Exceptions in PHP

Jan Tvrdk

try { ... if (!$ok) { throw new FooException(); }} catch (FooException $e) { ...}

try { ... if (!$ok) { throw new FooException(); }} catch (FooException $e) { ...} catch (BarException $e) { ...}

try { ... if (!$ok) { throw new FooException(); }} catch (FooException $e) { ...} finally { ...}

try No Was there an exception thrown?Yes Is there a corresponding No catch block?Yes catch finally

try { $this->db->lock(users); $this->db->query(...); $this->db->unlock();// intentionally catch all exceptions} catch (Exception $e) { $this->db->unlock(); throw $e;}

try { $this->db->lock(users); $this->db->query(...);} finally { $this->db->unlock();}

try { return 1;} finally { return 2;}

constructor parameters string $message = "" int $code = 0 Exception $previous = NULLmethods string getMessage() Exception getPrevious() mixed getCode() string getFile() int getLine() array getTrace()

usage errorruntime error System failure

can be avoidedshould directly lead to a fixmessage is more important than typevery important in librariesshould not be catchedexamples: wrong argument type / value calling method in incorrect order creating an instance of static class calling not implemented method

can NOT be avoidedtype is more important than messageshould be catchedoften related to thread safetyexamples: file / directory / database entry not found duplicate entry in database

ExceptionErrorExceptionLogicException (for usage errors) InvalidArgumentExceptionRuntimeException (for runtime errors)

Exception LogicException AppLogicException AppInvalidArgumentException AppNotImplementedException AppStaticClassException RuntimeException

Exception LogicException RuntimeException AppRuntimeException AppIOException AppFileNotFoundException AppDirectoryNotFoundException AppEntryNotFoundException AppDuplicateEntryException

throw only exceptions from your namespaceusage error write nice ex. message for human developerruntime error use very specific type (often requires creating a new one) message is often uselessphpDoc Always specify all runtime exceptions @throw annotation is part of API

never display ex. message to the usercatch as specific types as possibleread and respect @throw annotationsuse $previous when rethrowing ex.

Twitter + GitHub @JanTvrdik nette.merxes.cz

Exceptions in PHP

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intentionally

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important

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users

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