PCI Express in-band PME messagePCI Express in-band PME message

WAKE# support for system transition to S0 prior to PME messagingWAKE# support for system transition to S0 prior to PME messaging USB bus signalingUSB bus signaling

USB function can not implement PCI Express WAKE# functionUSB function can not implement PCI Express WAKE# function

System must implement one PCI Express lane for each slotSystem must implement one PCI Express lane for each slot System must implement one low-, full- and high-speed USB port for each slotSystem must implement one low-, full- and high-speed USB port for each slot System must define relationship between PCI Express lane and USB port for System must define relationship between PCI Express lane and USB port for

each sloteach slot Accomplished through an ACPI eject dependency table entryAccomplished through an ACPI eject dependency table entry

Module may implement PCI Express interface optionModule may implement PCI Express interface option Module may implement USB interface optionModule may implement USB interface option Module may implement both interfacesModule may implement both interfaces

ExpressCard Interface Utilization RulesExpressCard Interface Utilization Rules

PCI Entry USB Entry

PCI EntryPCI EntryPoints to USBPoints to USBdependencydependency

USB EntryUSB EntryPoints to PCIPoints to PCIdependencydependency

ExpressCard Interface Utilization RulesExpressCard Interface Utilization Rules

Modules that implement both interfaces must implement the serial Modules that implement both interfaces must implement the serial number declaration that defines this relationshipnumber declaration that defines this relationship PCI Express function must implement GUID serial numberPCI Express function must implement GUID serial number USB function must implement serial number featureUSB function must implement serial number feature USB serial number string must be:USB serial number string must be:

PCI Express function’s Vendor ID number + PCI Express function’s Device ID number PCI Express function’s Vendor ID number + PCI Express function’s Device ID number + PCI Express function’s GUID number+ PCI Express function’s GUID number

instantiated into USB Unicodeinstantiated into USB Unicode

Example:Example:PCI Express Vendor ID number: 8486hPCI Express Vendor ID number: 8486h

PCI Express Device ID number: 1023hPCI Express Device ID number: 1023h

PCI Express serial number: 9D66CCEACC7998E3hPCI Express serial number: 9D66CCEACC7998E3h

The USB serial number space would contain the valueThe USB serial number space would contain the value

8486 + 1023 + 9D66CCEACC7998E38486 + 1023 + 9D66CCEACC7998E3

in Unicodein Unicode

0038 0034 0038 0036 0031 0030 0032 0033 0039 0044 0036 0036 0043 0043 0045 0041 0036 0038 0034 0038 0036 0031 0030 0032 0033 0039 0044 0036 0036 0043 0043 0045 0041 0036 0036 0037 0039 0039 0038 0045 00330036 0037 0039 0039 0038 0045 0033

ExpressCard Mechanical Specification

ExpressCard Form FactorsExpressCard Form Factors

Two basic form factorsTwo basic form factors Basic 34mm x 75mmBasic 34mm x 75mm

Expected to meet requirements of the majority of Expected to meet requirements of the majority of single function module applicationssingle function module applications

Favorite implementation for thin and lite / ultra-Favorite implementation for thin and lite / ultra-mobility applicationsmobility applications

Larger volume 54mm x 75mmLarger volume 54mm x 75mm Enables earlier technology migration to mobile Enables earlier technology migration to mobile

applications before silicon shrinkapplications before silicon shrink Enables higher thermal dissipationEnables higher thermal dissipation Enables rotating mediaEnables rotating media Enables legacy card adaptersEnables legacy card adapters

ExpressCard Standard Form Factors – 34mmExpressCard Standard Form Factors – 34mm

75 mm75 mm

34 mm34 mm

5 mm thick5 mm thick

toptop

bottom

securitysecuritynotchnotch

finger gripfinger grip

connectorconnectoralignmentalignmentfeaturefeature

ExpressCard|34

ExpressCard Standard Form Factors – 54mmExpressCard Standard Form Factors – 54mm

75 mm75 mm

34 mm34 mm

5 mm thick5 mm thick

toptop54 mm54 mm

53 mm53 mm

ExpressCard|54

Building A SlotBuilding A SlotSlot for 34mm Slot for 34mm card only card only

Top CoverTop Cover

Host ConnectorHost ConnectorLeft Guide RailLeft Guide Rail

Right Guide RailRight Guide Rail

Host/Daughter CardHost/Daughter Card

Combo slot for Combo slot for both cardsboth cards

Top CoverTop Cover

Host ConnectorHost ConnectorLeft Guide RailLeft Guide Rail

Right Guide RailRight Guide Rail

PCB InsulatorPCB Insulator

Host/Daughter CardHost/Daughter Card

ExpressCard Adapter ConceptsExpressCard Adapter Concepts

Power from Power from system system PSUPSU

PCI Express PCI Express CableCableUSB CableUSB Cable

Tray AdapterTray Adapter

Integrated Mezzanine AdapterIntegrated Mezzanine Adapter

System Bus Add-In AdapterSystem Bus Add-In Adapter

ExpressCard Form Factor Versus ExpressCard Form Factor Versus CardBus Form FactorCardBus Form Factor

55% of the volume55% of the volumeof a CardBus Type IIof a CardBus Type IIcardcard

ExpressCard Extended Form FactorsExpressCard Extended Form Factors

ExpressCard Thermal Power LimitsExpressCard Thermal Power Limits

Express

Card|34

Express

Card|54

1.3 Watts1.3 Watts

2.1 Watts2.1 Watts

ExpressCard Connector Sub-SystemExpressCard Connector Sub-System

Beam-on-blade, single in-line configurationBeam-on-blade, single in-line configuration Low-cost yet reliable and durableLow-cost yet reliable and durable

5K / 10K cycle rating for card connectors5K / 10K cycle rating for card connectors 5K cycle rating for host connectors5K cycle rating for host connectors

system board

host connector

card

Legacy Operating SystemsImplementation Guidelines

ACPIACPI

Up-stream Up-stream Port LogicPort Logic

Hot-Plug Event Hot-Plug Event DetectorDetector

PCI Express PortPCI Express Port

ExpressCard Under Windows 2000 ExpressCard Under Windows 2000 And Windows XPAnd Windows XP

BIOS has enabled the portBIOS has enabled the portlogic to generate an SCIlogic to generate an SCIthrough a GPIO registerthrough a GPIO registerbit…bit…

GPIO GPIO SCI SCIInsertion EventInsertion Event

PCI EnumeratorPCI Enumerator

11

Exp

ress

Car

d|34

Exp

ress

Car

d|34

An ExpressCard is inserted…An ExpressCard is inserted…

22

Up-stream port detects Insertion Event…Up-stream port detects Insertion Event…

33 An SCI occurs…An SCI occurs…

44That ACPI fieldsThat ACPI fieldsand directs to theand directs to theInsertion eventInsertion eventhandler…handler…

55

That starts the OS PCIThat starts the OS PCIenumerator…enumerator…66

That enumerates the card…That enumerates the card… 77

Support Specifications

Call To ActionCall To Action

System vendors –System vendors – Prepare your roadmap now for ExpressCard implementationsPrepare your roadmap now for ExpressCard implementations

Choose your chipsetsChoose your chipsets Test your ACPI solutionsTest your ACPI solutions Prepare for Windows operating system codename “Longhorn”Prepare for Windows operating system codename “Longhorn”

Join PCMCIA and participate!Join PCMCIA and participate!

Module vendorsModule vendors CardBus and PC Cards – choose your migration pathCardBus and PC Cards – choose your migration path New technologies – PCI Express, USB or both?New technologies – PCI Express, USB or both? Join PCMCIA and participate!Join PCMCIA and participate!

ExpressCard ResourcesExpressCard Resources

The following PCMCIA ExpressCard specifications may be purchased if not a The following PCMCIA ExpressCard specifications may be purchased if not a PCMCIA member at PCMCIA member at http://www.pcmcia.orghttp://www.pcmcia.org

ExpressCard Standard Release 1.0ExpressCard Standard Release 1.0 ExpressCard Implementation Guidelines Release 1.0ExpressCard Implementation Guidelines Release 1.0 ExpressCard Internal Cable Specifications Release 1.0ExpressCard Internal Cable Specifications Release 1.0

The following compliance documents are available through PCMCIAThe following compliance documents are available through PCMCIA ExpressCard Compliance Checklists Release 1.0ExpressCard Compliance Checklists Release 1.0 ExpressCard Interoperability Checklists Release 1.0ExpressCard Interoperability Checklists Release 1.0

The following relevant specifications are availableThe following relevant specifications are available PCI-SIG members may obtain the PCI Express specification at PCI-SIG members may obtain the PCI Express specification at http://www.pcisig.comhttp://www.pcisig.com

PCI Express Base Specification Release 1.0aPCI Express Base Specification Release 1.0a USB members may obtain the specification at USB members may obtain the specification at http://www.usb.orghttp://www.usb.org

Universal Serial Bus Specification Release 2.0Universal Serial Bus Specification Release 2.0

Community ResourcesCommunity Resources Community SitesCommunity Sites

http://www.microsoft.com/communities/http://www.microsoft.com/communities/default.mspxdefault.mspx List of NewsgroupsList of Newsgroups

http://communities2.microsoft.com/communities/newsgroups/en-us/default.http://communities2.microsoft.com/communities/newsgroups/en-us/default.aspxaspx

Attend a free chat or webcastAttend a free chat or webcast http://www.microsoft.com/communities/chats/http://www.microsoft.com/communities/chats/default.mspxdefault.mspx http://www.microsoft.com/seminar/events/http://www.microsoft.com/seminar/events/webcasts/default.mspxwebcasts/default.mspx

Locate a local user group(s)Locate a local user group(s) http://www.microsoft.com/communities/http://www.microsoft.com/communities/usergroups/default.mspxusergroups/default.mspx

Non-Microsoft Community SitesNon-Microsoft Community Sites http://www.microsoft.com/communities/related/http://www.microsoft.com/communities/related/default.mspxdefault.mspx

Additional ResourcesAdditional Resources

Email: Email: office @ office @ pcmcia.orgpcmcia.org Related Sessions:Related Sessions:

TW04047 – PCI Express – How to Build TW04047 – PCI Express – How to Build SystemsSystems

TW04091 – Implementing PCI Express on TW04091 – Implementing PCI Express on the current Windows Operating Systemsthe current Windows Operating Systems

TW04092 – PCI Express and Windows TW04092 – PCI Express and Windows “Longhorn”“Longhorn”