Events Leading to the Civil War. What four factors caused the development of sectional tensions in the first half of the 19 th century? 1) Competing economic.

Events Leading to Events Leading to the Civil Warthe Civil War

What four factors caused the What four factors caused the development of sectional development of sectional

tensions in the first half of the tensions in the first half of the 1919thth century? century?

• 1) Competing economic interests1) Competing economic interests• 2) Westward expansion2) Westward expansion• 3) Slavery3) Slavery• 4 Debates over the nature of the 4 Debates over the nature of the

UnionUnion

What war resulted from the What war resulted from the United States’ failure to work United States’ failure to work out a settlement acceptable to out a settlement acceptable to

both the “free North” and both the “free North” and “slave South”?“slave South”?

•The Civil WarThe Civil War

What type of economy What type of economy did the Northern states did the Northern states develop during the first develop during the first half of the 19half of the 19thth century? century?

• Industrial economy Industrial economy (manufacturing)(manufacturing)

What type of taxes did What type of taxes did the Northern states the Northern states

favor?favor?

• Protective TariffsProtective Tariffs

What was the purpose of What was the purpose of high protective tariffs?high protective tariffs?

• To protect Northern To protect Northern manufacturers from manufacturers from foreign competitionforeign competition

What are What are protective tariffs?protective tariffs?

• Taxes on imports that are Taxes on imports that are so high Americans cannot so high Americans cannot afford to buy foreign afford to buy foreign goodsgoods

What type of economy What type of economy did the Southern states did the Southern states

develop?develop?

• Agricultural economyAgricultural economy

• FarmingFarming

What was the South’s What was the South’s position on high position on high

protective tariffs?protective tariffs?

•Against themAgainst them

Why did the South Why did the South oppose high protective oppose high protective

tariffs?tariffs?

• Because they made the Because they made the price of imported price of imported manufactured goods manufactured goods much more expensivemuch more expensive

Who were the Who were the abolitionists?abolitionists?

• People who wanted to People who wanted to end slavery end slavery immediatelyimmediately

Name one important Name one important abolitionist leader.abolitionist leader.

•William Lloyd William Lloyd GarrisonGarrison

What was the name of What was the name of the antislavery the antislavery

newspaper published in newspaper published in Boston?Boston?

• The Liberator

What region’s religious What region’s religious leaders became active in leaders became active in

the abolitionist movement?the abolitionist movement?

• New EnglandNew England

Who wrote the novel Who wrote the novel Uncle Tom’s CabinUncle Tom’s Cabin??

• Harriet Beecher Harriet Beecher StoweStowe

What kind of novel was What kind of novel was Uncle Tom’s Cabin?Uncle Tom’s Cabin?

• An antislavery novelAn antislavery novel

• Showed the cruelties of Showed the cruelties of African-American African-American slaveryslavery

What two slave What two slave rebellions took place rebellions took place

in Virginia?in Virginia?

• Gabriel’s RebellionGabriel’s Rebellion

• Nat Turner’s RebellionNat Turner’s Rebellion

Where was Gabriel’s Where was Gabriel’s Rebellion?Rebellion?

• Richmond, VirginiaRichmond, Virginia

Where was Nat Where was Nat Turner’s Rebellion?Turner’s Rebellion?

• Southampton County, Southampton County, VirginiaVirginia

Who proposed the Who proposed the Missouri Compromise?Missouri Compromise?

•Henry ClayHenry Clay

What were the three What were the three parts of the parts of the

Missouri Missouri Compromise?Compromise?

• Missouri became a slave state.Missouri became a slave state.

• Maine became a free state.Maine became a free state.

• The Louisiana Territory was The Louisiana Territory was divided at the 36divided at the 36º 30´ latitude º 30´ latitude line. North of this line must be line. North of this line must be free, while South of this line free, while South of this line could be slave.could be slave.

Why was it important to Why was it important to Congress to keep the Congress to keep the

number of slave and free number of slave and free states equal?states equal?

• To keep the Senate evenly To keep the Senate evenly divided between the slave divided between the slave South and the free NorthSouth and the free North

What important event What important event happened in California happened in California

in 1849?in 1849?

• The Gold RushThe Gold Rush

Who proposed the Who proposed the Compromise of 1850?Compromise of 1850?

•Henry ClayHenry Clay

Who has been called Who has been called “the Great “the Great

Compromiser?”Compromiser?”

• Henry ClayHenry Clay

What were the four What were the four parts of the parts of the

Compromise of 1850?Compromise of 1850?

• California became a free state.California became a free state.

• Stronger fugitive slave lawStronger fugitive slave law

• Created the New Mexico and Created the New Mexico and Utah territories with popular Utah territories with popular sovereignty to decide the issue sovereignty to decide the issue of slavery in bothof slavery in both

• Abolished the slave trade, but Abolished the slave trade, but not slavery itself, in not slavery itself, in Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C.

What region hated the What region hated the Fugitive Slave Act?Fugitive Slave Act?

•The NorthThe North

What is a bill?What is a bill?

• A proposed lawA proposed law

What is an act?What is an act?

•A lawA law

Who proposed the Who proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Kansas-Nebraska

Act?Act?

•Stephen DouglasStephen Douglas

What were the three What were the three parts of the Kansas-parts of the Kansas-

Nebraska Act?Nebraska Act?

• Created two new territories, Created two new territories, Kansas and NebraskaKansas and Nebraska

• Popular sovereignty would decide Popular sovereignty would decide the issue of slavery in both Kansas the issue of slavery in both Kansas and Nebraska and Nebraska

• Since both Kansas and Nebraska Since both Kansas and Nebraska were north of the Missouri were north of the Missouri Compromise line, the Kansas-Compromise line, the Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise.Missouri Compromise.

Define popular Define popular sovereignty.sovereignty.

• the people would vote the people would vote on whether they on whether they wanted slavery in their wanted slavery in their territory or stateterritory or state

What does it mean to What does it mean to repeal a law?repeal a law?

• Do away with the lawDo away with the law

• Get rid of the lawGet rid of the law

• It’s no longer a lawIt’s no longer a law

How did most abolitionists How did most abolitionists and Northerners feel about and Northerners feel about the Kansas-Nebraska Act?the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

• Believed it betrayed the Believed it betrayed the Missouri Compromise’s Missouri Compromise’s promise that land north of promise that land north of 36º 30´ would be forever free36º 30´ would be forever free

What effect did the What effect did the Kansas-Nebraska Act Kansas-Nebraska Act

have on Kansas?have on Kansas?

• Caused bloody fighting Caused bloody fighting between pro-slavery between pro-slavery and antislavery forcesand antislavery forces

What were the two What were the two major results of the major results of the

Kansas-Nebraska Act?Kansas-Nebraska Act?

• 1) Bleeding Kansas1) Bleeding Kansas

• 2) Formation of the 2) Formation of the Republican PartyRepublican Party

What was the basic What was the basic belief of the belief of the

Republican Party?Republican Party?

• Prohibit the spread Prohibit the spread of slavery in the of slavery in the western territorieswestern territories

How did the Supreme How did the Supreme Court rule in the Dred Court rule in the Dred

Scott case?Scott case?

• Ruled the Missouri Ruled the Missouri Compromise was Compromise was unconstitutional unconstitutional

Why did the Dred Scott Why did the Dred Scott decision anger decision anger Northerners?Northerners?

• Overturned Northern Overturned Northern efforts to limit the spread efforts to limit the spread of slavery in the western of slavery in the western territoriesterritories

What part of the What part of the Compromise of 1850 did Compromise of 1850 did

Northerners hate the most?Northerners hate the most?

• The Fugitive Slave The Fugitive Slave LawLaw

What did the Fugitive What did the Fugitive Slave Law require?Slave Law require?

• Slaves who escaped to free Slaves who escaped to free states would be forcibly states would be forcibly returned to their owners in returned to their owners in the South.the South.

In what type of rights In what type of rights did Southerners did Southerners

strongly believe?strongly believe?

• States’ rightsStates’ rights

What two rights did What two rights did Southerners insist the Southerners insist the

states possessed?states possessed?

• The right to nullify a The right to nullify a federal lawfederal law

• The right to secede from The right to secede from the Unionthe Union

What did Southerners What did Southerners argue states could do to argue states could do to

federal laws they did federal laws they did not like?not like?

•Nullify themNullify them

What did it mean for a What did it mean for a state to nullify a state to nullify a

federal law?federal law?

• Void itVoid it

• Do away with itDo away with it

• It would no longer be a law It would no longer be a law in that statein that state

What did it mean for a What did it mean for a state to secede from the state to secede from the

Union?Union?

• Withdraw from the Withdraw from the UnionUnion

• Leave the UnionLeave the Union