Evs powai lake ppt

• 1. A case study on

2. What is it? Why do we need it? Why do we need to study about it? ENVIRONMENT 3. WATER Water is the single most important abiotic component of an ecosystem. Water is needed to sustain life. On earth water is regenerated through the water cycle 4. WATER CYCLE 5. LAKES Lakes are a source of drinking water It acts as a rainwater buffer 6. Total number of lakes There are about 540 major lakes in India Maharashtra has about 63 major lakes There are 7 major lakes in and around mumbai. They are Tansa Lake, Vihar Lake, Tulsi Lake, Vaitarana, Bhatsa, Modak Sagar and Powai lake. 7. Of these only Powai lake doesnt supply Mumbai with potable water. 8. POWAI LAKE 9. HISTORY Mumbais first artificial lake. Named after Framaji Kavasji. Created in 1891 by constructing dam between two hillocks across a tributary of Mithi River. Area at full supply level is 220 hectors. It was planned as an antiwater famine measure 10. LOCATION Located in the Powai valley, where a Powai village once existed. Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay and The National Institute of Industrial Engineering, some of the premier educational institutions in India are on the periphery of this lake. Plush and expensive Housing complexes and plush hotels are developed all around the lake. 11. DIMENSIONS When it was built, the lake had a water spread area of about 2.1 square kilometres (520 acres) the depth varied from about 3 metres (9.8 ft) (at the periphery) to 12 metres (39 ft) at its deepest. 12. It is reported that the average rainfall at Powai is about 2,540 cms. The lake overflows for about for sixty days each year. The overflow from the lake flows into the Mithi River. Silt studies conducted in 1995 estimates that 4500 lakh cubic metres of silt has been deposited in the lake since its construction. Powai lake supplied two million gallons of water to Bombay (now Mumbai! )when it was built. 13. PROBLEMS 14. DECREASE IN AREA In recent times, 40% of the lake has disappeared. Accelerated growth of residential, commercial establishme Quarrying activity in the catchment area nts around the lake 15. Water quality deterioration Untreated disposal of sewage and garbage from nearby residential and slum colonies have affected the quality of the water. Washing cattle also deteriorates the water quality. 16. Water hyacinth and weeds from the lake use up all the dissolved oxygen. Dissolved Oxygen level of lake has gone low as 0.71 mg/ltr. 17. SILTING Silt studies conducted in 1995 estimates that 4500 lakh cubic metres of silt has been deposited in the lake since its construction. The Lake's depth is reported to have reduced to as little as 1.1 feet at some locations. 18. Eutrophication Eutrophication is the ecosystem response to the addition of artificial or natural substances, such as nitrates and phosphates,through fertilizers or sewage, to an aquatic system. 19. SOLUTIONS 20. SEPTIC SEWAGE PUMPING SYSTEM Uses septic pumps Filters the drainage left out from factories Expensive. 21. PATROLLING 24 hrs of constant observation Avoids malpractices and damage to public property Prevents litering around lake 22. Education and encouragement Educating about water issues and hazards and pollution Encourage people to participate meaningfully. Creates awareness among public and stakeholders. 23. BIO-REMEDIATION Bioremediation is the use of micro- organism metabolism to remove pollutants. Widely used and effctive Provides employment Inexpensive 24. LANDSCAPING Planting of saplings nearby lake Creating landscaped gardens and walkways around the lake. It prevents soil errosion to a great extent 25. DESILTING Desilting will increase the quantity of water. Removing water hyacinth and weeds 26. PREVENT RAMPANT CONSTRUCTION Prevent construction of dhobi ghats and toilets in the areas near the lake. Stop construction in the catchment areas. 27. This solution and remedy are possible only if there is inner motivation in an individual. Ethics plays here vital role People should understand what is right and wrong and function accordingly. Lakes are a part of our ecosystem and habitat to various flora and fauna. So these lakes as well as other water resources should be protected at all costs.