Exploring the development of the us

EXPLORING THE DEVELOPMENT

OF THE USGrowth of US Nationalism

Development of Sectionalism

President Andrew Jackson

Power of the National Government versus State Governments

GROWTH OF US NATIONALISM Nationalism is pride

in our nation and the feeling that you are an American. It is the belief that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns.

For many Americans, loyalty to ones state or region was stronger than loyalty to the USA.

Forces Encouraging US Nationalism:

1. The American System

2. Andrew Jackson3. Development of

National “Celebrities”

4. Manifest Destiny

HENRY CLAY’S AMERICAN SYSTEM Henry Clay’s American System

called for three things:Expand transportation High tariff which would protect American

goods from foreign competitionStrengthen the Bank of the US-strengthen

the nation. Better transportation meant that

Americans had more contact with one. Clay’s system helps to strengthen the

American Economy. A strong economy=a strong and happy nation.

PRESIDENT ANDREW JACKSON The Election of 1828

This was the first Presidential Election where white men DID NOT have to own land to vote. Jackson was seen a president elected by all.

He was the first president from the South, drew more Southerners into national politics.

Jackson was labeled “The Common Man’s President”

By feeling a connection with the President, people felt a connection to the nation.

HUDSON RIVER SCHOOL Famous artist and writers often

contribute to nationalism because they instill in the public a sense of pride for our successful citizens.

Transcendentalists—writers who focused on nature.

MANIFEST DESTINY This was the idea that God wanted

Americans to expand from the East Coast to the West Coast.

As US collected more land through purchases, treaties, and conflicts, nationalism and national pride increased.

TERRITORY OR TREATY

FROM: LAND ACQUIRED BY THE US

Louisiana Purchase

FranceYEAR:1803Doubled the size of the USGain control of the Mississippi River

Adams-Onis Treaty

SpainYear: 1819Gained Florida

Webster-Ashburton Treaty

Canada/Britain

Year: 1842Finalized border between Maine and Canada

Annexation of Texas

MexicoYear: 1846Gained Texas despite Mexican threats

Mexican Cession

MexicoYear:1848 Received parts of Texas, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, Wyoming, and all of California

Gadsden Purchase

MexicoYear: 1853 Parts of New Mexico and Arizona

Alaska Purchase Russia

Year:1867Bought for 7.2 Million

Hawaii HawaiiYear: 1898 US businesses took the island by force

Green-Purchased $ Blue-Treaty Orange-Taken by force

SECTIONALISM As the nation develops several issues

divide the regions of the nation. This will continue to build until it explodes in the

CIVIL WAR!!!!!

Division of Regions NORTH

Industrial—factories, cities,

had immigrants for cheap labor

Wanted high protective tariffs

strong FEDERAL government

SouthAgricultural

EconomyUsed Slaves for

hard laborWanted low

tariffs—high tariffs hurt their exports to other countries.

Supported a strong STATE government.

The Missouri Compromise in 1820 was made to try to keep a balance between slave and free states and prevent sectional tensions. It allowed Missouri to come in as a slave state and Maine to come in as a free state. It also drew a line across the country at 3630’ in which any future territory that applied for statehood that was ABOVE this line would come in as free and BELOW would come in as a slave state.

FEDERAL vs. STATE Power  What are the Alien and Sedition

Acts? Alien President could imprison or

deport citizens of other countries residing in the US

Sedition—made it illegal to make malicious statements against the federal gov’t.—Violated Free Speech

Can States nullify a state law?? NULLIFICATION: to recognize a

federal law   Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions:

Both states declared the government’s actions in the Alien and Sedition Act unconstitutional and refused to follow them.

Significance: Increased tension between states and federal government. Clear defiance of the federal government’s power.

As the 1800s progressed, many people in the south saw the power of the federal government as a threat to their way of life. More restrictions on

expansion of slavery High Tariffs and Westward

Expansion favored the North.

The Marshall Court- Established the dominance of the national government over the states and shaped the future of American government

Disunion and Division—LONG TERM CAUSES

Event Description and Background Side it Angered

Contribution to Disunion and/or the Civil War

SlaveryNorth supported slavery less due to their industrial economy.South needed slaves for cotton

NORTHSouth needed to expand west and wanted slavery to expand with it.North wanted to stop expansion of slavery and contain it to where it existed.

NullificationSouthern states felt it was their right to declare a federal law void.Example:and resolutions. SC nullified the Tariff of 1832

SOUTHThe South’s disregard for federal policy increased tension between the two regions.Fight between state rights and federal rights

Compromise of 1820-Missouri Compromise

Tension increased between North and South every time a new state applied for admission.—slave, —free.Set line 36’ 30 across country. Above-free, below-slave

SOUTHLimited the South on areas where they wanted to expand. Felt slaves were property and should be able to be brought in any territory.

Compromise of 1850

came in as free. The South got a stricter Fugitive Slave Law NORTH

Angry about the fugitive slave law

Fugitive Slave Law

Gave Harsh punishment to people who hid or assisted runaway slavesDenied blacks the right to trial when accused of escaping.

NORTHFelt it was a violation of their rights and moral beliefs. Many ignored the law—angered the South

Dred Scott Case1857

The Supreme Court decision said slaves were property and could be taken to any state. Said the Compromise was unconstitutional because it violated people’s rights to move property.

NORTHMade slavery legal anywhere in the country.

Uncle Tom’s Cabin1852

Book written Harriet Beacher Stowe depicting the horrible lives and abuse of slaves.

NORTHSOUTH

Stirred up more emotion that slavery was barbaric and immoral. Made Northerners more determined to stop it.Felt it was an exaggerated account of the lives of slaves.

Kansas-Nebraska Act

1854

This act allowed territories to choose whether they wanted to be free or slave state by popular sovereignty.

BOTHCaused “Bloody ” where both Northerners and Southerners poured into to vote for their side. Many were killed and injured.

John Brown’s Raid

John Brown led a slave rebellion by getting funds and support from Northern sympathizers. Tried to take an arsenal—was caught and hung

SOUTHAngry at Northern help and that Brown became a martyr fort he cause. North continued to urge more rebellion. Scared Southerners.