Exploring a Pollution Event Glenn Gehring, Technology Specialist III Tribal Air Monitoring Support (TAMS) Center Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals (ITEP) Northern Arizona University 541-612-0899 [email protected]http://www4.nau.edu/itep http://www4.nau.edu/tams
Exploring a Pollution Event . Glenn Gehring, Technology Specialist III Tribal Air Monitoring Support (TAMS) Center Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals (ITEP) Northern Arizona University 541-612-0899 [email protected] http://www4.nau.edu/itep http://www4.nau.edu/tams. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Exploring a Pollution Event
Glenn Gehring, Technology Specialist IIITribal Air Monitoring Support (TAMS) CenterInstitute for Tribal Environmental Professionals (ITEP)Northern Arizona [email protected]://www4.nau.edu/itephttp://www4.nau.edu/tams
Ozone and PM-2.5 Readily Transport long distances and React in the Atmosphere
Ozone is the Product of a Reaction Initiated by Light (Photochemical Reaction) in the Atmosphere; Ozone “Precursors,” such as NOx and VOCs are Emitted From Sources
Very important chemical reactions related to ozone:
Ozone Diurnal (daily) Patterns
Quapaw Site on July 22, 2004 – Site’s highest 8-hr Ozone
93 ppb as an 8-hour average
What were other 8-Hour ozone concentrations on July 22, 2004?
I selected ozone for one state at a time and merged the resulting data in a spreadsheet.
Since these data have spatial references for each monitoring site (lat, long) I can easily put this data into GIS software. Then I can use gradients to make higher concentrations appear as larger circles on the map.
Area 8-hr Ozone on July 22, 2004
Saint Louis
Memphis
Quapaw Site
Tulsa
KansasCity
Little Rock
OklahomaCity
I can also use GIS extensions to help illustrate.
8-hr Ozone on July 22, 2004 with Prediction Contours(ESRI Geostatistical Analyst)
Quapaw Site
I can use Air Data or other resources to get point source emissions data, map it and make the size of the circles proportional to emissions. I can also use NOAA’s Air Resources Laboratory’s HYSPLIT software to perform backward trajectories from monitoring sites on the day of concern.
July 22, 2004, 24-hour Backward Trajectories(NOAA Air Resource Laboratory HYSPLIT Model) proportional NOx point source emissions – 2002 EI
Quapaw Site
Now I have some suspect areas that may have contributed to the problem (something near the three coal-fired power plants). I can use ARL’s HYSPLIT software to run forward dispersions from the power plants to see where the model indicates their emissions were when I had the high concentration. In this example I set the model to average concentrations from 100 m to ground level and set it for a 48-hour release beginning 48-hours prior to the high concentration at the Quapaw site.
Oologah Power Plant 48-hr dispersion(NOAA Air Resource Laboratory HYSPLIT Model)
Quapaw Site
GRDA Power Plant 48-hr dispersion(NOAA Air Resource Laboratory HYSPLIT Model)
Quapaw Site
Muskogee Power Plant 48-hr dispersion(NOAA Air Resource Laboratory HYSPLIT Model)
Quapaw Site
Combined 48-hr dispersion(NOAA Air Resource Laboratory HYSPLIT Model)
Quapaw Site
Forward Trajectory from 3 Coal-Fired Power Plants on July 22, 2004(endpoints that are less than 10 meters AGL)
Forward Trajectory from 3 Coal-Fired Power Plants on July 22, 2004(endpoints that are less than 20 meters AGL)
NE Oklahoma Coal-Fired Power Plant NOx EmissionsSource: EPA AirData (1999 EI)
26.5% of Oklahoma facility NOx emissions are from Muskogee, Mayes and Rogers Counties (1999)
22.9% of Oklahoma facility NOx emissions are from three NE Oklahoma coal-fired power plants (1999)
WIND ROSE PLOT
Station #13968 - TULSA/INT'L ARPT, OK
NORTH
SOUTH
WEST EAST
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
Wind Speed (m/s)
> 11.06
8.49 - 11.06
5.40 - 8.49
3.34 - 5.40
1.80 - 3.34
0.51 - 1.80
COMPANY NAMEMODELER
PLOT YEAR-DATE-TIME
1984 1985 1987 1988 1989 1990 1992 1991 Mar 1 - Oct 318 AM - 6 PM
DATE
DISPLAY UNIT
CALM WINDSAVG. WIND SPEED
COMMENTS
PROJECT/PLOT NO.ORIENTATION
Direction(blowing from)
WRPLOT View 3.5 by Lakes Environmental Software - www.lakes-environmental.com
Tulsa Ozone Season Wind Rose,Lines Indicate the Direction the Wind Came FROM, and Colors Indicate Wind Speed(1984-1992, March 1 to October 31, from 8 AM to 6 PM)