Expanding your risk management toolbox - on- farm tools ...

Expandingyourriskmanagementtoolbox-on-farmtoolsforwaterqualityandpathogenmonitoring

FCOResearchConferenceFebruary1,2017

(GF20251FCO-HMGA)

Objective:

● DevelopPRACTICALmethodsthatgrowerscanuseto:● Trackmicrobialwaterquality–manageRISK● Monitorwatertreatmentsystemperformance● Proactivelymanagewaterqualitythroughoutthewholeproductionsystem

ConcernsforVegetable&HerbGrowers● Foodsafetyinproductionandprocessing● Regulations● Plantpathogensgoingbackontocropland

ConcernsforGreenhouseFlowerGrowers● Plantpathogensgoingintoproductionareasfromfreshorrecycledwater

● Treatmentsystemperformance

Generalwaterquality: Totalaerobicbacteria

3MPetrifilms

● 3MPetrifilmYeast&Mold

● Standardplatingmethods

● Sani-Checkdipslides

● AgDiateststrips

●DNAMultiscan(UofGLabServices)

Toolsforfungalplantpathogens

Sitecode F2Crop CutmixedSystem RecirculatingTreatment UV

DNAMultiscanscores

F2-3 F2-3 F2-3 F2-3 F2-3 F2-4 F2-4 F2-4 F2-4 F2-4Cistern1 Cistern1 Cistern1 Cistern1 Cistern1 Cistern2 Cistern2 Cistern2 Cistern2 Cistern214-May-12 5-Jun-12 5-Jul-12 1-Aug-12 15-Aug-12 14-May-12 5-Jun-12 5-Jul-12 1-Aug-12 15-Aug-12

Botrytiscinerea 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 1 1 0 0 0 0.00 -Fusariumoxysporum 1 0 0 1 1 1.00 0 1 1 1 0 0.50 50F.solani 1 0 0 1 1 1.00 1 1 1 1 1 1.00 0Phytophthorasp. 1 0 0 1 0 0.50 2 0 0 0 0 0.00 100P.cactorum 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -P.capsici 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -P.cinnamomi 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -P.cryplogea 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -P.drechsleri 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -P.fragariae 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -P.infestans 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -P.nicotianae 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -Pythiumsp. 3 1 1 1 1 1.00 4 3 1 1 0 0.50 50P.aphanidermatum 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -P.dissotocum 6 1 2 3 3 3.00 6 8 1 1 0 0.50 83P.irregulere 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -P.polymastum 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 1 0 0 0 0.00 -P.sylvaticum 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -P.ultimum 1 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -Rhizoctoniasolani 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -Sclerotiniasp. 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -Thielaviopsisbasicola 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -Verticilliumalbo-atrum 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -Verticilliumdahliae 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -V.dahliae(verlongisporum) 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 -

TargetOrganism

Average(August)

TreatedLeachorRunoffwater-untreatedSampleCode

Average(August)

SampleNameSamplingDate

Averagescore

reduction(Aug)%

Untreatedrecirc.water Treatedwater

OOPS!!

2weeksforresults

DNAMultiscantesting

Plantpathogenremovalbywoodchipbioreactor–DNAMultiscantesting

TargetOrganism

UntreatedSumpWater WoodchipBioreactorTreated

22May12

5June12

5July12

1Aug12

15Aug12

12June13

5Sept13

22May12

5June12

5July12

1Aug12

15Aug12

12June13

5Sept13

Botrytis 2 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Fusarium 0 1 1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1Phytophthora 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0Pythium 0 5 4 5 3 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0Rhizoctonia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Olpidium 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Sclerotinia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Thielaviopsis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Verticillium 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

$175-$225each

$2-$3each+time

3MPetrifilmforyeast&mold

2-3daystoresults

ProjectCooperatorsCooperator Crops Irrigationsystems Recirc? treatment

Greenhouses(7)

❑Cut❑Potted❑Bedding❑Vegetable

❑Flood•floor,•trough,•Dutchtray❑Drip❑Overhead

YES

❑UV(5)❑Clothfilter(7)❑Peroxide(2)❑Copper❑Chlorinedioxide❑ECA❑Ozone❑WoodchipBioreactor❑Constructedwetland

Vegetablegrowers/Washers

(8)

❑Carrots,beets,parsnips❑Greens❑Asianveg

❑Overheadirrigation❑Widerangeofwashingsystems

Some Nothingtoeverything!

Results-

ToolboxforMicrobialwaterqualityassessment

● 3MPetrifilms-ameasureofRISK● Totalyeast&mold–riskoffungalpathogens● Totalaerobicplatecount(bacterial)–generalwaterquality;riskofbiofilmdevelopmentinpipesanddrippers

● E.coliandtotalcoliforms(onlyiffoodsafetyisaconcern)

● DNAmultiscan–identifiesWHATisthere

Results-

Baselinemicrobialwaterqualitydata(2years)

● treatmentsystemperformanceandgeneralwatermanagement● 7greenhousesystems● 8vegetableproductionandprocessingsystems

● >3000Petrifilmanalyses!!

Typicalresults:treatmentsystemperformance

ECAtreatment

TotalY

east&M

old(cfu

/ml)

1

10

100

1000

27-Jul-19

11-Oct-19

26-Dec-19

11-Ma

r-20

26-May-20

TYM-pretreatmentTYM-posttreatment

Typicalresults:changesoverseasonandmanagement

Freshwatercisterns

cfu/

ml

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

1000000

10000000

13-Apr-19

28-Aug-19

12-Jan-20

28-May-20

12-Oct-20

TYMbackcisternAerobicbackcisternTY&MfrontcisternAerobicfrontcistern

On-sitecomparisons

Freshwatercistern

cfu/

ml

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

1000000

10000000

12-Apr-19

4-Sep-19

27-Jan-20

20-Jun-20

12-Nov-20

TYMbackcisternAerobicbackcisternTY&MfrontcisternAerobicfrontcisternAerobiconsiteTY&Monsite

ImplicationsforgrowersTo

talY

east&M

old(C

FU/m

l)

0

1

10

100

1000

10000

TotalDNAMultiscanScore

0 8 15 23 30C1-recirc C2-recircpostUV C3-pond-postUV PondCollectionPit

IncreasedRisk

LowRisk

RISKDetermination

• Lowcounts • Consistentresults • TreatmentsystemOK • ScoutinglooksOK • Trackchangesinlevelswith

watersourceschanges(e.g.pondvsroof)

• Highcounts • Inconsistentresults • Unusualspikesindata • SendforDNAmultiscan? • Extrascoutingforissues? • Check/maintaintreatmentequipment? • Cleantanks,includingfeedtanks

Equipmentalternatives

$159atAmazon.ca$373atAmazon.com

OR

ORRoomtemperatureforAerobicandY&M

OR

Otherparameters

● Teststrips/metersforsanitizerresidualsandotherchemicals● peroxide● chlorine–free&total● chlorinedioxide ● pH● ammonia● nitrate● phosphate

NextSteps

● Workshops–February:● Niagaraarea● HollandMarsharea

● OrderingsuppliesandequipmentthroughFCO● SOONplease!!!!!

● Contactus:● AnnHuber,SRG;[email protected]● JeanineWest,FCO;[email protected]

Acknowledgements● FlowersCanada(Ontario)Inc.,● HollandMarshGrowersAssociation&LSGBCUFproject,● SteeringCommitteeMembers,and● OurGrowers!!

ThisprojectwasfundedinpartthroughGrowingForward2(GF2),afederal-provincial-territorial-initiative.The

AgriculturalAdaptationCouncilassistsinthedeliveryofGF2inOntario.