Explorers & Settlements Chapter 4 Standard 8-1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the settlement of South Carolina and the United States by Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans. 8-1.2: Compare the motives, activities, and accomplishments of the exploration of South Carolina and North America by the Spanish, French, and English.
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Explorers & Settlements Chapter 4 Standard 8-1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the settlement of South Carolina and the United States.
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Explorers & Settlements
Chapter 4
Standard 8-1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the settlement of South Carolina and the United States by
Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans. 8-1.2: Compare the motives, activities, and accomplishments of the exploration of South Carolina and North America by the Spanish, French, and English.
Settlement Timeline• 1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on the remains of Charles
Fort’s• 1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on the remains Ft San
Felipe’s• 1607 Jamestown, VA is the First permanent English
settlement in America • 1619 Africans first arrive in America• 1663 Carolina colony given to Lord Proprietors
1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on Charles
Fort’s remains
1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on Ft San Felipe’s remains 1607 Jamestown, VA 1st
permanent settlement in Amercia
1619 Africans first arrive in America 1663 Carolina
colony given to Lord Proprietors
Chapter 4
European Renaissance
Kings (Spain, France, & England)
Planned to become richer and more powerful through trade and owning new lands They financed explorers to find new trade routes and new land to claimFrom the land, they hoped to get natural resources which they could use or sell; either way, they would get richer.
da Vinci’s helicopter diagramda Vinci’s parachute diagram
Chapter 4
Exploration CompetitionSpain, France, and England worked
for a foothold in SC as part of the competition for colonies that would enrich the mother country.
Spanish ExplorationMoney & Power
Trade ($) & Territory
Conquistadors (Spanish Explorers/Conquerors) Claimed large areas of Central & South America
Initially searched for Gold (The 3 G’s) in Florida, SC, and the American SouthwestSoon set up encomiendas (large plantations) on which natives were put to workDisease and overwork would decimated the native population
Chapter 4
3 G’s of Spanish Exploration:1. Gold2. God3. Glory
Spanish Exploration
The Spanish brought in African Slaves to work the plantations and mines to produce more wealth
Built cities & established universities
Brought their complex social class system & style of government
Their Catholic religion
Exploration
Francisco Gordillo (Spanish)•Sent by Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon to explore North America•1st to explore South Carolina•His voyage gave Spain claim to SC
Giovanni da Verrazano (Italian –working for France)•1524 sighted land just north of Myrtle Beach (today) •His voyage gave France claim to SC
Chapter 4
Exploration and Colonies
Hernando de Soto• April 1540 led an expedition across the
Savannah River• Entered Indian settlement Cofitachequi
– Stayed 2 weeks
• Moved towards present day North Carolina• Headed west & died in Mississippi River Area• 1st European to see the interior of South
Carolina
Chapter 4
ExplorationSan Miguel de Gualdalpe•1st settlement attempted in SC by Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon (Spanish)Located on the Waccamaw River (Near present-day Georgetown)
•Settlers included some African slaves from Santo DomingoSettlement wiped out by a cold winter, food shortages, and disease San Miguel was abandoned
Chapter 4
Spanish SettlementsFt. San Felipe (Spanish)Built on the abandoned settlement of Charlesfort, again trying to establish a foothold in SC This settlement survived for ten years until it was attacked by Native Americans Survivors fled to St. Augustine, Florida –1st permanent European settlement in North AmericaFt. San Marcos (Spanish)
oAttempted on same location as San FelipeoSent missionaries to convert natives to Catholicism oAnother Failed settlement
Chapter 4
French ExplorationSearching for the Northwest PassageSailed down the St. Lawrence River and
claimed the region for France. Established settlements at Montreal and
QuebecFrenchmen traveled along the rivers,
including the Mississippi River, and claimed those lands for France, naming it Louisiana after their king.
St. Lawrence River
French Exploration
Although relatively few Frenchmen settled in these cold climates, they brought their culture with them.
French Protestants (Huguenots)were not allowed to immigrate to the New World so the French colony was Catholic
French traders established good relations with the native peoples
Relied on the Natives for trade in furs.
Exploration
Charlesfort (French)Jean Ribault led Huguenots to America in 1562Built a fort near present day Beaufort (Parris Island)Named water Port RoyalLater abandoned
Chapter 4
English Exploration• English explorers also sailed along the coast of
North America, claiming these lands for the English King.– They would later establish permanent settlements
along the eastern coast naming them Virginia and New England.
• Some settlers were attracted to these regions by the hope for the discovery of gold & stayed to grow tobacco.
• Others were fleeing from religious persecution in England & founded societies based on their shared religious values
• All English settlers brought their culture, including their language, Protestant religions, and ideas about self-government, with them to the New World.
Exploration and ColoniesAlbemarle Point
•Settlement founded by English•Became the 1st permanent colony (Charles Town) in SC•The location offered many advantages to the settlers because of it’s natural harbors. •South Carolina became an economically important colony for the British.