8/6/2019 Evolved Packet System WiSense Seminar May 19 2011
1/20
Evolved Packet System:The Next Generation
Mobile Network for 4Gsystems
Presented by: Dr. Khaled Ali
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2/20
Outline
Introduction
Evolved Packet System Architecture
LTE Radio Network Evolved Packet Core (EPC) Network
QoS Control in the EPS
Conclusion
05/27/11 EPS Systems 2
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3/20
Introduction
Different access and core networks
Different QoS control mechanisms
Different mobility managementmechanism
High deployment and maintenancecost
High cost per bit
GERAN
UTRAN
CN
CDMA200 HRPD
WiMAX
WLAN
CN
CN
LegacyCS
services
IPnetwork
05/27/11 EPS Systems 3
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4/20
Introduction Unified core network architecture for
heterogeneous access networks
New radio access network
Maintaining a competitive wirelesssystem from 2010-2020
3GPP system architecture evolution(SAE) Objectives:
Evolved- (UMTS) Terrestrial RadioAccess Network; Long Term Evolution(LTE)
OFDMA downlink radio technology
SC-FDMA uplink radio technology
Increased data rates
Lower latency
Reduced connection setup time
Low cost per bit
Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network
All IP Supporting 3GPP and non-3GPP radio access
technologies
Seamless service continuity for multi-modeterminals
GERAN
E-UTRAN
CDMA200 HRPD
WiMAX WLAN
EPC
LegacyCS
services
IPnetwork
UTRAN
Evolved
PacketSystem(EPS)
05/27/11 EPS Systems 4
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5/20
EPS Network Architecture
E-UTRAN (LTE)
enhanced Node B (eNB)
User Equipment (UE)
EPC
Serving Gateway (S-GW)
Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW)
Mobility Management Entity (MME)
05/27/11 EPS Systems 5
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6/20
LTE Radio Network: Features Simplified flat radio network architecture
Flexible and expandable spectrum bandwidth
High data throughput (Macro eNB& Home eNB)
Support for multi-antenna scheme (up to 4x4 MIMO )
Time-frequency scheduling on shared-channel
Cost-reduction per bit
Reduced latency
Seamless inter radio access technology (inter-RAT)mobility
05/27/11 EPS Systems 6
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7/20
LTE Radio ProtocolStructure
RLC and MAC sublayers: Data packet segmentation
Scheduling mobile users anddata flows
Retransmission andmultiplexing of data flows
PHY sublayer: QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM
OFDMA modulation
Antenna assignment
Resource allocation
Segmentation,ARQ
Segmentation,ARQ
Segmentation,ARQ
Segmentation,ARQ
Multiplexing
HARQ
DFTAntennamapping
OFDMmodulation
Coding, ratematching
Modulation
PayloadSelection
Priorityhandling,PayloadSelectionRetransmission Control
Code rate
ModulationScheme
Antenna andresourceallocation
UplinkOnly
RLC
MAC
PHY
05/27/11 EPS Systems 7
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8/20
LTE Bandwidth Flexibility
1.4MHz
20 MHz
fDL
fUL
fDL/UL
Unpaired spectrumPaired spectrum
Operates in different frequency
bands Can be deployed with different
bandwidths in order to operate inspectrum of different sizes
Efficient migration of other radiotechnologies to LTE
Enabling asymmetric spectrumutilization
05/27/11 EPS Systems 8
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9/20
LTE: OFDM Large degree of freedom
Channel coding is mandatoryfor combating fading
Multi-path propagationcontrolled by cyclic prefix
OFDM receivers design has
less complexity than Rakereceivers
Flexible spectrum expansion
High peak-to-average ratio
Doppler effect Frequency
Tim
e
1ms
1 resource block = 180 kHz = 12 or 14 sub carriers
f1 f2 fn
05/27/11 EPS Systems 9
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10/20
LTE Frame Structure FDD and TDD schemes
Single radio interface
Virtually, identical PHYlayer processing
Low cost implementation
FDD: Two carrier frequencies,
fUL and fDL
10 subframes for each ULand DL
Simultaneous transmission
TDD: Single carrier frequency
Seven different uplink-downlink configurations
DwPTS, Guard periods
UpPTS Sounding signals and random
access
FDD
fUL
fDL
One subframe, Tsubframe =
1ms
One radio frame, Tframe =
10ms
TDD
UL
fUL/
fD
L
Subframe #0 #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6#7 #8 #9
(Specialsubframe)
(Specialsubframe)
DwPTS GPUpPTS
DL
UL
DL
05/27/11 EPS Systems 10
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11/20
LTE Scheduling Uplink and downlink transmission are scheduled by the eNB MAC
scheduler UE requests uplink transmission resources from eNB through
Scheduling Request (SR) mechanism Dedicated SR (D-SR)
Random Access SR (RA-SR)
Buffer Status Report (BSR) after SR mechanism is required
Distribute available radio resources in the frequency domain
Dynamical change of the allocated resources every 1ms
In addition to the resource block, the scheduler defines themodulation and coding schemes, MIMO or beamformaing
Providing the desired QoS on a shared channel
QoS class, Queuing delay of the available data, instantaneouschannel conditions
05/27/11 EPS Systems 11
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12/20
LTE Scheduling: Channel QualityIndicator (CQI) Varying radio-channel
quality in space, time andfrequency
Channel-dependentscheduling in time andfrequency domain can beexploited
Efficient radio resourcesutilization
Fast channel variationtracking ,utilized by thescheduler
Certain mobile users arescheduled for transmissionfor each 1 ms subframe
Uplink sounding referencesignal
05/27/11 EPS Systems 12
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13/20
LTE Retransmission Handling
Occasional Tx errors No bit error propagation to upper
layers, drop or reTX
Physical layer attaches 24-bit CRCchecksum to the data unit
HARQ at the MAC layer
retransmits the corruptedtransport blocks
Multiple stop-and-wait HARQprocess
Single-bit HARQ feedback
ACK/NACK with a fixed timingrelation to the corresponding Tx
Simple, low latency, lowoverhead, reliable
Complemented by ARQ at the RLClayer
ULARQTX
ULARQRX
DLHARQ
Rx
ULHARQ
Tx
ULHARQ
Rx
DLHARQ
Tx
Uplink L1
Downlink L1
RLC STATUS RLC STATUS as
DL HARQ data
RLC PDULocal
NAK
HARQ ACK/
NACKTransport block
05/27/11 EPS Systems 13
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14/20
EPC Network All IP core network
Evolution of GPRS Integration with non-
3GPP systems
Supports PMIPv6mobility
Mobility Management
Entity (MME) node
Serving Gateway (S-GW)
Packet Data Gateway(P-GW)
Evolved Packet DataGateway (ePDG)
Policy and ChargingRule Function (PCRF)from (IMS)
GERAN
E-UTRAN
CDMA200 HRPD
WiMAX
WLAN
LegacyCS
services
IPnetwork
UTRAN
MSC MSC
GGSN
SGSN
S-GW
P-GW
MME
HSS/AAA
PCRF
ePDG
Non-3GPP
EPS-3GPP
ControlInterfaces Data Interfaces
3GPP
05/27/11 EPS Systems 14
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15/20
QoS Control in EPS networks Operators are moving from Single to
multi-service offering
Number of broadband subscribers andtheir traffic volume are rapidlyincreasing
EPS QoS concept standardized in 3GPPRel. 8
Enable service and subscriberdifferentiation
Bearer; the central element of EPSQoS concept
The Bearers and their assigned QoSparameters are managed through aset of network initiated signalingprocedures
EPS QoS concept is a class-based
Network initiated QoS concept + classbased approach gives operators fullcontrol over the QoS provided for theoffered services
Subscriber
differentiation
Business Vs. Standard
Post- VS. Pre-paidFlat rate abusers
etc.
Service
differentiation
Public Internet
VPNP2P file sharing
Video streaming
IMS voice
CS
Mobile-TV
etc.
05/27/11 EPS Systems 15
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16/20
QoS Control in EPS networks: EPS Bearer Identifies packet flows that
receives a common treatment
Packet flows are defined by afive-tuple based packet filters
One bearer exist per acombination of QoS class andIP address of a terminal
A terminal can have multipleIP address; one for eachAccess Point Name (APN)
Tunnel Header
DSCP
GBR vs. non-GBR Bearers Default vs. Dedicate Bearers
05/27/11 EPS Systems 16
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17/20
QoS Class Identifier (QCI) specifies the user-plane treatment for a packet on a specified bearer
Allocation and Retention Priority (ARP) Specifies the control plane treatment a bearer receives
Maximum Bit Rate (MBR)
Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR)
Aggregate Maximum Bit Rate (AMBR) defined by group of non-GBR bearers for differentiated subscription
QoS Control in EPS networks: QoSParameters
QoS Control in EPS networks: QoSMechanism
Control-Plane Signaling PCRF issues Policy and Charging Control (PCC) rules to the gateway
User-Plane Functions (3GPP and O&M configuration throughsignaling Procedures) Classified into
Packet-Flow Level Functions
Bearer-Level Functions
DSCP-Level Functions
05/27/11 EPS Systems 17
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18/20
Network-Initiated QoS Control
Network initiates the signal forestablishing a dedicated bearerwith a specific QoS
Triggered by AP or DPI
Client is access QoS unaware
Needs a policy controller
Terminal-Initiated QoS Control Terminal initiates the signaling for
establishing the dedicated bearer
The networks initiates the signalingto the RAN
The client must be aware of theQoS model of the access networks
No need for a policy controller
QoS Control in EPS networks: DedicatedBearer Set up
Client
(accessQoS
unaware)
Service layer signaling(SIP)
AF/DPI
Network
Terminal
Initiate dedicated bearer (ULpacket filters)
Initiate dedicated bearer(QoS info)
RAN
Network-Initiated
Client(access
QoSaware)
Service layer signaling(SIP)
AF/DPI
Network
Terminal
Initiate dedicated bearer(QoS info)
RAN
Terminal-Initiated
Initiate dedicated bearer (QoS info + DLpacket filters)
05/27/11 EPS Systems 18
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19/20
VoIP call setup with the EPS QoS concept
05/27/11 EPS Systems 19
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20/20
Conclusion
Unified Core Network
New Radio Access Network for 4Gsystems
Enhanced scheduling andretransmission mechanism
Bearer-based QoS control paradigm
05/27/11 EPS Systems 20
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