7th 7th Anque’s Anque’s international Congress international Congress Water in industry Water in industry AquaFit4Use SP2 : Waste water treatment AquaFit4Use SP2 : Waste water treatment EVALUATION OF SENSORS EVALUATION OF SENSORS AND ANALYSERS AND ANALYSERS Marie MAUREL Marie MAUREL Yannik LADEGAILLERIE Yannik LADEGAILLERIE VEOLIA ENVIRONNEMENT VEOLIA ENVIRONNEMENT SP2 meeting SP2 meeting – Oviedo Oviedo 14.06.2010 14.06.2010 AND ANALYSERS AND ANALYSERS
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7th 7th Anque’sAnque’s international Congressinternational Congress
Water in industryWater in industryAquaFit4Use SP2 : Waste water treatmentAquaFit4Use SP2 : Waste water treatment
EVALUATION OF SENSORS EVALUATION OF SENSORS
AND ANALYSERSAND ANALYSERS
Marie MAURELMarie MAUREL
Yannik LADEGAILLERIEYannik LADEGAILLERIE
VEOLIA ENVIRONNEMENTVEOLIA ENVIRONNEMENT
SP2 meeting SP2 meeting –– OviedoOviedo
14.06.201014.06.2010
AND ANALYSERSAND ANALYSERS
AgendaAgenda
�� Task 2.1.1 Evaluation of Sensors and AnalysersTask 2.1.1 Evaluation of Sensors and Analysers
�� Context and ObjectivesContext and Objectives
�� Material and MethodsMaterial and Methods
�� Results about CODResults about COD
OnOn--going and future workgoing and future work�� OnOn--going and future workgoing and future work
Context & ObjectivesContext & Objectives
Task 2.1.1 Task 2.1.1 -- EVALUATION OF SENSORS AND ANALYSERSEVALUATION OF SENSORS AND ANALYSERS
Context & ObjectivesContext & Objectives
Context & General objectivesContext & General objectives
�� ContextContext
�� Process modelling and control needs adequate measurementsProcess modelling and control needs adequate measurements
�� Parameters must be chosen among the list set by WP 1.1Parameters must be chosen among the list set by WP 1.1
�� ObjectivesObjectives
�� Define sensors benchmark and criteria of comparison Define sensors benchmark and criteria of comparison
�� Execute labExecute lab--scale tests for sensor evaluationscale tests for sensor evaluation
�� Execute test for sensor evaluation on real industrial waste water Execute test for sensor evaluation on real industrial waste water samplessamples
Main Parameter chosen: Main Parameter chosen:
the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
�� Definition:Definition:�� Indirect measurement of organic compounds in waterIndirect measurement of organic compounds in water�� Mass of oxygen consumed to oxidize one litter of solutionMass of oxygen consumed to oxidize one litter of solution
�� Interest:Interest:�� Good indicator of the efficiency of a process Good indicator of the efficiency of a process �� This parameter is interesting at all stages of all processesThis parameter is interesting at all stages of all processes�� This parameter is interesting at all stages of all processesThis parameter is interesting at all stages of all processes
�� Concentrations:Concentrations:�� Pure water:Pure water: 00�� Potable water:Potable water: < 2 mgO2/L (~TOC)< 2 mgO2/L (~TOC)�� Surface water:Surface water: 20 mgO2/L (~TOC)20 mgO2/L (~TOC)�� Raw Waste water:Raw Waste water: 1000 mgO2/L1000 mgO2/L�� Outlet of industrial waste water plant: Outlet of industrial waste water plant: < 150 mgO2/L< 150 mgO2/L
Total Nitrogen (N), Calcium (Ca), Lead (Pb)Total Nitrogen (N), Calcium (Ca), Lead (Pb)
�� Definition:Definition:�� Total N = NH4 + organic N + NOTotal N = NH4 + organic N + NO33 + NO+ NO22
�� Interest:Interest:�� Total N: salt, able to inhibit biological activity, necessary control of N to Total N: salt, able to inhibit biological activity, necessary control of N to
avoid eutrophisation in case of dischargeavoid eutrophisation in case of discharge�� Ca: indicator of water hardness, source of depositsCa: indicator of water hardness, source of deposits�� Ca: indicator of water hardness, source of depositsCa: indicator of water hardness, source of deposits�� Pb: example of heavy metal Pb: example of heavy metal
�� Concentrations for Total N:Concentrations for Total N:�� Potable waterPotable water < 50 mgN/L< 50 mgN/L
�� Raw Waste water :Raw Waste water : 100 mgN/L100 mgN/L
�� Outlet of waste water plant: Outlet of waste water plant: < 10< 10--15 mgN/L15 mgN/L
�� Measurement of electrical potential for a targeted ionMeasurement of electrical potential for a targeted ion
�� Comparison with a reference electrodeComparison with a reference electrode
Reference Measurement for CODReference Measurement for COD
�� Based on ISO 15705Based on ISO 15705
�� Measurement of the mass of potassium dichromate that reacts with the Measurement of the mass of potassium dichromate that reacts with the oxidizable substances in sample under the working conditions of the method.oxidizable substances in sample under the working conditions of the method.
�� Reaction time of 2 hours at 148 Reaction time of 2 hours at 148 °°C. C.
Test protocolTest protocol
�� Protocol developed:Protocol developed:
�� Laboratory tests (on synthetic samples)Laboratory tests (on synthetic samples)
�� Evaluation of sensor performances (static, dynamic)Evaluation of sensor performances (static, dynamic)
�� Pilot tests (on real water)Pilot tests (on real water)
�� Evaluation of maintenance costsEvaluation of maintenance costs�� Evaluation of maintenance costsEvaluation of maintenance costs
�� Evaluation of interferencesEvaluation of interferences
LOD
SDC20
SDC80B20
B80
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
X - Time
Y -
Re
sp
on
se
in
%
Delay Time Response Time
Fall TimeRiseTime
Choice of a synthetic sample for CODChoice of a synthetic sample for COD
�� Choice between 3 existing synthetic samples:Choice between 3 existing synthetic samples:�� Brenntaplus (Brenntag GmbH):Brenntaplus (Brenntag GmbH):
�� Acetic acid (25 % Acetic acid (25 % -- 50 %),50 %),�� Dark brown liquid Dark brown liquid �� COD ~ 1000 gOCOD ~ 1000 gO22/L/L
�� OCDE:OCDE:�� Main compound : Viandox (Main compound : Viandox (salty sauce with a little meat extract and salty sauce with a little meat extract and
flavored)flavored)�� Dark brown liquidDark brown liquid�� COD ~ 79 gOCOD ~ 79 gO22/L/L
�� OCDE was chosen due to similarity with urban waste waterOCDE was chosen due to similarity with urban waste water
Choice of a synthetic sample for CODChoice of a synthetic sample for COD
Absorption spectra of synthetic samples of COD = 1000 mg/L
2
2,5
Ab
so
rpti
on
(1/m
)
OCDE
Canadian receip
BrenntaPlus
Urban Waste Water
0
0,5
1
1,5
150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Wavelength (nm)
Ab
so
rpti
on
(1/m
)
Results about CODResults about COD
Task 2.1.1 Task 2.1.1 -- EVALUATION OF SENSORS AND ANALYSERSEVALUATION OF SENSORS AND ANALYSERS
Results about CODResults about COD
Results about CODResults about COD
�� Tests performed for 5 devices:Tests performed for 5 devices:�� Use of OCDEUse of OCDE�� Scale: Scale: 0 mgO2/L < COD < 1000 mgO2/L0 mgO2/L < COD < 1000 mgO2/L
�� Interpretation of results needs to be completed in Interpretation of results needs to be completed in collaboration with the supplierscollaboration with the supplierscollaboration with the supplierscollaboration with the suppliers
�� Which sensor should you choose ?Which sensor should you choose ?�� Which sensor should you choose ?Which sensor should you choose ?
�� Choice depends on the requirements for the applicationChoice depends on the requirements for the application
�� What specifications are needed ?What specifications are needed ?
�� Tests have to be achieved on real industrial waste water Tests have to be achieved on real industrial waste water samples to complete the evaluationsamples to complete the evaluation
OnOn--going & future workgoing & future work
Task 2.1.1 Task 2.1.1 -- EVALUATION OF SENSORS AND ANALYSERSEVALUATION OF SENSORS AND ANALYSERS
OnOn--going & future workgoing & future work
OnOn--going an future workgoing an future work
�� OnOn--going work:going work:
�� Final interpretation of the results about CODFinal interpretation of the results about COD
�� Evaluation of Total N analyser and Ca and Pb sensorsEvaluation of Total N analyser and Ca and Pb sensors
Measurement of Measurement of absorptionabsorption
External offline conversion: External offline conversion: specific to each sensorspecific to each sensor
SensorSensor
Measurement and Measurement and internal online calculationinternal online calculation
COD COD [mgO[mgO22/L]/L]SampleSample
Tasks / Deliverables and StatusTasks / Deliverables and Status�� Selection of sensors and definition of the test protocolSelection of sensors and definition of the test protocol
�� Evaluation of sensorsEvaluation of sensors�� Completed: COD analysers tests on synthetic samplesCompleted: COD analysers tests on synthetic samples
�� In progress: In progress: �� In progress: In progress: �� Completion of COD analysers tests on real industrial water samples Completion of COD analysers tests on real industrial water samples
(June 2010)(June 2010)
�� Total N analyser, Ca and Pb sensors evaluation (July 2010)Total N analyser, Ca and Pb sensors evaluation (July 2010)
�� Internal report (2.1.1.2) due month 28 (September 2010)Internal report (2.1.1.2) due month 28 (September 2010)
�� Interactions with other WPsInteractions with other WPs�� Samples received form ATM (food industry waste water)Samples received form ATM (food industry waste water)