NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA The Government of India EXECUTIVE SUMMARY DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT (Amritsar-Bathinda Greenfield Highway-155km) November 2020 Development of access controlled Amritsar-Bathinda Greenfield Highway starting from Delhi-Amritsar Expressway near Sultanpur Lodhi (village Tiba) and terminate at Bathinda (near Sangat Kalan) as a part of Amritsar-Jamnagar Economic Corridor under Bharatmala Pariyojna NHAI/Planning/EC/2016/DPR/Lot-2/Punjab/Package-2/51-M Environmental Consultant LEA ASSOCIATES SOUTH ASIA PVT. LTD., B-1, E-27, Mohan Cooperative Industrial Estate Mathura Road New Delhi-110044, India T: 91-11-2697 3950-52, 41678150 F: 91-11-2697 1062 Email: [email protected]
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NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA The Government of India
C A N A D A | I N D I A | A S I A | A F R I C A | M I D D L E E A S T Page | 1
EXECUTIIVE SUMMERY
10.0. BACKGROUND
The traffic on existing roads in the country in general and particularly on highways has increased many
folds with rapid developmental activities in India. It is rendering the existing road capacity inadequate. The
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has decided on the development of Greenfield highways in
addition to augmentation of the capacity of existing national highways to cope with the situation and for
safe/efficient movement of traffic.
National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has been entrusted by the MORTH the task of development of
Amritsar – Bathinda Greenfield Highway Projects of length 155 km. The proposed Greenfield Highway start
at km 00.00 which is Delhi – Amritsar Expressway near Sultanpur Lodhi (Village Tiba) and end at km
155+00 km at Bathinda (Near Sangat – Kalan) as a part of Amritsar – Jamnagar Economic Corridor Under
Bharatmala Pariyojana.
NHAI has appointed M/s Lea Associate South Asia Pvt Ltd as Consultants for preparation of the Feasibility
Report of the Project Highway to firm up the NHAI’s requirements in respect of development and
construction of the Project Highway and Project Facilities. It will enable the prospective bidders to assess
the NHAI’s requirements in a clear and predictable manner to ensure:
► Enhanced safety and level of service for the road users;
► Superior operation and maintenance enabling enhanced operational efficiency of the Project Highway;
► Minimal adverse impact on the local population and road users due to road construction;
► Minimal adverse impact on environment;
► Minimal additional acquisition of land; and
The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the project is based on the Feasibility Study. DPR (Detailed
Project Report) is yet to be prepared for the project.
10.1. PROJECT PROPONENT
The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) was constituted by an act of Parliament, the National
Highways Authority of India Act, 1988.It an autonomous nodal agency of the Government of India and is
responsible for the development, maintenance and management of National Highways entrusted to it and
for matters connected or incidental thereto.
Thus, NHAI is the nodal authority / project proponent for the development of the highway project under
present study.
DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Development of access controlled Amritsar-Bathinda Greenfield Highway starting from Delhi-
Amritsar Expressway near Sultanpur Lodhi (village Tiba) and terminate at Bathinda (near Sangat
Kalan) as a part of Amritsar-Jamnagar Economic Corridor under Bharatmala Pariyojna
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Figure 0-1: Location Map of proposed Greenfield Amritsar Bhatinda Section
10.2. NEED OF THE PROJECT
Development of Amrtisar Jamnagar Economic Corridor is included in Bharatmala Pariyojana. The existing
alignment of Bhatinda-Amritsar road is zigzag and passing through many townships en-route which is
causing difficulty in developing the stretch as access-controlled corridor. Further, its existing ROW is also
only 45m (on an average).
Therefore, the proposed Greenfield Amritsar-Bhatinda section is as an access-controlled facility which is
straighter and also shorter in length. This is taking off from the proposed Delhi-Amritsar Expressway. It is
also expected that it will reduce distance between two nodal points by about 25 km and travel time also
from present 3 to 4 hours to about 1.5 hours. This section will provide through connectivity of Amritsar-
Jamnagar Corridor.
Further, Amritsar and Talwandi Sabo are two important religious (namely Takhat) and tourist centres in the
State of Punjab. These religious places are presently connected to rest of the country through various NH
like NH-71, NH148B, NH-15, NH54 and NH95 etc. Present NH-71 are having four-lane carriageway from
Sulatnpur Lodhi-Moga, from Moga-Kotakpura with 2-lane carriageway and 4-lane from Bajakhana to
Bathinda. The average travel speed for this route section is 60 km per hour. The capacity of NH-71, NH-15
will get exhausted by 2030 in most of sections even after widening to 6/8 lanes and hence, requirement of
widening of existing road / new highway.
Meeting with different stakeholders also shows that the project will witness tremendous growth and
correspondingly traffic. Some of reasons are as follows:
► Economic growth of the project area
► Existing bypass is already congested
► Tremendous growth of Tourists and pilgrimage
It is also studied during the reconnaissance survey that alignment will create seamless connectivity
between Amritsar and Bathinda and further to Rajasthan for the traffic originating from Himachal Pradesh
and Jammu & Kashmir and traffic coming from Jalandhar etc.
DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Development of access controlled Amritsar-Bathinda Greenfield Highway starting from Delhi-
Amritsar Expressway near Sultanpur Lodhi (village Tiba) and terminate at Bathinda (near Sangat
Kalan) as a part of Amritsar-Jamnagar Economic Corridor under Bharatmala Pariyojna
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10.3. SCOPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (EA)
The environmental assessment scope includes screening and scoping, environmental assessment and
environmental management plans for the individual project roads as required.
► Collection of baseline information on various components of the environment.
► Identification of areas and aspects that are environmentally or socially significant.
► Conducting community consultations on various environmental and social aspects of the project and documenting the same.
► Determining the magnitude of environmental impacts and formulation of mitigation measures for consideration and incorporation during planning/design, construction and operational phases of the project implementation.
► Preparation of environmental management plans including a program for monitoring environmental impacts, implementation schedule and responsibilities. It also specifies requirements of Institutional strengthening, if any, supervision program and contracting procedures for execution of environmental mitigation works.
10.4. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT ROAD
The Amritsar – Bathinda Greenfield highway has been selected by National Highway Authority of India to
be developed under Bharatmala Pariyojana to 6 lane with earthen shoulder with having PROW of Length
70meters. The total length of the project is 155 Km from Km (Chainage 000+000) to Km 155.00. The project
road passing through the 4 districts with 97 Nos villages viz.
The carriageway width of the present road is generally 10.5 m to 10.5m wide. The area of direct influence
of 500 meters on either side has been considered. The project road runs mainly through plain terrain.
Project Stretch has 2 major bridges and 22 minor bridges. Project stretch has 119 culverts.
The proposed project is a Greenfield highway and falls under Category “A” project as per the schedule of
EIA notification dated 14th September 2006 and its subsequent amendments. Accordingly the proposed
project requires prior Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Change (MOEFCC).
There is/are no litigation pending against the proposed project and /or any directions or stay orders passed
by any court of law/any statutory authority.
1.4 PROJECT LOCATION
The project road is passing traverses through four districts, namely, Bhatinda, Jalandhar, Moga, and
Kapurthala in the state of Punjab The major urban stretches along the project highway are given in Table
0-1. The index map of the project location is shown in figure
Table 0-1: Details of start and end point of alignment district wise
S.No District Latitude Longitude
1. Kapurthala
Start (km 00+000 31°18'15.43"N 75°12'18.23"E
End Km 15+200 31°10'3.20"N 75°13'16.75"E
2. Jalandhar
Start (km 15+200 31°10'3.20"N 75°13'16.75"E
End (km 29+100 31° 2'37.89"N 75°14'8.57"E
3. Moga
DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Development of access controlled Amritsar-Bathinda Greenfield Highway starting from Delhi-
Amritsar Expressway near Sultanpur Lodhi (village Tiba) and terminate at Bathinda (near Sangat
Kalan) as a part of Amritsar-Jamnagar Economic Corridor under Bharatmala Pariyojna
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S.No District Latitude Longitude
Start (km 29+100 31° 2'37.89"N 75°14'8.57"E
End (Km 89+100 30°30'27.42"N 75°12'13.50"E
4. Bathinda
5. Start (km 89+100 30°30'27.42"N 75°12'13.50"E
6. End (km 155 30° 4'29.89"N 74°52'6.85"E
Figure 0-2: Index Map of Green Field Highway
The environmental regulation attracted by the proposed project are given in Table 0-2.
Satluj
DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Development of access controlled Amritsar-Bathinda Greenfield Highway starting from Delhi-
Amritsar Expressway near Sultanpur Lodhi (village Tiba) and terminate at Bathinda (near Sangat
Kalan) as a part of Amritsar-Jamnagar Economic Corridor under Bharatmala Pariyojna
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Table 0-2: Environmental Regulations and Legislations
S. No
Activity Act and Rules Requirement Competent Authority
Responsible Agency for Obtaining clearance
1. Entry into the forest area for demarcation of forest area for diversion of forest land.
The Indian forest Act, 1927
Permission is required for entering into forest area in written from the District Forest officer (DFO).
Forest Department
PIU, Bathinda
2. Diversion of forest land for road Construction
Forest (Conservation) Act -1980
26.07 Ha of Protected forest along the existing roads and Irrigation Canals
MoEF&CC Regional Office, Chandigarh
PIU, Bathinda
3. Wildlife protected area boundary within 10km from project boundary`.
The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
Not Applicable National Board for Wildlife (NBWL)
PIU, Bathinda
4. Diversion of forest land for road Construction
Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act 2006
Applicable District Collector or District Magistrate of concern District
PIU, Bathinda
5. Establishment/Operation of stone crusher, Hot Mix Plant, RCC Plant and D.G sets
The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
Consent to Establish (CtE) and Consent to Operate (CtO) under water Act 1974
State Pollution Control Board (SPCB)
. Contractor
6. Establishment/Operation of stone crusher, Hot Mix Plant, RCC Plant and D.G sets
The Air (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act, 1981
Consent to Establish (CtE) and Consent to Operate (CtO) under Air Act 1981.
State Pollution Control Board (SPCB)
Contractor
7. Establishment/Operation of stone crusher, Hot Mix Plant, RCC Plant and D.G sets
Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) rules 2000
Consent to Establish (CtE) and Consent to Operate (CtO) under Noise Rules, 2000.
State Pollution Control Board (SPCB
Contractor
8. Filling of roadside naturally protected water bodies
The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017
Permission of filling of protected water bodies – Not applicable
Central Wetland Regulatory Authority
No permission is required
9. Protection from hazardous material and accident
Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
Contractor need to stock hazardous material like diesel, bitumen, emulsions, etc.
- Contractor
10. Vehicles used for construction of roads.
Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1988 and central motor vehicles rules 1989.
All vehicles used for road work need Pollution Under Control (PUC) Certificate
Motor Vehicles Department
Contractor
DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Development of access controlled Amritsar-Bathinda Greenfield Highway starting from Delhi-
Amritsar Expressway near Sultanpur Lodhi (village Tiba) and terminate at Bathinda (near Sangat
Kalan) as a part of Amritsar-Jamnagar Economic Corridor under Bharatmala Pariyojna
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S. No
Activity Act and Rules Requirement Competent Authority
Responsible Agency for Obtaining clearance
11. Used of Hazardous material and handling for construction of roads
The Hazardous Wastes (Management And Handling) Rules, 1989
NoC for stocking and usage
State Pollution Control Board (SPCB)
Concessioner/ Contractor
12. For construction of road falling within prohibited area of notified Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Site and Remains
The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Site and Remains (Amendment and Validation ) Act, 2010
No monuments and archaeological sites as listed by Central Government & State Government is reported within 100 meters of restricted zone and 200 meters regulated zone from PROW Boundary
Director General appointed by Central Government
PIU, Bathinda
13. For borrow area (Mining of borrow earth) for road filling Or Mining of river bed sand for road construction activity
Environmental Clearance under EIA notification dated 15
th January
2016 issued by MoEF&CC, Letter No. 125, S.O 141E.
Permission will be required if ordinary earth mining is needed for road development Or For extraction of river bed sand
0-5 Ha. Category (B2) – DEAC/DEIAA >5 Ha and <25 Ha (B2) – SEAC/SEIAA ≥25 Ha and <50Ha. Category (B1) – SEAC/SEIAA ≥50 Ha. Category (A) – Category
Concessioner/ Contractor
14. Use and storage of explosive for quarry blasting or blasting of rocks along the PROW
Indian Explosive Act 1984
Explosive licence for use and storage
Chief Controller of Explosive
Concessioner/ Contractor
15. Storage of fuel oil, lubricants, diesel, etc. at construction site
Manufacturing storage and import of Hazardous Chemical Rules 1989
Permission for storage of Hazardous chemical
State pollution control boards for respective section and or Local Authority (DC)
Concessioner/ Contractor
16. Extraction of ground water Ground water rules of 2002
Permission of extraction of Ground water for usage in road construction
State ground water board
Concessioner/ Contractor
17 Use of fly ash for road filling and for other construction works
Fly Ash Notification, 28 April, 2016 .
Thermal Power Plant within 300 km from the Proposed alignment
MoEF&CC Contractor
The brief summery of the project is discussed in Table 0-3.
DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Development of access controlled Amritsar-Bathinda Greenfield Highway starting from Delhi-
Amritsar Expressway near Sultanpur Lodhi (village Tiba) and terminate at Bathinda (near Sangat
Kalan) as a part of Amritsar-Jamnagar Economic Corridor under Bharatmala Pariyojna
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Table 0-3: Summary of Project Details
S. No Particulars Proposed 1. Road Length 155 km 2. Carriageway 6 Lane without Paved Shoulder 3. ROW 70 m 4. Area 1086 Private & Government Land
26.07 Ha Protected Forest Land 5. Realignment / Bypasses Nil 6. Junctions Nil 7. Flyover 7 8. Rail Over Bridge 6 9. Bus Bay/ Shelter At every 50km of Green Field Expressway 10. Truck/ Bus Lay bye At every 50km of Green Field Expressway 11. Rest Area with Toilets At every 50km of Green Field Expressway 12. Toll Plaza 11 13. Major Bridges 6 Nos; Construction of 6 lane 14. Minor Bridges (MNRB) 22 Nos; Construction of New – 6 lane 15. Culverts 119 16. Vehicle Underpass (VUP) 6
17. Special Vehicular Underpass (SVUP) &
MNRB 3
18. SVUP & Culverts 1 19. VUP cum MNRB 1
Source: Primary Survey & Records
10.5. BASE LINE ENVIRONMENT
Data was collected from secondary sources for the macro-environmental setting like climate, physiography
(Geology and slope), biological and socio-economic environment within Project Influence Area. Firsthand
information has been collected to record the micro-environmental features within Corridor of Impact, CoI.
Collection of first hand (Primary) information includes preparation of base maps, extrapolating
environmental features on proposed road design, tree enumeration, location and measurement of socio-
cultural features abutting project road.
10.5.1. Physical Environment
Physiography and Terrain
The district of Kapurthala1 has total geographic area 1633 sq.km and is situated in Bist Doab plain area
enclosed by the river Satluj and Beas. The district is surrounded by the district of Amritsar in west,
Hoshiyarpur in North, Jalandhar in East and Ferozpur in South. The district of Kapurthala1 is divided in two
main physiography divisions, namely, (i) Beas low land plains and (ii) the upland plains. Kapurthala,
Sultanpur lodhi and Bulath tehsil form one part and another one is Phagwara tehsil. The lowland of Beas,
called as bets, covers north-western and southern peripheries of the district. The upland area covers the
area beyond Sultanpur Lodhi and Kapurthala and whole of Phagwara tehsil. The Kapurthala district
occupies Indo-Gangetic alluvium2.
DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Development of access controlled Amritsar-Bathinda Greenfield Highway starting from Delhi-
Amritsar Expressway near Sultanpur Lodhi (village Tiba) and terminate at Bathinda (near Sangat
Kalan) as a part of Amritsar-Jamnagar Economic Corridor under Bharatmala Pariyojna
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10.5.2. Geology and Soil
Kapurthala is the part of vast Indus gangetic plain and is occupied by Quaternary to present day sediments
of fluvial as well as Aeolian origin3. These Quaternary sediments un-conformably overlie the Siwalik Group
of rocks. The Aeolian deposits occur as sand dunes and sheets.
Two type of soils, namely, sierozem soils and desert soils are found in the district. Sierozem soils are found
in the major part of district and desert soils are found comparatively in smaller portion of the district.
The district of Bhatinda is occupied by Indo-Gangetic alluvial plain of Quaternary age. The
predominant geological formation of the district is alluviumError! Bookmark not defined.. Major soils found in
the district are Arid brown & Siezoram soilsError! Bookmark not defined..
As shown in seismic zone4 map of India, the districts of Kapurthala and Jalendhar are falling in seismic zone
IV whereas Bahtinda and Moga districts are in Zone III.
Climatology and Air Quality
The climate of the state of Punjab is continental. Summers are very hot. The districts through which the
project alignment of proposed Greenfield highway is also characterized by a very hot summer and bracing
winter. June is generally the hottest month. Maximum temperature reaches up to about 450C during the
summer season and scorching hot winds laden with dust blown also prevails during this season.
The concentration of PM 10 and PM 2.5 are observed to be more than the prescribed values of NAAQS for
PM10 (100µg/m3) and PM2.5 (60 µg/m3). It may be attributed due to various activities in the rural areas
during the post monsoon period. The concentration of SO2 and NOx are observed well within the prescribed
limits. Hourly concentrations of CO are reported to be less than 1mg/m3.
Ambient Noise Quality
Based on the identification of sensitive receptor 20 locations has been identified for noise level
monitoring. Day time equivalent noise level in the study area varied between 47.3 to 53.19 dB(A).
Correspondingly, the night time equivalent noise level ranged between 37.65 to 43.78 dB(A). The
maximum (53.19 dBA) was observed at monitoring station N16 in day time and the minimum ( 47.23 dBA)
at monitoring station (N3) during night-time.
Drainage:
The area is mainly drained by river Satluj River and by 8 natural drains. River Satluj is perennial and often
subject to floods during rainy season. It does contain some water in its upper course throughout the year.
Punjab is located in northwestern part of the Indian sub-continent. Punjab region is enclosed between
Himalayan region in the north and desert from the south. Punjab is bordered by Jammu and Kashmir in
north; Himachal Pradesh in east, Rajasthan and Haryana in south while international border with Pakistan
Province of Punjab. Ensuing points provides topography of the project roads.
DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Development of access controlled Amritsar-Bathinda Greenfield Highway starting from Delhi-
Amritsar Expressway near Sultanpur Lodhi (village Tiba) and terminate at Bathinda (near Sangat
Kalan) as a part of Amritsar-Jamnagar Economic Corridor under Bharatmala Pariyojna
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Ground water quality
The pH value ranges between 7.16 to 8.42 with highest pH value reported at Chak Bhaktu location. The
highest TDS is reported at location WQ4 (Lehra Mohabbata) which is 2602.0 whereas the permissible limit
as per IS:10500 (2012) is 2000. For other monitored parameter the ground water characteristic is well
within the permissible limit.
Soil Quality Monitoring:
Eight sampling locations were selected for soil monitoring. The result of soil analysis shows that the pH of
soil for all monitoring location ranges between 8.11 to 8.38. The electrical conductivity of the soil ranges
between 450.0 to 544.0 umhos/cm, the water holding capacity ranges between 18.0 to 20.0.
10.5.3. Biological Environment
The study area has been marked as 10 km radial distance from the proposed alignment. The study area
around the project site mainly comprises of Agricultural habitat. The project area falls in Semi –Arid Zone
as per the Biogeographic Classification and in 4A-Semi Arid Punjab Plain as per the Biotic Province map of
India. As per the Champion and Seth’s Classification the forest type reported in the project district are
Northern Dry mixed deciduous forest 5B/C 1 and Dry Deciduous Scrub Forests 5B/C2. The dominant
species reported in these forest areas are Acacia Catechu, Acacia Nilotica, Acacia Leucophloea, Sissoo,