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National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNational
Aeronautics and Space Administration
Evolution of a Distributed Live, Virtual, Constructive
Environment for Human in the Loop Unmanned
Aircraft Testing
Jim Murphy: NASA Ames Research Center
Neil Otto: Flight Research Associates
RAeS Modelling and Simulation in Air Traffic Management
Conference 2017
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Human Systems Integration
UAS ground
control station
Noncooperative aircraft
Cooperative aircraft
Air traffic services
(en route)
Detect
and Avoid
Command
and Control
Air traffic services
(Near airport)
UAS-NAS Project Overview
Integrated Test
and Evaluation
2
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Detect and Avoid Overview
3
Collision Avoidance Threshold
Collision Avoidance
Remain Well Clear
Preventive Alert
Remain Well Clear Detect-and-Avoid Threshold
RWC AlertCA Alert
Detect and Avoid
ATC Coordination
Controlled Separation
Conflict Alert
UAS use “Detect and Avoid” in place of “see and avoid”
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LVC-Distributed Test Environment
UAS Surrogate
Live Intruders
Live: Real people operating real assetsVirtual: Real people
operating simulated assetsConstructive: Simulated people operating
simulated assets
Unmanned Aircraft
4
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LVC-Distributed Test Environment
UAS PilotAir Traffic Control
Network
Target Generation
UAS Surrogate ConstructiveIntruders
Live Intruders
Live: Real people operating real assetsVirtual: Real people
operating simulated assetsConstructive: Simulated people operating
simulated assets
Unmanned Aircraft
4
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LVC-Distributed Test Environment
UAS PilotAir Traffic Control
Network
Target Generation
UAS Surrogate ConstructiveIntruders
Live Intruders
Live: Real people operating real assetsVirtual: Real people
operating simulated assetsConstructive: Simulated people operating
simulated assets
Unmanned Aircraft
4
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LVC Architecture Build-Up
GCS
Virtual Assets
HLA – High Level Architecture
LVC Gateway
Constructive Assets
LVC GW Toolbox
ATC Toolbox
Pilot Toolbox
Sim Toolbox
Legacy Core LVC
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DAA System
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Integrated HITL
LVC/DAA Simulation and Flight Activities
6
UAS ADS-B Flight
LVC Characterization
Full Mission Sim
FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17
Collision Avoidance Flight Test 1
Terminal Operations Simulation
Flight Test 3
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Test Bed Architecture
DDS – Data Distribution Service
Test BedSupport Services
Test Bed Visualization Services
Traffic Generators Component A
GovCloud
UAS Traffic Management (UTM)
ExternalSimulators
Component C
Component X
Component B
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ATM FunctionalServices
Conflict Detection
Trajectory Generator
ConflictResolution
Scheduler
StakeholderTools
LVC-DE
LVC Gateway
UAS LVC-DE
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LVC Enhancement
• Live: Real people operating real assets• Virtual: Real people
operating
simulated assets• Constructive: Simulated people
operating simulated assets• Autonomous: Simulated people
operating real assets
Real Assets Simulated Assets
Real People
Live Virtual
Simulated People
Autonomous Constructive
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Conclusion and Next Steps
• NASA’s UAS Integration into the NAS project has developed an
LVC architecture to support testing of unmanned Detect and Avoid
research
• LVC Distributed Test Environment was built up from legacy
infrastructure and designed to meet DAA test objectives and
requirements
• Integrating with NASA’s SMART-NAS Test Bed will enable
continued use of the LVC technologies
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