Exercises_Manual.pptx

7/26/2019 Exercises_Manual.pptx

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Exercise 1: Perception

Do you see anything else than the parrot?

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:





Smooth Seismic

Manual Horizon Int

Autotrack Horizon

Grid Map

Create

Attriute Maps

!ault Interpret

Map "diting and

Manipulation

Seismic Data

!ault Interpret

Seismic

Data

#ariance

cue

!inal Structural

Maps and

$rospect Maps

Input

%lend Maps&

Amplitude with

#ariance

%lend Maps&

Structure with

#ariance

Depth

con'ersion

Attriute Maps (depositional

syst)Data preparation

Interpretation

Map generation

Deli'erales

#ariance cue

%efore we start doing any interpretation we will screen the seismic data) *pen a +D window or

an interpretation window and start to look at the seismic 'olume)

,ry to answer the following -uestions&. Make some comments aout the data -uality. /hat is the polarity and phase of the data?. Do you see any depositional features?. Can you say something aout the depositional en'ironment?

Link to Petrel click-through manual index

Exercise 2 - Screen original data



Smooth Seismic

Exercise 3 - Structural Smoothing

Manual Horizon Int

Autotrack Horizon

Grid Map

Create

Attriute Maps

!ault Interpret

Map "diting and

Manipulation

Seismic Data

!ault Interpret

Seis

mic

Data

#aria

nce

cue

!inal StructuralMaps and

$rospect Maps

Input

%lend Maps&

Amplitude with

#ariance

%lend Maps&Structure with

#ariance

Depth

con'ersion

Attriute Maps (

depositional


Interpretation

Map generation

Deli'erales

#ariance cue

/e will now make a structurally smoothed cue)

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. Generate a structurally smoothed cue



Smooth Seismic

Exercise ! - Screen the dataset using a "ariance "olume

Manual Horizon Int

Autotrack Horizon

Grid Map

Create

Attriute Maps

!ault Interpret

Map "diting and

Manipulation

Seismic Data

!ault Interpret

Seismic

Data

#ariance

cue

!inal Structural

Maps and

$rospect Maps

Input

%lend Maps&

Amplitude with

#ariance

%lend Maps&

Structure with

#ariance

Depth

con'ersion

Attriute Maps (depositional


Interpretation

Map generation

Deli'erales

#ariance cue

/e will now ha'e an e0ercise on how to use the correlation ased 'ariance techni-ue in

screening for geomorphology)

. Create a 'ariance 'olume ased on the original input seismic)

. Screen the 'olume with time slices

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. Generate a "ariance cue



Generate a 'ariance 'olume and

screen the dataset using time

slices)

. !ind at least threegeomorphological elements from

the 'ariance 'olume). ,ry to descrie what these

elements are using a 'ariance

time slice and a seismic section

through them). /hat kind of depositional

en'ironment are we looking at1

and why do you think so?

,wo or three groups will present

their findings)

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. Generate a "ariance cue

Exercise ! - Screen the dataset using a "ariance "olume



Exercise # $ %ntroduction to seismic interpretation

%nline 1!2&'

%nline 1!!()

%nline 1!!()

,hree geomorphological elements are shown on the

seismic sections on this slide)

A) Interpret the three elements)

%) Create gridded surfaces from your interpretations)

C) "0tract 'ariance along the gridded surfaces)

D) Display the surfaces with 'ariance in a 2D or +D

window)

3) How does the geomorpholigcal elements look like

in map 'iew?

2) /hat kind of interpretatin approach did use and

why?

+) Are your assumptions aout the depositional

en'ironment from e0ercise 3 4 + still 'alid?Link to Petrel click-through manual index:



Exercise ) $ *utotracking using one seed point

Insert new horizons in the interpretation folder called

Exercise 5 in your $etrel pro5ect)

*pen 0line 6+7+ and pick a seed point along the reflector

shown in the image elow 8pick in a through99:

,ry out seeded autotracking on this reflector inside the

polygon gi'en using the wa'elet tracker1 %asic +0+1

#alidated +0+ and #alidated 606) ,est with 'arying

parameters to see what works)

Link to Petrel click-through manual:. +here to set the autotracking parameters. *utotracking parameters. ,asic 3x3 autotracker . alidated 3x3 autotracker . alidated #x# autotracker . +a"elet tracking

. Parent . child points



Exercise & $ Paintrush autotracking

/e will try the paintrush autotracking techni-ue

on the seaed)

Insert a new seismic horizon in the interpetation

folder called Exercise 6 and open the settings on

the new seismic horizon) In the autotracking ta

set the autotracking parameters)

/hen this is done interpret the seaed along one

seed line in a seismic interpretation window eforeyou go ack to the 2D window and do the rest of

the interpretation using the paintrush tracker)

,est out different autotracking parameters)

;ememer to use the shading effect)

Is it possile to autotrack the full sur'ey) If no1 why

does the tracker reak down?Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. +here to set the autotracking parameters. *utotracking parameters. ,asic 3x3 autotracker . alidated 3x3 autotracker . alidated #x# autotracker . +a"elet tracking. Paintrush tracking. *cti"e ox autotracking/*utotrack inside polygon. Shading e00ect in 2D indos



Exercise 'a - anual interpretation

%nline 1#31

Part 1:

*pen the Interpration folder called Exercise 7 in your $etrel pro5ect and turn on the horizon and polygon in a 2D window)

*pen inline 36+3< in an Interpretation window and continue the interpretation using a line increment of 327 in oth directions

inside the polygon called Exercise - Manual Interpretation) Make a surface when you ha'e finnished)

Do you resol'e the fault pattern using a line increment of 327?

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. %nsert ne hori4on interpretation. %nterpretation toolar . Seeded 2D autotracking. Guided autotracking. anual interpretation. Pre"ious and next pro5ection. intage selection. Ghost $ comparing seismic. 6ori4on 0lattening. Displaying a polygon in an interpretation indo

Part 2:

Continue the interpretation with a denser infill inside the smaller

polygon called Exercise - Manual interpretation detailed.

Make a surfaces while interpreting1 how dense do you need to map

efore the faults are 'isualized properly?

7ne group presents their ork8



Exercise ' - 9o-lending sur0aces

=se the gridded surface you made from the first

pass of interpretation you did on 327 line

increment in e0ercise >a)

Apply a horizon smoothing to you inital surface),ake a copy of this surface so you ha'e two

identical surfaces)

"0tract 'ariance onto one of the surfaces&

A) Display the structure map in a 2D window

%) Display the map with e0tracted 'ariance in

the same widnow and change to the Co-

blending color tale)

3) How much smoothing did you apply to you

surface?

2) /here you now ale to resol'e the fault

pattern on the surface generated from the

coarse interpretation?

+) In which cases are dense interpretation

needed and when is it sufficient to use a

coarse interpretation?

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. %nsert ne hori4on interpretation. %nterpretation toolar . Seeded 2D autotracking. Guided autotracking. anual interpretation. Pre"ious and next pro5ection. intage selection. Ghost $ comparing seismic. 6ori4on 0lattening. 9o-lending



Exercise : 9omined interpretation approach

%nline 1#)3

*pen the interpretation folder

called Exercise 8 ) Display the

seed line 8inline 36+<:

interpretation and complete

the interpretation accordingthe techni-ue descried

ao'e)

Make a surface and e0tract

attriutes)

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. %nsert ne hori4on interpretation. %nterpretation toolar . Seeded 2D autotracking. Guided autotracking. anual interpretation. Pre"ious and next pro5ection. intage selection. Ghost $ comparing seismic. 6ori4on 0lattening. 9o-lending. 9reate random lines. ,ulk shi0t a sur0ace



Exercise 1(: *ttriute extraction 0rom seismic data

Link to Petrel click through manual index:. Gridding a sur0ace. Displaying a sur0ace. Smoothing o0 sur0aces. Sur0ace editing peak remo"er;. *ttriute extractions:

. %nstantaneous extractions

. olume extractions. 9olor tales 0or extracted attriute maps

. Parallel hori4on slicing

. %soproportional hori4ons slicing

*pen the folder named Exercise 10 ) "0tract ;MS

amplitudes and 'ariance in 'arying windows along the

surfaces in found in the folder)



Exercise 11 $ *ttriute extraction using hori4on slicing

Compare parallel and proportional horizon slicing

etween the Seaed and the %lue Marker 8e0ercise

surfaces found in the folder called Exercise 9.

,asks&- =se 3@@ ms e0traction and ad'ance windows for the parallel

slicing)- =se 36 numer of repeats for proportional slicing- "0tract 'ariance on a separate surface using proportional

slicing 8same numer of repeats:)- ;ememer the shading effect)

,ry to answer&- /here and why does the horizontal slicing techni-ue reak

down?- Do you oser'e any change in channel distriution and

geometries through time?- /hat more can e seen after the 'ariance cue is co

lended with the amplitudes?

Link to Petrel click through manual index:. Gridding a sur0ace. Displaying a sur0ace. Smoothing o0 sur0aces. Sur0ace editing peak remo"er;. *ttriute extractions:

. %nstantaneous extractions

. olume extractions. 9olor tales 0or extracted attriute maps. Parallel hori4on slicing. %soproportional hori4ons slicing

ake screendumps o0 the attriute maps

7ne or to groups presents their 0indings



Exercise 12 $ %sochore maps

*pen the interpretation folder called

Exercise 10 )

3) Draw a polygon around the

interpretations found in the folder

in a 2D window)

2) Make a surface inside the

polygon for oth interpretations)

+) Make an isochore map etween

the two horizons)

B) Drape the isochore onto the top

surface and ase surface)

6) Display the isochore map in a +D

window)

Link to Petrel click through manual index:. Gridding a sur0ace. Displaying a sur0ace. Smoothing o0 sur0aces. Sur0ace editing peak remo"er;. aking a polygon. Generating thickness maps. Draping a thickness map onto a structure map



Exercise 13 $ <ault "i4uali4ation

*pen a +D window and turn on the surface

found in the folder called Exercise 12 )

!ind an optimal 'iew that est illustratesthe faults on the surface) #ary the scale

on the +D window to see the effect of

'ertical e0aggeration)

Make a copy of the surface and e0tract

'ariance from it) Colend the maps as we

did in "0ercise 7)

,oggle on a directional light using the light

source tool and try to enhance the faults

further)

,ake a screendump of your final +D 'iew

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. Light source tool



Exercise 1! $ ulti-= interpretation

Multiz surfaces is a great tool to 'isualize comple0 geoodies such as salt diapirs1 channels etc)

In this e0ercise we will map one salt diapir using a Multi horizon in $etrel)

*pen the interpretation folder called Exercise 13) Insert a new Multi

interpretation and interpret the salt diapir inside the polygon)

Create a triangle mesh and display the mesh in a +D window)

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. %nsert ne ulti= hori4on. %nterpret ulti= hori4on. 9ontinue interpretation on a ulti= hori4on. Display settings 0or ulti= hori4ons. Snapping a ulti= hori4on. >ormals on a ulti= interpretation. 9reating a triangle mesh. Displaying a polygon in an interpretation indo



Exercise 1#a $ olume rendering

Make a %o0 proe that co'ers the seafloor channel)

=se opacity to 'isualize the channel

Stepwise description is found in link elow)

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. olume rendering



Exercise 1# $ Geoody %nterpretation

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. Geoody interpretation

Geoody e0traction of the sill&

. Go to inline 3B<<@

. Create a %o0 proe that co'ers the sill

. ,ry out the two different e0traction methods

. Create an interpretation from the geolo)

Group presentation??

Sill



Exercise 1) - 3D 0igure in Petrel

!ollow the step y step description gi'en

in the link elow and make a +D figure)

=se a colended map that you ha'e

created in the course)

Group presentation??

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. 3D 0igure in Petrel. ake a 0lat sur0ace

E i 1 G i /Si l id i li i



Exercise 1&: Geosections/Simple grids "isuali4ation

Link to Petrel click-through manual index:. Geosections

!ollow the step y step description gi'en in the link elow and make a geosection figure)

=se the surfaces and polygon found in the folder called Exercise 16 )



E@EA9%SE 1' $ 3D "isuali4ation

In this last e0ercise we want you to use e'erything we ha'e gone through during the course) ou will make

a $ower$oint presentation that descries the geomorphology found in the dataset) /e ha'e practiced

se'eral techni-ues on how to 'isualize geology in map 'iew 82D 4 +D windows:) ,he goal of this e0ercise is

to use these techni-ues and make -uality images showing the indi'idual geomorphological features you

find)3) Start with the framework horizons you in your $etrel $ro5ect) Screen through the dataset and look for

geomorphological features using the attriute slicing techni-ues) Start with the following framework

horizonsE Seaed1 Intra Fegoene1 %lue Marker1 "ocene =nconformity1 ,op maastrichtian 4 ,op

Campanian&

a: Make structure maps colended with 'ariance on all framework horizons

: Make ;MS amplitude maps colended with 'ariance on all framework horizons

c: Make isochore maps colended with 'ariance on all framework horizonsd: Identify geomorphological features on these maps and descrie what they might e)

2) Select one geomorphological feature from the maps generated)

a: Interpret this feature in detail using the appropriate interpretation approach)

: Generate surfaces from you interpretations

c: Make at least the following images&. *ne or two +D figures. Structure1 attriute 8and isochore: maps in 2D and +D windows

. Seismic sections through the feature

. #olume rendering if possile

. Any other illustration you think will 'isualize the feature) %e creati'e)

+) If you ha'e time1 'isualize more geomorphological features or look at the horizons elow the

Campanian)

SELE9BED GA7CPS +%LL PAESE>B B6E%A +7A??

Link to Petrel click-through manual index



Petrel Cser guide

,he following slides is a guide on how to practically in $etrel sol'e

some of the e0ercises) All Clickthrough guides are hyperlinked

ack to the e0ercise where they are needed)



Petrel Cser guide - %ndex

*utotracking parameters

,ump mapping

,ulk shi0t o0 sur0aces

9olors 0or attriute maps

9o-lending

9reate a random line

9reate ne hori4on interpretation

9reate a 0lat sur0ace

Displaying a polygon in an interpretation indo

Displaying a sur0ace

Displaying seismic data

ES9 key

Geoody interpretation

Geosections

%ntersection player

%sochore and isopach maps

Light Sourceaking a polygon

anipulating color scales

anipulating seismic pro0iles

anual interpretation $ set acti"e sur0ace

anual interpretation $ toolar

anual interpretation $ Seeded 2D autotracking

anual interpretation $ Guided autotracking

anual interpretation

anual interpretation $ Pre"ious/next pro5ection

anual interpretation $ intage selection

anual interpretation $ Ghost 0unction

anual interpretation $ 6ori4on 0lattening

ulti= $ insert ne hori4on

ulti= $ %nterpret ulti= hori4on

ulti= $ 6o to continue an interpretation

ulti= $ Display settings

ulti= $ Snapping a ulti= interpretation

ulti= $ >ormals on ulti= interpretations

ulti= $ 9reating a triangle mesh

75ect settings

Paintrush tracking and acti"e ox trackingParallel hori4on slicing

Parent and child relationship - autotracking

Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise ! Exercise # Exercise ) Exercise & Exercise 'a

Exercise ' Exercise Exercise 1( Exercise 11 Exercise 12 Exercise 13 Exercise 1!

Exercise 1#a Exercise 1# Exercise 1) Exercise 1& Exercise 1'



Bhe 3D indo 1/3

Bhe 3D indo is the most "ersatile "ieing mode and is use0ul 0or displaying grids and

seismic data in perspecti"e ut it is also the most dynamic en"ironment 0or seismic

interpretation8

,o open a +D window select a +D window

under the -uick access toolar 8 A: or from the

Home-Window in the rion menu 8%:)

Cser Guide %ndex

*

,



Bhe 3D indo is the most "ersatile "ieing mode and is use0ul 0or displaying grids and

seismic data in perspecti"e ut it is also the most dynamic en"ironment 0or seismic

interpretation8

All manipulation of the +D window can e done

using the mouse uttons 3 and 2 8mouse utton +

right utton is reser'ed for conte0t sensiti'e

options:

M%3& ;otate(mo'e

M%2& $an

M%3(M%2& zoom

Howe'er1 as M%2 is a scrollwheel on most pc mice

it is not always suitale for the purpose) A good

alternati'e is to use the Ctrl and Shift keys on the

keyoard in comination with mouse utton 3&

M%3& ;otate(mo'e

M%3(Ctrl& $an

M%3(Ctrl(Shift& oom

,his sounds cumersome1 ut is actually 'ery

con'enient since the left hand is generally held in

this position on the keyoard anyway in order to

reach the Esc key 8more on this later)):

*dditional tricks:3) /hen zooming(manipulating the +D window ecomes difficult

reset the rotation a0is y clicking the targeted oom icon

2) +D windows may ecome corrupt1 if this happens delete the

window and create a new +D window)

Cser Guide %ndex

Bhe 3D indo 2/3

Bh 3D i d 3/3



Bools/options to control the appearance o0 the 3D indo are 0ound in the indo tool ar8

Cser Guide %ndex

Bhe 3D indo 3/3

ie toolFAotate andmanipulate"ie

Select/picktoolF Selecto5ectmanipulatioo0 "irtual"olumes

easure distancetool: easuredistance eteenpoints

anipulate planetool: use toscroll 3D seismic

isualise onintersectiontool

Aestrict modetool: Aestrictinterpretationdisplay to pro0ile

Light toolon/o00

Domaineselection

6omepositiontools

ie all

iepresets

=oom tool/set rotationpoint

erticalexaggeration

7rthogonalon/o00

*rti0icialhori4on

9ameralinking

9ursortracking

,ackgroundlack/hite

Displayelements

Exportgraphics

9leardisplay

Pin toolar

Bh 2D i d 1/!



,o open a 2D window select a 2D window

under the -uick access toolar 8 A: or from the


Cser Guide %ndex

Bhe 2D indo 1/!

*

,

Bh 2D i d 2/!



. Good for making screen dumps in map 'iew

. Fa'igation is slightly different from the +D window&

. M%3& $an. M%3(Ctrl(shift& zoom and scale horizontally and 'ertically y mo'ing mouse up(down and left(right

Cser Guide %ndex

Bhe 2D indo 2/!

Bh 2D i d 3/!



Bhe 2D indo 3/!

%n the 2D indo it is possile to apply a shading e00ect to your hori4on interpretation8 Bhis is a ene0it

since it pro"ides the interpreter ith an instant aareness o0 structural and geomorphic 0eatures through

he ork process8

Cser Guide %ndex

Autotracked horizon ithout 'ertical e0ageration

Bh 2D i d !/!



Bhe 2D indo !/!

Cser Guide %ndex

%n the 2D indo it is possile to apply a shading e00ect to your hori4on interpretation8 Bhis is a ene0it

since it pro"ides the interpreter ith an instant aareness o0 structural and geomorphic 0eatures through

he ork process8

Autotracked horizon ith 'ertical e0ageration

Bh i t t ti i d 1/2



*

,

Bhe interpretation indo 1/2

,o open an interpretation window select an interpretation

window under the -uick access toolar 8 A: or from the


or

right click on an inline or crossline under a seismic cue

in the input Explorer tab and select create Interpretation

window.

Cser Guide %ndex

Bh i t t ti i d 2/2



Bhe interpretation indo 2/2

Cross line selector Scaling seismic Scaling 'ieport

Scaling of this window can e done y using thescaling icons in the main icon ar or y&- Ctrl(Shift(M%3 comined with right(left or

up(down mo'ement for zooming and

stretching)

Cser Guide %ndex

Seismic 0ile types 1/3



,ricked seismic data

Seismic 0ile types

In $etrel +D seismic is loaded as ricked seismic) ,his means that the seismic trace is translated into ricks

which are three dimensional pi0els) *ne single rick represents a sample(trace) %ricked seismic makes it possile

to effecti'ely display large amounts of data) %ricked seismic data looks silly without interpolation and is not suitale

for interpretation) Interpolation is re-uired to appro0imate the original trace seismic)

Cser Guide %ndex

1/3




,ricked seismic data display ith ilinear interpolation

Seismic 0ile types





Cser Guide %ndex

2/3




,ricked seismic data displayed ith smooth interpolation

Seismic 0ile types





Cser Guide %ndex

3/3

Seismic pro0iles and color scales 1/!



Seismic pro0iles and color scales

,he seismic interpretation community is largely di'ided into two groups when it comes to color talesE twocomponent lack to

white1 or three component with a distinction of the zero crossing)

,his seems to e something that many interpreters ne'er will agree upon) It should e recognized that oth approaches may e

eneficial under gi'en circumstances) ,ypically1 a uniform grayscale can e useful in 'isualizing largescale geometries and

structural geology1 while a threecomponent scale enhances continuity and makes it easier to pick an e'ent)

Cser Guide %ndex

1/!










Cser Guide %ndex

2/!










Cser Guide %ndex

3/!



Displaying seismic data 1/2




=nder settings on a seismic cue it is possile to change the color scale)

Cser Guide %ndex

1/2

Displaying seismic data 2/2




=nder settings on a seismic cue it is possile to change the color scale)

Cser Guide %ndex

2/2

+iggle traces



+iggle traces

3) *pen settings for theseismic 'olume)

,oggle on the wiggle

option in the Style ta)

2) Select wiggle inter'al

+) "nter a manual gain

factor

B) Switch off itmap for

pure wiggle display

In the Interpretation window the 'ariale density display 8itmap: can easily e comined with

wiggle traces)

3

2

+

Cser Guide %ndex

Displaying a polygon in an interpretation indo 1/2




Cser Guide %ndex

*

,9

*pen the settings dialog for the polygon

8 A:)

In the info ta 8%: make sure that the

,emplate 8C: is Elevation Time when

working with time migrated seismic data)

D

E

<

*g to the style ta 8D:1 and toggle on Show

!ertical curtain intersections onl" 8":)

$ress Apply 8!:)

1/2

Displaying a polygon in an interpretation indo 2/2




Cser Guide %ndex

$olygon is now displayed on your seismic)

2/2

anipulating Seismic pro0iles



anipulating Seismic pro0iles

Seismic profiles can e selected(mo'ed y using the manipulate plane or y using the

intersection player 8ne0t slide:)

Click on the manipulate plane icon

Click and drag a seismic profile in

the +D window to mo'e the selected

+D line1 random line or time slice

=se Ctrlshift and M%3 and drag torotate a random line intersection)

Cser Guide %ndex

%ntersection player



%ntersection player

Cser Guide %ndex

+hen a seismic intersection inline xline random line; is selected in a 2D 3D or interpretation indo

an intersection player appears in Petrel that can e used to manou"er in a systematic manner8

ake sure an inline xline random line or a time slice is acti"e old; in the %nput tree8

*lign plane e8g8 >orth/South

or East /+est

Snap intersection

to point

Player

Line increment

isualise on

plane utton

,ump apping 1/3



,ump apping

Cser Guide %ndex

%ump mapping is a shading techni-ue on a

seismic profile that enhances features on the

seismic line) It can help in 'isualizing

structural features such as faults and salt)

,his feature only works in the +D window)

1/3

,ump apping 2/3



,ump apping

S e t t i ng s *

,

9

=nder Style ta 8 A: found in thesettings for the seismic cue do

the following&

3) "nale ump mapping 8%:)

2) Ad5ust the %ump scale 8C:)

Cser Guide %ndex






2/3

,ump apping 3/3



,ump apping

Cser Guide %ndex






3/3

ES9 key



ES9 key

An important feature to allow rapid swapping etween important tasks is the use of the "sc key to switch

etween the 'iewing mode and the task you are working on)

In the 'iewing mode it is possile to zoom1 pan etc)

/hen working in a certain process in $etrel 8such as seismic interpretation1 make

polygons etc: the escape key is an easy way to switch ack and forth etween the

process and 'iewing mode )

,his works etween most processes in $etrel such as horizon interpretation1 deleting1

polygon operations1 fault interpretation etc)

#iewing mode

anipulating color scales 1/3



anipulating color scales

All maps1 seismic 'olumes and horizon interpretations ha'e a color tale assigned to it) In $etrel

it is easy to manipulate the color tales)

A) Gloal color template manipulation&• All a'ailale color templates in $etrel

are found in #emplates Explorer #ab)

In $2@3B there is a distinction

etween tales and templates)

• It is possile to create new color

tales and manipulate the colors in an

e0isting tale)

• 9hanges in a gloal color tale

applies the colors o0 all o5ects

using this tale8

Cser Guide %ndex

1/3




p g%) ocal color tale manipulation&

. It is possile to change the color tale locally on an o5ect in $etrel such as a seismic cue or surface)

. ;ight click on the o5ect in the Input "0plorer ,a and select Show settings) Go into the Colors ta and select the

prefered gloal color tale) Select local color tale1 copy the properties from the gloal color tale and apply

'alues suitale for the selected o5ect) Bhese changes only applies to the selected item8

Cser Guide %ndex

%t usually makes most sense to manipulate

structural map color as a local color tale

using limits 0rom the map o5ect




p g

Cser Guide %ndex

Set max

Aeset color

tale

Set discreteinter"als

%n"ert color

tale7pacity cur"e

Set min

*

*

*cti"ecolorsegment

9olor peg - ,

Gloal tale de0ault;

Local tale

Local tale limits

Set extreme "alues *;8 o"e indi"idual color

y dragging the color

pegs on the le0t side o0the color ar ,;8

%nsert more color

markers y clicking

eteen color pegs8 Set gradient eteen

to color pegs y

toggling >on lineargradient and mo"e

handle to ad5ust 9;8

75ect settings



5 g

"'ery o5ect in $etrel ha'e a Settings dialog

attached to it)

,o open the Settings dialog right click on an o5ect

in the Input "0plorer ,a1 and select Showsettings)

,he Settings dialog contains se'eral tas

depending on the type of o5ect 8if it is a surface1

horizon1 seismic cue etc): =nder the tas it is

possile to change parameters1 change display

style1 manipulate1 do calculations1 find statisticalinformation etc) to the o5ect)

Cser Guide %ndex

+orking in computer memory 1/)



g p y

Seismic data in $etrel can either e reali4ed seismic data or "irtual seismic data)

;ealized seismic data 8 A: is a ricked seismic file) ,hisis a physical 'olume and you will find the actual seismic

file in your $etrel pro5ect) ,hese files are fast to work

with and can e loaded into cache 8descried on ne0t

slides:)

#irtual seismic data 8%: is a 'olume in $etrel were only

the parameters related to the data are stored) ,his is

not a physical file and takes no space on disk) #irtualdata is generated on the fly and is only linked to the

original data) #irtual data can also e loaded to

memory)

;ealized and 'irtual 'olumes ha'e different symols in

$etrel1 and a 'irtual 'olume will always e a sucue)

How to make a 'irtual 'olume is descried on the ne0tslides)

*

,




g p y

A feature in $etrel called $refetch to cache is a type of uffering that allows for a more efficient

rowsing of large data 'olumes1 reducing the streaming to a minimum)

. Make a 'irtual 'olume y right clicking on a seismiccue and select Insert !irtual cropped !olume 8 A:)

*




g p y

A feature in $etrel called $refetch to cache is a type of uffering that allows for a more efficient


. Make a 'irtual 'olume y right clicking on a seismiccue and select insert !irtual cropped !olume 8 A:)

. A new 'irtual cue appears as a sucue 8%:)

,

+orking in computer memory !/)



g y

A feature in $etrel called $refetch to cahce is a type of uffering that allows for a more efficient




. ,rim the new 'irtual 'olume to a size aout >@J of

your computer ;AM) ,his can e done interacti'ely

in the +D window or y using the crop ta 8C: in thesettings dialog)

9

+orking in computer memory #/)









in the +D window or y using the crop ta 8C: in thesettings dialog) ,o re'iew the cue size go to the

*perations ta 8D: and see the new file size 8":)

D

E

+orking in computer memory )/)









in the +D window or y using the crop ta 8C: in thesettings dialog) ,o re'iew the cue size go to the

*perations ta 8D: and see the new file size 8":)

. /hen the realized 'olume size 8": is aout >@J of

your ;AM1 you right click on the cue and select

prefetch to cache % & ') %y doing this you ha'e your

seismic in the computer memory and you reduce

streaming and increase performance)

<

Structural smoothing

1/



,o generate a structural smoothed 'olume open the "olume

attriute process from the seismic interpretation menu 8A:1y rightclicking on a seismic cue and select (olume

attributes from the menu 8%: or rightclick on a seismic section

in a +D or interpretation window 8C:)

%oth methods will open a new window 8D:)

,his is the way to generate all seismic attriutes in $etrel)

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Cser Guide %ndex

D

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Select Structural smoothing from the list of attriutes 8": and hit apply)

Structural smoothing 2/



In the new window we set all the parameters needed to generate the 'olume attriute& A: ,ype of attriute 8F%) lea'e the realize untoggled like default:

%: Input data

C: *utput data 8a name is automatically gi'en if left empty:

D: $arameters related to the selected attriute)

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Cser Guide %ndex

Structural smoothing 3/



/hen all parameters ha'e een set1 hit apply(ok and a new 'irtual structural smoothed 'olume will appear in the Input ,a in

$etrel 8":) ,his seismic can e displayed 5ust like any other cue in the +D window or in the interpretation window)

E

Cser Guide %ndex

Structural smoothing !/



,o change the parameters interacti'ely while displaying a line through the cue

rightclick on the 'irtual 'olume attriute cue and select Interacti!e

parameter control 8!: and a new window 8G: appears where you can change

the 'olume attriute parameters)

<

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Cser Guide %ndex

Structural smoothing #/



It is important to test the smoothing parameters using the interacti'e parameter control efore you realize the smoothed seismic

data) ,he three parameters to test is the Sigma K1 4 ) ,o high Sigma 'alues can affect the fre-uencies and reduce the

amplitudes of the data and should e kept low) ,he Sigma K 4 may ha'e higher numers)

,he e0ample elow compared original data with different smoothing parameters)

7riginal un-smoothed data8

Cser Guide %ndex

Structural smoothing )/



Sigma @ H Sigma I H 18( / Sigma = H (8#





Cser Guide %ndex

Structural smoothing &/








Cser Guide %ndex

Structural smoothing '/








Cser Guide %ndex

Structural smoothing /



/hen the smoothing parameters are set it is time to realize the structurally smoothed cue 8make a physical file:) ;ightclick on

the 'irtual cue and select ;ealize 8 A:) ,he settings window will come up 8%:1 click on realize in this window 8C:) After a while a

new realized structurally smoothed cue will appear in the input ta 8D:)

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Cser Guide %ndex

Bhe ariance cue 1/&



Cser Guide %ndex

,o generate a 'ariance 'olume open the "olume attriute

process from the seismic interpretation menu 8A:1 y rightclicking on a seismic cue and select (olume attributes from

the menu 8%: or rightclick on a seismic section in a +D or

interpretation window 8C:)

%oth methods will open a new window 8D:)

,his is the way to generate all seismic attriutes in $etrel)

*9

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Bhe ariance cue 2/&



In the new window we set all the parameters needed to generate the 'olume attriute& A: ,ype of attriute 8F%) lea'e the realize untoggled like default:

%: Input data

C: *utput data 8a name is automatically gi'en if left empty:

D: $arameters related to the selected attriute)

*

,

9

D

Cser Guide %ndex

Bhe ariance cue 3/&



/hen all parameters ha'e een set1 hit apply(ok and a new 'irtual 'ariance 'olume will appear in the Input ,a in $etrel 8":) ,his

seismic can e displayed 5ust like any other cue in the +D window or in the interpretation window)

E

Cser Guide %ndex

Bhe ariance cue !/&



,o change the parameters interacti'ely while displaying the cue

rightclick on the 'irtual 'olume attriute cue and select Interacti!e

parameter control 8!: and a new window 8G: appears where you can change

the 'olume attriute parameters)

<

G

Cser Guide %ndex

Bhe ariance cue #/&



,he only parameter that we really need

to worry aout when generating a

'ariance 'olume is the (ertical

smoothing factor) How to set it really

depends on the purpose of the 'ariancecue)

Here are few rules of thum&

3) =se a fairly low 'ertical smooth

factor when 'isualizing depositional

features) %y using a low 'ertical

smooth factor some of the edding

remains 'isile and features do not

lend into layers they donLt elong

8thus creating contamination

effects:)ertical smooth 0actor: 1(

>otice ho layering gradually 0ades ith increased "ertical smooth 0actor

Cser Guide %ndex

Bhe ariance cue )/&
















effects:)

2) !ault 'isualization re-uires higher

'ertical smooth 'alues to make the

faults more continuous)

Depositional features may ee0cessi'ley smoothed and difficult

to 'isualize)

ertical smooth 0actor: 2(


Cser Guide %ndex

Bhe ariance cue &/&
















effects:)

2) !ault 'isualization re-uires higher

'ertical smooth 'alues to make the

faults more continuous)

Depositional features may ee0cessi'ley smoothed and difficult

to 'isualize)

+) !or anttracking e'en more 'ertical

smoothing is needed for impro'ed

fault continuity

ertical smooth 0actor: !(

%y increasing the 'ertical smooth factor more geologyis mi0ed in the 'ariance cue) Sometimes you need

more than one 'ariance cue)


Cser Guide %ndex

Sur0ace generation in Petrel 1/#



In $etrel we ha'e to enter the process called a!e "ur#ace to generate a grid),his is found in the in the ;ions menu 8 A: or from the mini toolar 8%:) A new

window appear 8C:)

*

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Cser Guide %ndex




In the Make surface dialog you specify the input to gridding

8 A:1 this is most commonly a horizon interpretation)

,he resulting surface will ha'e the same name as the

input unless specified 8%:)

It is possile to use a polygon as a oundary for the output

grid 8C:1 the polygon needs to e closed)

It is possile to grid with polygons defining faults as input

to the surface generation 8D:)

In the Geometry ta 8":1 you define the size of your grid

8grid increment1 !:) In this course we will use a grid

increment of 26 meter)

If your gridding fails rememer to check if the )utomatic

%from input data*boundar"' is toggled on 8G:)

* ,

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In the Algorithm ta 8H: it is possile to select etween

different gridding algorithms 8I:)

,he settings options will change according to the selected

algorithm 8:)

6

%

J

Cser Guide %ndex

Sur0ace generation in Petrel !/#



In the /ell ad5ustment ta 8N: it is possile to use well

tops 8: to confine the gridding)

L

Cser Guide %ndex

Sur0ace generation in Petrel #/#



/hen all the settings are set hit apply or ok 8M: and your

gridded surface will appear in the settings dialog 8F: and in

your input ta in the $etrel "0plorer /indow 8*:>

7

Cser Guide %ndex

Displaying a sur0ace 1/3



,o display a surface1 open a 2D1 +D or Interpretation window and toggle on the surface you want to display) $etrel has a numer of

display options1 and they all 'ary depending on what type of window the surface is displayed in) *pen the settings 8 A: dialog for the

surface to modify and change the display options)

*

,o o'erride the gloal color scale open the Colors ta 8%: and toggle on +!erride global propert" template 8C:)

Cser Guide %ndex







,o o'erride the gloal color scale open the Colors ta 8%: and select a Gloal 8shared: color tale 8C:) ,oggle on ocal 8pri'ate: color tale 8D:1 and ad5ust

the colors in the color tale) Hit apply when satisfied with the colors on the map)

Cser Guide %ndex

,9D







Cser Guide %ndex

,o o'erride the gloal color scale open the Colors ta 8%: and select a Gloal 8shared: color tale 8C:) ,oggle on ocal 8pri'ate: color tale 8D:1 and ad5ust

the colors in the color tale) Hit apply when satisfied with the colors on the map)

,urn on contour lines under the Style ta 8":)

E

Smoothing a sur0ace



,o smooth the gridded surface open the settings dialog for the surface 8 A:)

=nder the operations ta 8%:1 find the process "moot$ 8C: under Surface

operations)

Change the numer of iterations and !ilter width 8D: and hit ;un 8":) If you

want to keep you input grid and create a new smoothed output grid toggle

on 8!:)

Fote9 ou only ha'e one undo le'el for this process)

*,

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Cser Guide %ndex

Seismic attriute analysis

,

1/3



In $etrel we ha'e to enter the process called "ur#ace attri%utes 8 A:1 this is found in the under the seismic interpretation rion 8%:)

It is also possile to use the mini toolar y rightclicking on a surface in a 2D1 +D1 or interpretation window)

A new dialog o0 will appear 8C:)

,

9

Cser Guide %ndex

Seismic attriute analysis $ instantaneous extraction 2/3



In the Surface attriute dialog you specify the type of

attriute to e0tract 8 A:)

Gi'e an input seismic cue to e0tract 'alues from 8%:1 and

specify where to store the calculated attriute 8C:) ,he

recommended way is to add it to an e0isting surface asshown in this e0ample)

In the /indow specification ta 8D: you specify the

reference horizon and e0traction criterias) ,he only parameter to consider here is Horizon offset 8":1 lea'e the

rest as default) ,he horizon offset tells how much the reference

horizon 8!: is shifted prior to the attriute e0traction) Fegati'e

'alues are downward shifts while positi'e 'alues are upwards shift)

/hen all the parameters are set1 press Apply or *N 8G:)

,he e0tract 'alue approach shown here e0tracts a 'alue

from the seismic cue 8%: along the reference horizon 8!:

shifted according to the Horizon offset 8":)

After this process has run it will appear as a sugrid under

the main grid 8C: in the input ta under the firs "0plorer

window 8H:

*

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Cser Guide %ndex

Seismic attriute analysis $ "olume attriutes 3/3



In the Surface attriute dialog you can specify ;MS

amplitude to e0tract and ;MS 'alue in a window 8 A:)

,o e0tract o'er a window select Horion ,Horion 8%: and

enter the same horizon as oth eference horion 8C: and

Second horion 8D:)

=nder horizon offset 8": you specify the window range) In

the e0ample shown here a ;MS amplitude is e0tracted

from the reference horizon and 6@ ms 86@: elow)

*

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Cser Guide %ndex

Seeded autotracking



$etrel offers se'eral autotracking techni-ues that are all found in the Settings dialog for the

seismic horizon)

Cser Guide %ndex

Seeded autotracking $ ,asic 3x3 1/2



E%asic +0+ autotracking

. ,urn off the wa'elet tracking 8 A:)

. Select %asic +0+ 8%:)

. Select onset 8C:)

. Set a high initial seed confidence 8D:)

. Select the correct seismic input 'olume 8":)

%asic +0+

*

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Cser Guide %ndex

Seeded autotracking $ ,asic 3x3 2/2



%asic +0+ works for relati'ely low relief1 well defined reflectors

E

*

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Seeded autotracking $ alidated 3x3 1/2



(alidated x autotracking)


. Select 'alidated +0+ 8%:)

. Select onset 8C:)



#alidated +0+E

*

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Cser Guide %ndex

Seeded autotracking $ alidated 3x3 2/2



#alidated +0+ and 606 works for reflectors crosscut y faults and large change in dips

E

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Seeded autotracking $ alidated #x#

1/2



#alidated 606(alidated /x/ autotracking)


. Select 'alidated 606 8%:)

. Select onset 8C:)



#alidated +0+E

*

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Seeded autotracking $ alidated #x# 2/2



#alidated 606 works for reflectors crosscut y faults and large change in dips

E

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Seeded autotracking $ a"elet tracker

/ l k ll f ki l l i l i d i h fid

1/2



/a'elet tracker allows for tracking o'er a larger pulse inter'al comined with a confidence

inter'al)

/a'elet tracking

. ,urn on the wa'elet tracking 8 A:)

. Select onset 8%:)

. Set a high initial correlation -uality 8C:)

. Select the correct seismic input 'olume 8D:)

D

*

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Cser Guide %ndex

Seeded autotracking $ a"elet tracker

/ l t t k d h h h t i ti i i i l d h th

2/2



/a'elet tracker can e used where you ha'e a characteristic seismic signal and when the

ordinary tracker performs poorly)

D

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Cser Guide %ndex

*utotracking parameters in Petrel



. ,rack inside a polygon 8 A:

. #ertical constraints and trend data 8%:&. =pper& no tracking ao'e

. ower& no tracking elow

. ,rend data& Guide surface

. Co'olume 8C:&. =se an additional cue to guide the

autotracker 8does not work for the wa'elet

tracker:1

. Ma0) 'ertical delta 8D:&. ,he numer of samples the tracker is allowed

to 5ump from one trace to another 8keep low

initially:)

*

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Paintrush tracking and acti"e ox tracking



In $etrel it is possile to do +D autotracking in map 'iew 82D /indow:) $aintrush tracking pro'ides more

control than seeded autotracking1 especially on patchy reflectors and when structural control is needed to stay

away from troulesome areas)

/hen a seed line or a seed grid

has een interpreted it is possile

use the paintrush tracker 8 A: in

the 2D window) ust hold the left

mouse utton down and paint

inside the 2D window)

*

6int . tricks:. Change the size of the paintrush o0 y holding down the O or key on the keyoard. $ress and release while paintrushing) ou ha'e more than one undo le'el 8ctrlOz:). Ha'e a relati'ely high 'ertical e0aggeration 8%: to e ale to see errors in the tracker more easily)

,

Cser Guide %ndex

*utotrack tips $ Parent and child relationships

In $etrel autotracking uses a tracetotrace method to 'erify and e0pand the interpretation from a seed point)

1/!



*

g y p p p

/hen a new point is added to the interpretation it ecomes a parent to other potential points 8children: picked

from neighoring traces)

%y clicking on the first select single

point 8 A: and then "elect parent points & ' ( it is possile to in'estigate

the path the autotracker made in

reaching the selected point))

Cser Guide %ndex

,



2/!



9

g y p p p






reaching the selected point)

,hen select a point on your horizon

8C: and you will see the path made to

that point)

Cser Guide %ndex



3/!



D

g y p p p









that point)

Select the last good point on the path

going into the area with the

interpretation mistie 8D: and hit selectchild points 8":) Fow the entire mistie

area should e selected)

Cser Guide %ndex

E



!/!











that point)

Select the last good point on the path

going into the area with the

interpretation mistie 8D: and hit selectchild points 8":) Fow the entire mistie

area should e selected)

%y hitting the delete utton on your

keyoard you can delete the area

where the autotracker went wrong)

Cser Guide %ndex

9reate ne hori4on interpretation



Cser Guide %ndex

;ightclick on an interpretation folder and select

Insert seismic horion 8 A:1 or select Insert seismic

horion 8%: on the seismic interpretation rion menu

8this last option inserts a horizon into the acti'e 8old:

interpretation folder:)

A new seismic horizon appears 8C:)

,

*

9

anual interpretation $ set acti"e hori4on



,he acti'e horizon will e old in the Input "0plorer ,a in $etrel

,o change the acti'e horizon you can&

3) Click on another horizon in the input ta 8 A:)

2) Select another horizon in interpretation window 8%:)

,

*

Cser Guide %ndex

anual interpretation toolar



+hen the seismic interpretation process is selected *;

se"eral interpretation options ,; appears in the process

tool hen you are in a 3D or interpretation indo8

*

,

Seeded +D autotracking 8shiftOA:

Seeded 2D autotracking 8A:

Guided autotracking 8G:

Manual interpretation 8=:

%n Petrel you ha"e se"eral undo le"els8 ,y typing 9trlK=

on you computer it ill undo your interpretations8 Bhis

orks ack to last you sa"ed you pro5ect8 Cser Guide %ndex



1/2



,he seeded 2D autotracking will track automatically according to the tracking parameters along the line

displayed in the intepretatin window)


Cser Guide %ndex



2/2



,he seeded 2D autotracking will track automatically according to the tracking parameters along the line

displayed in the intepretatin window) ,o track click once on the reflector)


Cser Guide %ndex

Guided autotracking 8G:

anual interpretation $ Guided autotracking 1/2



g 8 :

,he guided autotracking will track automatically etween two points)

Cser Guide %ndex




anual interpretation $ manual 1/3



p 8 :

Manual interpretation creates a straight line etween two points)

Cser Guide %ndex





p 8 :

Manual interpretation creates a straight line etween two points) %y holding down the shift key on your keyoard the horizons snaps to a reflector)

Cser Guide %ndex





Manual interpretation creates a straight line etween two points) %y holding down the shift key on your keyoard the horizons snaps to a reflector)

Stream mode interpretation is possile y holding down the left mouse utton) ,o make this work well you should reduce your mouse pointer speed under

control panel in windows)

Cser Guide %ndex


A 'ery useful feature to use during seismic interpretation is use the pro5ection of the pre'ious and ne0t

interpretation as a guide

1/2



interpretation as a guide)

*n the settings 8 A: for a seismic

horizon it is possile to turn on the0eighbor section 8%: under the style

ta 8C:) ,his will show the pro5ection

of the pre'ious and ne0t

interpretation)

F%) Make sure that an interpretation

window is acti'e 8D:1 if not the style ta will

look different)

A

%

C

D

Cser Guide %ndex


A 'ery useful feature to use during seismic interpretation is use the pro5ection of the pre'ious and ne0t

interpretation as a guide ,his works as a PC tool on your interpretation especially on a poor(patchy reflector

2/2



interpretation as a guide) ,his works as a PC tool on your interpretation1 especially on a poor(patchy reflector)

,he white line is the actual interpretation on the displayed line1 while the lack line shows the interpretation on

the ne0t line and the red line shows the interpretation on the pre'ious line) ,he ne0t(pre'ious pro5ection shows

the ne0t(pre'ious line interpretation according to the step set in the intersection player 8 A:)

Interpretation

ne0t

pre'ious

Cser Guide %ndex

*

anual interpretation $ Ghost 0untion 1/2



A helpful tool in $etrel to correlate the seismic reflectors across difficult areas is to use a

correlation mask1 or a ghost as it is called in $etrel)

. Select the ghost function 8 A: in an interpretation window)

. Create a o0 y holding down the left mouse utton 8%:)

. ;elease and click the right mouse utton)

*

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Cser Guide %ndex

anual interpretation $ Ghost 0untion 2/2



A helpful tool in $etrel to correlate the seismic reflectors across difficult areas is to use a

correlation mask1 or a ghost as it is called in $etrel)

. Select the ghost function 8 A: in an interpretation window)

. Create a o0 y holding down the left mouse utton 8%:)

. ;elease and click the right mouse utton)

. Mo'e to ghost to another area on the line to compare 8C:)

9

Cser Guide %ndex

,

*

anual interpretation $ 6ori4on 0lattening 1/2



Another important techni-ue in seismic interpretation is to flatten a horizon to look at1 and in

some case interpret on1 seismic that resemles the geometry at time of deposition)

. ;ight click on seismic horizons

. Select &latten horion % ) '

*

Cser Guide %ndex

anual interpretation $ 6ori4on 0lattening 2/2



An important techni-ue in seismic interpretation is to flatten a horizon to look at and in

some case interpret on seismic that resemles the geometry at time of deposition)

. ;ight click on seismic horizons

. Select &latten horion % ) 'Cser Guide %ndex

9o-lending

It is re-uired to ha'e two identical surfaces in order to colend) ,he way

1/!



to achie'e this is to make a copy of your surface when it is complete)

,his can e done y typing CtrlOC and CtrlO# on the keyoard1 like in any

other /indows application)

Copy

Burn on a sur0ace in a 2D or 3D indo *;8

*

Cser Guide %ndex

9o-lending


f f

2/!



7pen the settings dialog 0or the attriute map you ant to co-lend

,;select the color template called 9o-lending 9;8

,

9




Copy

*

Cser Guide %ndex

9o-lending


t hi thi i t k f f h it i l t

3/!






Copy

Burn on a sur0ace in a 2D or 3D indo *;8

*

7pen the settings dialog 0or the attriute map you ant to co-lend

,;select the color template called 9o-lending 9;8

,

9

,his color template has

opacity applied to it) In this

case we see through thewhite colors which on a

'ariance map means the

areas with high correlation

Cser Guide %ndex

9o-lending


t hi thi i t k f f h it i l t

!/!



Boggle on the attriute map D; to co-lend8

D




Copy

Cser Guide %ndex

9reating a random line

,o generate a random line it is re-uired top open the Seismic interpretatation tool palette 8 A:1 and it is also

needed to ha'e a 2D or +D window open)

1/3



p

Make the cue to create the

random line from acti'e y clicking

on it so it ecomes old 8%:

,

Select the icon 1raw arbitrar"

composite sections

Cser Guide %ndex

*


,o generate a random line it is re-uired that the acti'e process is Seismic interpretation 8 A:1 and it is also


2/3



p

*




,


composite sections

Draw your random line in the 2D or

+D window using the mouse)

Cser Guide %ndex

*


,o generate a random line it is re-uired that the acti'e process is Seismic interpretation 8 A:1 and it is also


3/3



p

*




,


composite sections

Draw your random line in the 2D or

+D window using the mouse)

Doule click when you are done1

the composite line will appear in

the input ta 8C:)

9

Cser Guide %ndex

*

,ulk shi0t a sur0ace

,



Cser Guide %ndex

*

E

D

9

,

*pen the settings dialog for a surface 8 A: and og the *perations ta 8%:) Select )rithmetic operation and

select the O( constant option 8C:)

,ype in the constant 8desired ulk shift: 8D:1 and press run 8":)

*ttriute maps $ color templates



*

,

,*

,wo color templates ha'e een prepared and are ready to use in your $etrel pro5ect)

;MS amplitude used on amplitude e0traction from reflection seismic)

Colending used on amplitude e0traction from 'ariance)

Cser Guide %ndex

Parallel hori4on slicing

Parallel slicing:In the Surface attriute dialog you specify the type of attriute to e0tract 8 A:)



*

,

9

D

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Gi'e an input seismic cue to e0tract 'alues from 8%:1 and specify where to

store the calculated attriute 8C:) ,he recommended way is to add it to an

e0isting surface as shown in this e0ample)

,o e0tract o'er a window select Horion , Horion 8D: and enter the same

horizon as oth eference horion 8": and Second horion 8!:)

,he only parameter to consider here is Horizon offset 8G:1 lea'e the rest as

default) ,he horizon offset tells how much the reference horizons 8" 4 !: is

shifted prior to the attriute e0traction) Fegati'e 'alues are downward shifts

while positi'e 'alues are upwards shift 8 te e0ample shown here show a 6@

ms e0traction window:)

,o do a parallel slicing select &ixed under epeated windows 8H: Here you

specify the numer of repeats and the window of ad'ance) ,his e0amplecalculates the ;MS amplitude in 33 windows all of them are 6@ ms long)

/hen all the parameters are set1 press Apply or *N)

/hen the calculations are completed a set of sugrids will appear in the

Input ta in $etrel)

<

G

G

6

Cser Guide %ndex

Proportional hori4on slicing

Proportional slicing:In the Surface attriute dialog you specify the type of attriute to e0tract 8 A:)



*

,

9

D

E

Gi'e an input seismic cue to e0tract 'alues from 8%:1 and specify where to

store the calculated attriute 8C:) ,he recommended way is to add it to an

e0isting surface as shown in this e0ample)

,o e0tract o'er a window select Horion , Horion 8D: and enter the

uppermost horizon as eference horion 8": and the lowermost horizon as

the Second horion 8!:)

In this case use @ as Horizon offset 8G:1 lea'e the rest as default)

,o do a proportional slicing select $roportional under epeated windows 8H:

Here you specify the numer of repeats and the window of ad'ance) ,his

e0ample calculates the ;MS amplitude in isoproportional windows

etween the two horizons

/hen all the parameters are set1 press Apply or *N)

/hen the calculations are completed a set of sugrids will appear in the

Input ta in $etrel)<

G

G

6

Cser Guide %ndex

%sochore and isopach maps. ,o generate an isochore or isopach map in $etrel open the settings ta for the top surface 8 A:). Go to the *perations ta 8%:1 and select Make thickness map 8C: under calculations). "nter the ase surface 8D:)

1/2



8 :. ,oggle on ,S, 8thrue stratigraphic thickness isopach: or use ,#, 8'ertical thickness isochore: 8":). Hit ;un 8!: and a new o5ect will appear in the input ta 8G:)

*

,

9

D

E <

G

Cser Guide %ndex

%sochore and isopach maps

*

9Draping a thickness map onto a structure map puts the isochore

information into a structural conte0t)

2/2



,

1

2

A) ,he isochore map ha'e positi'e 'alues1 and in a +D window

in $etrel it will e located ao'e the structure map)

%) ,o drape the isochore map onto the structure map

3) Copy as surface attriute 83: from the new isochore

surface

2) $aste into the structure map as surface attriute)

C) ,he isochore 'alues are now displayed on the structure map)

Cser Guide %ndex

aking a polygon 1/#



,o Make a polygon acti'ate Select the polygon editing tool $alette from the Seismic Interpretation ;ion)

Cser Guide %ndex

aking a polygon 2/#,



Select )dd points to pol"gon 8 A: and create an new polygon 8%:) %e in a 2D window)

*

Cser Guide %ndex

aking a polygon 3/#



Start drawing the polygon

Cser Guide %ndex

aking a polygon !/#



/hen the polygon is completed1 doule click and close the polygon 8select yes:

Cser Guide %ndex

aking a polygon #/#



,he polygon can now e used as a oundary when gridding a surface)

Cser Guide %ndex

%nsert ne ulti= hori4on9



;ight click on an interpretation folder 8 A: and select Insert Multi2

interpretation 8%:3 insert a new Multi interpretation from the Seismic

Interpretation ;ion 8C:

A new Multi interpretation will appear in the interpretation folder 8D:)

*

,

D

Cser Guide %ndex

%nterpret ulti= hori4on



Select Interpret ulti) &"$i#t * +( on the

process toolar 8 A:)

Start picking the e'ent)

,op stop the interpretation douleclick

8Shortcut key F:)

,o close a the Multi interpretation press Shift

Odouleclick

*

Cser Guide %ndex



Display settings 0or ulti= hori4ons



;ightclick on the Multi horizon and open

the settings 8 A:)

=nder the Style ta 8%: it is possile to

change the display settings for the Multi

interpretation) "specially important is the

ine pro5ections option 8C: which enales

the pro5ection of pre'ious(ne0t line during

interpretation)

*

,

9

Cser Guide %ndex

Snapping ulti= interpretation



/hen interpreting Multi horizons in

multiple directions 8inline 4 0line: it is

important that the interpretation align)*therwise artifacts are generated when

creating a triangle mesh)

,o snap the interpretation click on the

crossing point 8 A: and the interpretation

will snap)

*

Snapped interpretation

Mismatch

Cser Guide %ndex

>ormals on ulti= interpretation

Formals represented y 'ectors on each Multi interpretation point shows the direction of an o5ect

8inwards or outwards:) It is important that all normal ha'e the correct direction 8consistent among

1/2



themsel'es: and if not1 editing is needed efore creating a ,riangle mesh)

Formal

Inside*utside

Cser Guide %ndex

>ormals on ulti= interpretation

,o flip the normals select flip normals %Shift 4f' 8 A: and click on the Multi interpretation

2/2



Formal

*utsideInside

*

Cser Guide %ndex

9reating a triangle mesh,riangle mesh represents a triangulated surface that can e created from a Multi interpretation and it is

stored in the Input pane)



*

,

9;ightclick on the Multiinterpretation and select Create

triangle mesh 8 A:)

Specify how dense the interpretation

is 8%: and create the mesh 8C:)

,he mesh can e displayed in a +D

Cser Guide %ndex



Hold Ctrl and Shift to

olume rendering 2/#



Hold Ctrl and Shift to

acti'ate rotation ars

8green: along the o0)

=se these to rotate ortilt the o0)

Cser Guide %ndex

olume rendering 3/#



C: Select settings

for the %o0 proe

and specify opacity

for the 'olume)

Cser Guide %ndex

D: Go to the opacity ta and toggle

th Mi d k it

olume rendering !/#



": Neep the high amplitude

'alues and make themidrange transparent)

on the Mirror modeE makes it

easier to draw an opacity cur'e

Cser Guide %ndex

!: ,ilt the %o0 proe and set in a

olume rendering #/#



seismic line for a nice

'isualization)

Cser Guide %ndex

Geoody interpretation extraction method 1 1/!



Cser Guide %ndex

,

A: *pen settings underthe %o0 proe) Select the

"0traction ta and run a %:

Geoody e0traction with

the preset parameters)

Geoody interpretation- Extract a geoody method 2

C: *pen settings for the

2/!



C: *pen settings for the

new Geoody) A list of all

the geolos is shown)

Cser Guide %ndex

Geoody interpretation- Extract a geoody method 2 3/!



D: Delete smaller geolos y

selecting them and press

QDelete selectedR)Selected geolos are

displayed with white colour

Cser Guide %ndex

Geoody interpretation- Extract a geoody method 2

": Merge the largest

!/!



: g g

geolos

Cser Guide %ndex

Cse a 6ori4on proe to make a 3D 0igure in Petrel

A: Start y displaying a co

1/)



lended map that you want to

use for a +D figure)

,his e0ample shows seaed time colended with 'ariance

Cser Guide %ndex


%: Select a line that you want

2/)



to show with the surface)

C: =se the clip ehind

plane function to remo'e

the surface in front of the

seismic line

Cser Guide %ndex




G: Go to Settings for the proe Select

!/)

!: ;ightclick on a surface and select

i t h i b



G: Go to Settings for the proe) Select

the Horizons you want to make the proe

from) In this e0ample we use the seaed

as Horizon3 and a flat surface asHorizon 2) %5ou ha!e to create this

surface b" using the +perations tab

under surface settings.'

Cser Guide %ndex

insert horion probe)

Cse a 6ori4on proe to make a 3D 0igure in Petrel #/)



H: Go to settings for the seismic

'olume) Make the selected line

transparent under the Colors ta) /e

donLt want to see the line1 howe'er we

need it in order to cut the surfaceaway in front of the seismic)

I: =se clip

ehind plane

Cser Guide %ndex

Make sure

transparency

is enaled

Cse a 6ori4on proe to make 3D 0igure in Petrel

: Make another line and another

proe old 8do not turn them on:) ,his

)/)



proe old 8do not turn them on:) ,his

will remo'e unwanted lines in your

display) Do !33 and go to full screen

pre'iew efore you take a snap shot)

Cser Guide %ndex

9reate a 0lat sur0ace

A: Go to settings for the

Seaed surface and !lat surface



Seaed surface and

open the *perations ta)

%: Select function

Constant

C: /rite in the time

you want to flatten thesurface on)

D: ,oggle on Tmake

new horizonU so you

donLt mess up the

original seaed

surface

Cser Guide %ndex

Bhe light source tool

%n Petrel 2(13 a rand ne light source tool as introduced something that e ha"e reuested 0or a

long time8 %nitially it had some staility issues and shortcomings relati"e to pre"ious 0unctionality8888and

some serious ugs to make it orse ut this seems to ha"e een 0ixed in Petrel 2(1!8



so e se ous ugs to a e t o se ut t s see s to a e ee ed et e (

Click the ight tool icon to acti'ate tool

Click the O symol to add light source andswitch off headlight

Drag sliders to change direction and

azimuth

Additional light sources can e used to

illuminate different structural trends in

different colours)

ight sources are stored and can e

administrated under the windows ta

,he new spotlight tool 8$2@3B)+: has a

spotlight tool useful in the +D window)

/orks in 2D window and +D window)

* , 9

<

6

A& %ump mapping

%& Default light source 8head light V light follows the user C& Add directional light source

D& Add spotlight source

"& ;emo'e light source

D E G

!& Height of artifical light sourceG& Direction of the light source

H& ight source player

Cser Guide %ndex

Geosections/Simple grids "isuali4ation 1/!



18 Grid all hori4ons to e used in the geosection8 28 Dra a polygon to de0ine the area o0 interest8 %0 all seismic

hori4ons are continuous and co"ering the entire 3D seismic

cue you can skip the next slides and go directly to step

Cser Guide %ndex




,he ne0t step is to use the surfaces making a simple grid&

3) *pen the a!e simple ,rid in the processes ta or from the $etroleum System and ;isk ;ion)

2) Select insert surfaces in the input data ta) Add the surfaces created in the right order8

+) *pen the Geometry ta1 select the defined oundary polygon and click on -et limits #rom "elected. 8If the horizons

are continuous and co'ers the entire seismic 'olume it is possile to select the cue instead of a polygon:)

B) $ress Apply(*N and the grid will e created)

1 2 3

Cser Guide %ndex




=nder the odels ta a new model ha'e een created)

3) ;ightclick on intersections and select Insert general intersection) A new intersection is generated) ,his

intersection can e mo'ed using the intersection player or shortcut key m in a +D window)

2) ,oggle on the Horizons1 "dges and one filter)

Cser Guide %ndex

Geosections/Simple grids "isuali4ation !/!



*pen Setting for the intersection&

3) Change the horizons color and

width)

2) Apply transparency to thezones)

*pen Setting for the one filter&

3) Change the colors of the

different layers)

Geosections can

no e generated

at "arious

locations usingthe intersection

player anipulate

Exercises_Manual.pptx

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