Evictions - a Hidden Social Problem. Comparative Evidence from Modern Welfare States. Sten-Åke Stenberg Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI) Igor van Laere Dr Valckenier outreach practice for homeless people GGD Municipal Public Health Service Amsterdam
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Evictions a Hidden Social Problem: Comparative evidence from Modern Welfare States
Presentation given by Sten-Åke Stenberg, Swedish institute for Social Research, Sweden and Igor van Laere, GGD Municipal Public Health Service, Amsterdam, Netherlands at a FEANTSA Research Conference on "Homelessness and Poverty", Paris, France, 2009
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Evictions - a Hidden Social Problem. Comparative Evidence from Modern Welfare States.
Sten-Åke StenbergSwedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI)
Igor van LaereDr Valckenier outreach practice for homeless people GGD Municipal Public Health Service Amsterdam
An eviction is the ultimate consequence of a conflict between a landlord and a tenant.
The relationship is regulated by a lease.
If the tenant violates the lease the landlord can terminate the tenancy for cause.
An eviction is the removal of a tenant from the premises of a landlord.
In most cases the grounds are nonpayment of rent (70-90 %), anti-social behavior accounts for 5 %.
A substantial share of these households ends up in homelessness
The eviction process
1. A notice to quit from the landlord to the tenant
2. After 6-8 weeks households are informed of the possibility of seeking assistance from a debt control agency. It is the tenant’s responsibility to contact the agency!
The Netherlands
3. The bailiff is contacted by the landlord after 10 to 12 weeks.
4. If households do not cooperate, and the financial
situation is not solved within the next 2 to 4 weeks, the
household will be presented to the judge for a court
order for eviction
Totally ~ 6 months from rent arrear to eviction
The Netherlands
Social rent sector 2.4 million dwellings
2007: 237,000 households had rent arrears and 22,605 received an eviction court order (0.9%).
Evictions:
1995: 6,020 (0.25 %)
2005: 8,134 (0.34 %)
2007: 8,550 (0.36 %)
The Netherlands
Reasons for evictions (n=8,550)
rent arrears 78 %
illegal subletting 10 %
nuisance / anti-social behavior 5 %
illegal cannabis production 4 %
non specified reasons 2%
Sweden
Rent arrears
1. Notice to quit 7 days after the rent is due, at the same time the landlord must inform the local social authorities.
2. If the rent is paid within 3 weeks after the notice to quit the tenant regains the lease.
3.Two business days after the three week period the bailiff can make a decision of eviction.
Totally 1-2 months from rent arrear to eviction
Sweden
Applications to bailiffs Executed evictions
2000: 13,955 5,055 (36%)
2008: 9,458 4,713 (50%)
Households with children
2008: 2,365 718 (30%)
Sweden
January-June
Evictions Households with children
2008: 1,530 381 (25%)
2009: 1,525 343 (22%)
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Figure 2. Evictions in Sweden 1970-2008
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Applications to bailiffs
Executed evictions
Evictions in Sweden
Conclusions
• Evictions are a hidden social problem• Evictions are neglected by scholars
– 10 data bases: 275 articles: 40 evictions in focus
• No international comparisons possible• Internal eviction geography is needed• Call for comparable monitor systems• Call for integral scientific approach